Relationship between the kinematics of wrist/finger joint movements and muscle loading during typing in people with different skill levels

Background Musculoskeletal disorders caused by computer use are associated with socio-economic problems. Reducing the biomechanical loading caused by hand movements could reduce the occurrence of such disorders. However, most participants recruited for past experimental studies had a certain level of typing skill, and differences in the biomechanical loading of those with different typing skills have not been examined. This study aimed to quantify the relationship between the movements of the wrist and finger joints and the loading on the forearm muscles and to clarify the differences between typists of different skill levels. Methods A 3D motion capture system measured wrist and index finger joint movements, and surface electromyography measured muscle activities for the right hand during a typing task. We compared wrist and finger joint movements and forearm muscle loading during typing, keystroke time, and key release time between skilled and unskilled typists. Findings Skilled typists move their wrists and fingers faster with less muscle activity during typing, the active tension of their finger flexor muscles during keystrokes are high, and they have higher mechanical stresses on the finger flexor tendons during keystrokes. Unskilled typists develop strategies to prevent excessive stiffness in their wrist joints when making keystrokes. They are expected to have a higher cumulative loading on the extensor muscles of the wrist during key release. Interpretation Biomechanical loading in typing skill is different, which may make it possible to predict disability. This could provide information on the changes in physical parameters and environments to prevent disability.

The Pre-i2Flex Model as Applied in Upper Elementary

This chapter is about setting the stage in upper elementary for i2Flex. The two perspectives will be presented as they are implemented in the fourth and fifth grades. The first part of the chapter will be a showcase of different instructional strategies used in both grade levels while implementing the i2Flex model. In the second part, the authors share specific examples of their practices supporting their students with the foundational skills needed to transition smoothly into the i2Flex model, while meeting curriculum demands and the needs of the 21st century learner. Students at ACS Athens are introduced to Moodle® from the 4th grade and continue to effectively use this platform in 5th grade. It is used as an integrated system in creating personalized learning environments which aim to foster student engagement, to familiarize students with technology, to build research and typing skills, to learn foundational computer skills, and lastly, these personalized learning environments serve as alternatives to traditional homework and preparation for lessons.

USING PRACTICAL TECHNIQUE IN IMPROVING STUDENTS TYPING SKILLS

This study aimed at investigating the use of the practical technique in improving students typing skills. Students of Asuoyeboa M/A Junior High School in the Kwadaso sub-metro of Kumasi, Ghana were the population for the study. Twenty (20) Junior High School form one pupil were purposively sampled for the study. The nature of the study was action research. The pre-test and the post-test research design was used, the same participants were pre-tested and post-tested to find the effects of the intervention. Computers and other ICT tools were used for the study. Descriptive statistics were employed in analyzing the data. The pre-intervention and post-intervention findings revealed a remarkable improvement in pupils’ typing skills. The findings of this research indicated that a practical technique improves pupil’s understanding and knowledge in typing skills. Observation of pupils revealed that they were highly excited when taught using computers and other ICT tools. It is recommended that teachers consider the use of practical technique during the practical period more than the lecture method to sustain pupils’ interest as well as enhance their typing skills.

MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF SIMULASI MENGETIK 10 JARI

Interactive Learning Media is currently in great demand and has also been widely applied to deliver subject matter both in schools and universities. Typing is one of the basic skills needed at work or school. But not everyone has the ability to type correctly using ten fingers. To measure or test the ability of someone in typing ten fingers, in this study discusses the design and manufacture of an application. This application is based on standard typing competencies on the keyboard taken from SKKNI. Test typing skills are generally carried out by professional certification bodies to provide certification or proof of one's competence. To determine the results of the exam, participants use assessment based on the certification of practical and theoretical examinations. Ratings are based on speed and accuracy in typing which are added together. Evaluation is based on understanding the theory test in typing on a standard keyboard.

Pelatihan “Typing Master” Pada Siswa Smk BNM Plus Pariaman

The development of information and communication runs rapidly in the current modern era. So many technological discoveries in the field. Of course the impact is now making it easier for all the needs and desires of humans and will continue to grow every second. Formerly humans used typewriters to make letters, office administration, and other jobs related to typing. Over time and the development of technology, typewriters gradually replaced by the presence of a computer. The use of computers can help work in terms of making tasks both from the office and from school. So typing skills quickly and precisely are needed. Vocational school is a level of formal education that is ready to go into the world of work. The PKM activity was carried out at SMK Plus BNM Pariaman because this school only taught theories about typing 10 fingers without providing special training. So by giving theory alone, students are not accustomed to typing 10 fingers in accordance with adequate procedures. The goal of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of students to implement a 10-finger typing system and without looking at the keyboard. With this skill, the school will create graduates that are in line with industry needs.

Developing ergonomics-based practice system to improve students’ typing skills

Increased competence must exist in vocational education. Less measurability of competency typing and convenience in using the computer laboratory becomes a problem for the Department of Business Administration, Bali State Polytechnic. For that, we need a system repair work practice typing on the student. This research was conducted at the Department of Business Administration computer laboratory Bali State Polytechnic. The method used is experiment with design group within - treatment (same subject). A total sample of 28 students of the 2nd semester and are taking practice typing. Competence is measured from the speed and accuracy in typing. Comfortable measured by questionnaires of practice comfort, and fatigue measured using a 30 item questionnaire of fatigue. Data of fatigue and comfortable were analyzed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test and data of typed competence analyzed using t- paired test at the 95% significance level. Results of this research showed that there was a decrease in fatigue student practice 28.10%, decrease in musculoskeletal complaints 31.14%, increase in comfortable 39.63%, increase in typing speed competence the 27.31%, and an increase in typing accuracy competence 5, 10%. It was concluded that the improvement of work practices system can reduce fatigue and musculoskeletal complaints of students and increase typing comfort and competence of students in the Department of Business Administration Bali State Polytechnic.

Touch-Typing Detection Using Eyewear: Toward Realizing a New Interaction for Typing Applications

Typing skills are important in the digital information society of this generation. As a method to improve typing speed, in this study, we focused on the training of touch typing that enables typing a key without looking at the keyboard. For support of touch-typing training, it is efficient to apply a penalty if a learner looks at the keyboard; however, to realize the penalty method, the computer needs to be able to recognize whether the learner looked at the keyboard. We, therefore, proposed a method to detect a learner’s eye gaze, namely, using eyewear to detect whether the learner looked at the keyboard, and then evaluating the detection accuracy of our proposed method. We examined the necessity for our system by analyzing the relationship between a learner’s eye gaze and touch-typing skills.