scholarly journals Development of Air Conditioner Robot Prototype That Follows Humans in Outdoor Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zied Chaari ◽  
Mohamed Abdelfatah ◽  
Christopher Loreno ◽  
Rashid Al-Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
Climate Analysis ◽  
Very High

According to Robert McSweeney, in light of a new study: “Conditions in the GCC could become so hot and humid in the coming years that staying outside for more than six hours will become difficult”. He is a climate analyst at CARBON BRIEF, a nonprofit temperature and climate analysis group. He also states that changes there can help give us an idea of what the rest of the world can expect if we do not reduce the emissions that pollute homes and factories. Because of the high temperatures in GCC countries, the effect of heat stress is very high there, which discourages shoppers and pedestrians from shopping in the open area due to the physical exertion and high risks faced by people and workers. Heat stress peaks in most Arab Gulf countries from 11:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. during the summer season. Heat stress is increasingly an obstacle to economic efficiency in these countries. This work designs and develops a robot that tracks shoppers and provides a cool stream of air directly around them during shopping in open areas to reduce the effect of heat stress. The robot enables us to cool the temperature around customers in the market to increase comfort. In this project, a robot was designed and manufactured to track a specific person and cool the air around him through a cool stream of air generated by the air conditioner installed inside the robot. We used a Raspberry Pi camera sensor to detect the target person and interact with a single-board computer (Raspberry Pi 3) to accomplish this design and the prototype. Raspberry Pi controls the air-conditioning robot to follow the movement of the target person. We used image processing to discover the target shopper, the control system, and then guide the bot. In the meantime, the robot must also bypass any potential obstacles that could prevent its movement and cause a collision. We made a highly efficient design that can synchronize between the software algorithm and the mechanical platform of the robot. This work is merely the combination of a cool stream of air and a robot that follows a human.

Development and Validation of an Autonomous Radio-Frequency Identification Controlled Soaking System for Dairy Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-837
Author(s):  
Gustavo Mazon ◽  
Patrick D Montgomery ◽  
Morgan Hayes ◽  
Joshua Jackson ◽  
Joao H. C. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

HighlightsThe high variation on how dairy cows experience heat stress opens the space for individual heat abatement options.We developed an UHF-RFID activated soaking system for dairy cattle and validated it statically and dynamically.Percentage of soaker activations was moderate when validated statically and very high when validated dynamically.Future research should validate the system using dairy cows and evaluate effects on physiology and behavior.Abstract. This study aim was to develop and validate a radio-frequency identification (RFID) controlled cattle soaking system for use in dairy cattle. The autonomous system was composed of a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, an ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID system, a temperature-humidity sensor, and a water soaker. The system was developed and programmed to identify and tailor heat stress abatement to dairy cattle. The validation of the system was divided into static and dynamic phases. During the static phase, five UHF-RFID tags were statically placed 5 times in 11 points of interest on a ranging from 0 to 150 cm of the antenna. During the dynamic phase, 10 tags were moved 10 times each from 150 cm to the right (closer to the barn) to 150 cm to the left (further from the barn) of the center of the antenna mimicking a cow’s walking speed. During the static validation, the percentage of successful readings was moderate (MEAN±SD; 77.8±30.1%). We found that the distance from the antenna affected the percentage of successful readings (P<0.01), it was 100% up to 60 cm from the antenna and static readings were less successful from 120 cm left up to 90 cm to the right of the center of the antenna. During the dynamic validation, the percentage of successful readings was very high (96.0±7.0%). These results suggest that the autonomous soaker system seems to be able to detect cows in movement underneath the system. Future research should validate the system using live dairy cows. Keywords: Automation, Heat stress, Raspberry Pi, RFID.

Effect of Timing of Heat Stress During Grain Filling on Two Wheat Varieties Differing in Heat Tolerance. II. Fractional Protein Accumulation

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Stone ◽  
ME Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Very High

Short periods of very high temperature (> 35�C) are common during the grain filling period of wheat, and can significantly alter mature protein composition and consequently grain quality. This study was designed to determine the stage of grain growth at which fractional protein accumulation is most sensitive to a short heat stress, and to examine whether varietal differences in heat tolerance are expressed consistently throughout the grain filling period. Two varieties of wheat differing in heat tolerance (cvv. Egret and Oxley, tolerant and sensitive, respectively) were exposed to a short (5 day) period of very high temperature (40�C max, for 6 h each day) at 5-day intervals throughout grain filling, from 15 to 50 days after anthesis. Grain samples were taken throughout grain growth and analysed for protein content and composition (albumin/globulin, monomer, SDS-soluble polymer and SDS-insoluble polymer) using size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. The timing of heat stress exerted a significant influence on the accumulation of total wheat protein and its fractions, and protein fractions differed in their responses to the timing of heat stress. Furthermore, wheat genotype influenced both the sensitivity of fractional protein accumulation to heat stress and the stage during grain filling at which maximum sensitivity to heat stress occurred.

scholarly journals Social perception of persons with PTSD symptoms: a test of some predictions of attribution theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Ćubela
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Pattern ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

A broad research of the impact of PTSD diagnosis and presenting symptoms of this disorder on social reactions to persons with PTSD has been undertaken to test the prediction that the relative absence of fairly recognizable symptoms of this disorder promotes less positive social evaluation. This paper presents the effects of manipulating with the PTSD label and the recognizability of presented symptom pattern on ratings of the target person responsibility and elicited affective reactions and support giving intention in subjects.Three vignettes, differing in recognizability of presented symptoms of PTSD, were given to the subjects (228 students at the University of Mostar), and about a half of the subjects in each of these symptom pattern conditions was told that the target is a PTSD casualty. Subjects responded to the vignettes by rating target’s responsibility and their own reactions to him (pity, anger and willingness to give him support) on a five-point scale.The results showed significant effect of the symptom pattern manipulation, which was most pervasive in responsibility judgments and reported support intentions. The pattern of differences in judgments of responsibility suggests that the prevalence of less recognizable symptoms of PTSD might result in ascription of some responsibility to a target person for causing actual conditions. The relative absence of these symptoms appears to reduce, in particular, the variability in the subject's willingness to give support to the person, which is generally reported as being very high. Unlike these responsibility and support ratings, the effects of the symptom pattern on reported affective experiences of pity and anger do not match the pattern predicted from the attribution model of B. Weiner and an extension of this model made by Lopez and Wolkenstein. The absence of the predicted Label x Symptom pattern interaction was explained in terms of some drawbacks in the construction of the stimulus material.

Genetic variation of rectal temperature and its relationship to milk production in Holstein dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 63-63
Author(s):  
S Khalajzade ◽  
N Emam Jomeh ◽  
A Salehi ◽  
A Moghimi Esfandabadi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Milk production is significantly decreased by thermal stress. The survival and performance of an animal during heat stress periods depend on several weather factors, especially temperature and humidity. Researchers reported dramatic decreases in milk production as temperature rose above 30 degree of centigrade. Very high environmental temperature is common during the summer months in Iran. Rectal temperature is as indicator of heat tolerance and has been the most frequently used physiological variable for estimating heat tolerance in cattle. Some dairy cows are more heat tolerant and productive when subjected to heat stress. Identification and selection of heat stress resistant cattle offers the potential to increase milk yield in tropical environment. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic parameters of heat tolerance and its relationship to milk production in Holstein Dairy Cows in Iran.

scholarly journals IoT-Based of Automatic Electrical Appliance for Smart Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Intan Sari Areni ◽  
Ahmad Waridi ◽  
Indrabayu Amirullah ◽  
Christoforus Yohannes ◽  
Armin Lawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Remote Control System ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Electrical Appliance ◽  
Mit App Inventor

The remote control system on electrical equipment in the room can be fulfilled through the internet as an IoT (Internet of Things) implementation. All devices managed from one interface, so home appliances management delivered quickly and conveniently. The main contribution in this research is IP based controlling for rooms with control lights and vertical curtains, and also the temperature of the air conditioner (AC) with IoT Technology. The used hardware is Raspberry Pi 3 as a server, Relay, motor stepper, IR led Transmitter, and temperature sensor DS18B20. For implementation, an android application is built by MIT App Inventor 2. The results show that all features function correctly, but each device responds with a different delay value.  Delay time response of a lamp, vertical blind, and AC is up to 1.5 sec, 2.1 sec, and 1.6 sec, respectively.electrical appliances, IoT, controlling system, smart room

Heat stress: Physical exertion and environment

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
John Bligh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Physical Exertion

scholarly journals Multi-Annual Changes in Heat Stress Occurrence and Its Circulation Conditions in the Polish–Saxon Border Region

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Miszuk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Annual Changes ◽  
Tourist Region ◽  
Very High

Heat stress is one of the most critical factors affecting human life. In Central Europe, its influence is noticeable, especially in the Polish–Saxon region, which is a very popular tourist region also inhabited by a high number of elders. The main goal of this paper was to assess multi-annual changes in heat stress occurring in the region, considering the frequency of heat days, the UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index), and circulation conditions. The research showed that all the thermal and biothermal indices in this region significantly increased during 1971–2019 in the lowlands, the mountain foreland, and the lower mountain zone. In terms of the UTCI, a negative trend for cold stress frequency was noticed in the entire region in favor of an increase in a tendency toward thermoneutral conditions and heat stress. This concerns especially strong and very strong heat stress (UTCI > 32 °C), in which positive trends were observed for most of the stations located in the lower hypsometric zones. The results also showed that heat stress mainly occurs on days with anticyclonic circulation. Analysis of selected cases of heat waves in the 21st century indicated that the lower hypsometric zones are characterized by a very high UTCI, while the summit zone is free from heat stress occurrence.

Marker-based crop model-assisted ideotype design to improve avoidance of abiotic stress in bread wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Bogard ◽  
Delphine Hourcade ◽  
Benoit Piquemal ◽  
David Gouache ◽  
Jean-Charles Deswartes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Crop Model ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Stress Avoidance ◽  
Climate Analysis

Abstract Wheat phenology allows escape from seasonal abiotic stresses including frosts and high temperatures, the latter being forecast to increase with climate change. The use of marker-based crop models to identify ideotypes has been proposed to select genotypes adapted to specific weather and management conditions and anticipate climate change. In this study, a marker-based crop model for wheat phenology was calibrated and tested. Climate analysis of 30 years of historical weather data in 72 locations representing the main wheat production areas in France was performed. We carried out marker-based crop model simulations for 1019 wheat cultivars and three sowing dates, which allowed calculation of genotypic stress avoidance frequencies of frost and heat stress and identification of ideotypes. The phenology marker-based crop model allowed prediction of large genotypic variations for the beginning of stem elongation (GS30) and heading date (GS55). Prediction accuracy was assessed using untested genotypes and environments, and showed median genotype prediction errors of 8.5 and 4.2 days for GS30 and GS55, respectively. Climate analysis allowed the definition of a low risk period for each location based on the distribution of the last frost and first heat days. Clustering of locations showed three groups with contrasting levels of frost and heat risks. Marker-based crop model simulations showed the need to optimize the genotype depending on sowing date, particularly in high risk environments. An empirical validation of the approach showed that it holds good promises to improve frost and heat stress avoidance.

scholarly journals Personal Assistant Based Home Automation using Raspberry PI

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 5398-5401
Keyword(s):  
Web Search ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Home Automation ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Home Automation System

A desired technology in 21st century for home automation is an intelligent system. An objective of any automated system is to reduce human labor, efforts, time and errors. Commonly Home Automation is a system where various home appliances like air conditioner, TV, Refrigerator, etc are capable to communicate with each other and they can be remotely controlled. Here is presented a paper which discuss a home automation system through virtual personal assistant’s capability of speech recognition and through raspberry pi to automate home devices such as air cooler, lights, fans, TV etc. This system is a combination of various different technologies such as voice recognition, voice analysis and voice processing. A device microphone is used to receive voice requests while the speaker gives voice output.. The system also uses Artificial intelligence techniques which can solve various human queries through web search and can also control the home appliances.

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