scholarly journals A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Haes Alhelou ◽  
Mohamad Hamedani-Golshan ◽  
Takawira Njenda ◽  
Pierluigi Siano
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Stable Mode ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Ready Availability

Power systems are the most complex systems and have great importance in modern life. They have direct impacts on the modernization, economic, political and social aspects. To operate such systems in a stable mode, several control and protection techniques are required. However, modern systems are equipped with several protection schemes with the aim of avoiding the unpredicted events and power outages, power systems are still encountering emergency and mal-operation situations. The most severe emergencies put the whole or at least a part of the system in danger. If the emergency is not well managed, the power system is likely to have cascading failures that might lead to a blackout. Due to the consequences, many countries around the world have research and expert teams who work to avoid blackouts on their systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the major blackouts and cascading events that have occurred in the last decade are introduced. A particular focus is given on the US power system outages and their causes since it is one of the leading power producers in the world and it is also due to the ready availability of data for the past events. The paper also highlights the root causes of different blackouts around the globe. Furthermore, blackout and cascading analysis methods and the consequences of blackouts are surveyed. Moreover, the challenges in the existing protective schemes and research gaps in the topic of power system blackout and cascading events are marked out. Research directions and issues to be considered in future power system blackout studies are also proposed.

The World Economy

2007 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 7-30 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Housing Investment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
Rates Of Growth

The global economy expanded by 5.3 per cent in 2006, one of the fastest rates of growth in the past 35 years. We project further expansions of 5 per cent this year and 4¾ per cent in 2008. The key risks to the forecast that we highlight in this Review relate to global housing markets and the current stance of monetary policy. The US economy is restrained by the recent correction in its housing market, which is expected to continue to weigh on the economy through 2008. There is some concern that the housing investment downturn may spread to other economies, and in this report we explore the areas most at risk to such a contagion. We also consider the recent volatility in the oil price, which makes it difficult for monetary authorities to distinguish signal from noise. If too much emphasis is placed on what subsequently turns out to be noise, policy settings could turn out to be overly lax or stringent.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF THE TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV’S LINGUISTIC EDUCATIONAL MUSEUM EXPOSITION WITH SIMILAR INSTITUTIONS IN THE WORLD

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
A. М. Bocharnikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
The Internet ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
National University

The article contains information on all general-purpose linguistic museums that are currently functioning in the world, functioned in the past, or are at the project stage. In cases where this is possible, the structure of museum’s exposition is examined. Criteria that have played a key role in the division of museums’ content into structural elements are defined. The accuracy of exposition authors’ compliance of their approaches has also been analyzed. The first linguistic museum in the world that opened its doors to visitors was Taras Shevchenko university of Kyiv’s Linguistic Educational Museum founded in 1992 by the order of the university’s rector. During next sixteen years it was world’s only linguistic museum till the year 2008 when National Museum of Language in the US was opened. In 2013 a new linguistic museum named Mundolingua was established in Paris. After 2014 when the museum in USA was closed and till now it continues to be the only linguistic museum in the world except Linguistic Educational Museum in Ukraine that is functioning. At present times there are several big projects of establishing a comprehensive linguistic museum in different countries. Among them is Planet Word in Washington, Museum der Sprachen der Welt in Berlin, Museum of Language in London. The work upon these projects is in progress and hasn’t reached the stage of completeness. There are also two websites available on the Internet that have the name of museum but does not contain any traces of the exposition content. These are the website of the above mentioned National Museum of Language and Taalmuseum in the Netherlands. Both of these websites are portals for announcements concerning exhibitions, lectures and meetings in different places that are somehow referred to language topics. In this article the structure of the museums content has also been analyzed. Linguistic Educational Museum in Kyiv was established for academic purposes therefore its content has the same structure as the Introductory Linguistics course. At the same time it reveals the principles of the museum exposition author’s Doctor of Science thesis named the Metatheory of Linguisics.

A review of changes in the delivery of information to users

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The World

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the changes that have taken place in Interlending & Document Supply over the past 12 years. Design/methodology/approach – Research of the past 48 literature reviews published in Interlending & Document Supply. Findings – Over the past 12 years, Interlending & Document Supply has declined dramatically in much of the world, although less so in the US. It is likely to increase in the developing world but not as much as to compensate for the decline elsewhere. Originality/value – This is the only study that has been made of the changes in document supply in this century.

The World Economy

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 8-33
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
Cyclical Variation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

Risks of a US driven slowdown in world activity have receded in the past few months, as US consumer demand remains robust. However, a worsened outlook for Germany and Japan suggests that the recovery will be more gradual than previously anticipated, in part as a consequence of the strengthening of the euro and the yen against the dollar in recent months. We estimate that world growth recorded a modest improvement in 2002, rising to 2.7 per cent from 2.2 per cent in 2001. However, regional cyclical variation increased last year. While 2001 saw a sharp slowdown in growth across all the major regions of the world, with the world's three largest economies recording outright recessions, growth accelerated last year in the US, China and Dynamic Asia, but slowed further in the EU, Japan and South America.

scholarly journals Animal Detection: Techniques, Challenges and Future Scope

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4706-4710
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
New Research ◽  
Animal Detection ◽  
Departments Of Transportation

Departments of transportation all across the world are concerned with ever increasing number of Animal-Vehicle Collisions as they cause thousands of human and animal causalities along with billions of economic losses every year. This is one of the few areas of transportation that safety is not improving. As more roads are being built, the areas that animal inhabit is shrinking and thus causing more crashes between vehicles and animals. The human fatalities and injuries, animal fatalities and injuries, and material costs of these crashes emphasize the need for a solution to this problem. Through this paper, new research directions and combination of technologies which are suitable for covering the research gaps are presented

Gearing Up for a New “Pandemic” on the Eyes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk

As the novel coronavirus continues ravaging communities worldwide, children and adults are spending more time than ever before on their electronic devices. Social networking websites, streaming platforms, and video games accumulate hours of usage. Students and employees are turning to remote learning and working. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, teleworking was already on the rise. In the US, the population of employees working remotely increased from 19.6% in 2003 to 24.1% in 2015, and in Sweden, the prevalence of working from home jumped from 5.9% in 1999 to 19.7% in 2012 (Feldstead & Henseke, 2017). Research conducted by the Trades Union Congress (TUC) reported that the teleworking rate in the UK increased by at least 20% over the past decade. There are currently no official reports on the increase of remote working in 2020. However, given the current pandemic situation along with the rapid advancement of technology each day, the numbers are expected to be at an all-time high. This may introduce the world to a new set of health problems: the Digital Eye Strain syndrome.

Women Entrepreneurs: A Research Overview

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candida G. Brush
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Despite the proliferation of research, the population of women entrepreneurs is vastly understudied. This is surprising considering women are one of the fastest rising populations of entrepreneurs, and contribute significantly to innovation, job creation, and economies around the world. Why are women entrepreneurs comparatively understudied? What have we learned about women entrepreneurs in the past few decades? What are the future research directions? This article addresses these questions. It begins with a brief overview on the extent of research on women's entrepreneurship and considers reasons why they are under-studied. The article also explores empirical findings in terms of similarities and differences between men and women entrepreneurs, then it concludes with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Dependability Impact in the Smart Solar Power Systems: An Analysis of Smart Buildings

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Eltton Araujo ◽  
Paulo Pereira ◽  
Jamilson Dantas ◽  
Paulo Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Smart Building ◽  
The World ◽  
Sensor Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet has been going through significant transformations and changing the world around us. We can also see the Internet to be used in many areas, for innumerable purposes, and, currently, it is even used by objects. This evolution leads to the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. This new concept can be defined as a system composed of storage resources, sensor devices, controllers, applications, and network infrastructure, in order to provide specific services to its users. Since IoT comprises heterogeneous components, the creation of these systems, the communication, and maintenance of their components became a complex task. In this paper, we present a dependability model to evaluate an IoT system. Amid different systems, we chose to assess availability in a smart building. The proposed models allow us to calculate estimations of other measures besides steady-state availability, such as reliability. Thus, it was possible to notice that there was no considerable gain of availability in the system when applying grid-tie solar power or off-grid solar power. The grid-tie solar power system is cheaper than the off-grid solar power system, even though it produces more energy. However, in our research, we were able to observe that the off-grid solar power system recovers the applied financial investment in smaller interval of time.

scholarly journals "Euroslam" - is it ridda or time consuming?

2005 ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
T. Hazyr-Ogly
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
East Asia ◽  
North Africa ◽  
The State ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Monitoring Center ◽  
Muslim Communities

Islam is now professed by the population of many countries in the Middle East, Asia, Africa, Europe. According to the World Islamic League, as of 2004, there were 1.2 billion Islamic followers in different countries (around 120 countries). In 35 countries, Muslims now make up 95-99 percent of the population, in 17 countries Islam is the state religion, and in 25 states, Muslims are an influential minority. Muslim communities are overwhelmed in Asia and North Africa. But they are also present in Europe, the US and Japan. According to statistics from the European Monitoring Center and Xenophobia (EUMC), Islam is the only religious religion in the world over the past 100 years, from 13 to 19.5 percent.

THE WORLD ECONOMY

2008 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Dawn Holland ◽  
Ray Barrell ◽  
Tatiana Fic ◽  
Sylvia Gottschalk ◽  
Ian Hurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Financial System ◽  
Financial Market Crisis

Over the past few weeks, the global financial system has appeared on the brink of collapse, as mounting bank losses and a lack of banking liquidity have resulted in a wave of collapsing financial institutions across Europe and the US. While the immediate threat to the financial system appears to have been averted, the continuing deleveraging process, declining asset prices and heightened uncertainty regarding the viability of financial institutions have sharply reduced the willingness and ability of banks to lend to each other and to other borrowers, and at the same time reduced the willingness of borrowers to increase their levels of debt. As the events of recent weeks have unfolded, it has become increasingly clear that the fallout from the financial market crisis will continue to restrict bank lending severely for at least the next several months, pushing the world's major economies into recession. As a consequence, growth in the OECD economies next year is projected to be the weakest since 1982, with output forecast to rise by just 0.4 per cent.

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