scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Absorption by Blast-Furnace Slag Mortars in Function of the Curing Intensity

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Sanjuán ◽  
Esteban Estévez ◽  
Cristina Argiz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Furnace Slag

Climate change is one of the most important issues affecting the future of the planet. Then, a lot of resources are being used to actively work on climate change issues and greenhouse gas reduction. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are monitored by each country and reported yearly to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published the document entitled “2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories” to provide the calculation rules and the way to inform the UNFCCC of the national GHG emissions. Currently, this document does not give a procedure to calculate the net carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere due to the Portland cement clinker production. The purpose of this paper is to get reliable relationships to better calculate the CO2 uptake by ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) mortars. The application of this material cured under controlled conditions could help minimize environmental impact. Carbonation coefficient versus 28-day compressive strength relationship of mortars elaborated with GGBFS and cured underwater for 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, or 28 days were obtained. The main finding is the extreme sensitivity of the GGBFS mortars to the curing intensity and, therefore, they can be used cured under controlled conditions to minimize carbon footprints.

Carbon dioxide mineralization for the disposition of blast‐furnace slag: reaction intensification using NaCl solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enze Ren ◽  
Siyang Tang ◽  
Changjun Liu ◽  
Hairong Yue ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Mineralization ◽  
Furnace Slag

scholarly journals Application areas of phosphogypsum in production of mineral binders and composites based on them: a review of research results

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Dvorkin ◽  
Nataliya Lushnikova ◽  
Mohammed Sonebi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Slaked Lime ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Furnace Slag

The increase of the consumption of gypsum products in construction industry with a limited amount of natural gypsum deposits requires alternative sources of gypsum-containing raw materials. In some countries which have fertilizers industry plants, the problem can be solved using industrial wastes, e.g. phosphorgypsum – a byproduct of fertilizers’ production. Kept in dumps over decades, phosphorgypsum is subjected to the chemical changes due to washing out impurities with rain and other natural factors. However, there are observed deviations of harmful impurities in dumped PG depending on its age., Phosphorgypsum of any age requires chemical treatment to neutralize remains of phosphorus and sulfuric acids, fluorine compounds. According to our researches one of the most simple and effective method of neutralization the impurities is using lime-containing admixtures. The paper presents results of laboratory tests of phosphorgypsum as a component of clinker and non-clinker binders. There were investigated the impact of phosphorgypsum as admixture for clinker binders to substitute natural gypsum. Neutralized phosphorgypsum can be applied as mineralizing admixture in calcination of Portland cement clinker. Adding 2 to 2.5% of phosphorgypsum as setting time regulator resulted in a similar physical and mechanical properties compared to mix made with natural gypsum. Another important area of phosphorgypsum application is sulphate activatoion of low-clinker blast-furnace slag cement (clinker content is less than 19%). According to results, the incorporation of phosphorgypsum as sulphate activator in cement has the better effect as natural gypsum. Other development has been carried out to modify the phosphorgypsum binder properties. Complex additive consisted of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer and slaked lime permitted an increase mechanical properties of hardened phosphorgypsum binder due to significant a reduction of water consumption. Such modified binder can be used as partial or complete replacement of gypsum binder for filling cements and finishing plasters. It can substitute gypsum in non-clinker binders like supersulphated cements. There were also developed compositions of supersulphated cements based on low-alumina blast furnace slag and phosphorgypsum. Supersulphated cements were tested in normal-weight and light-weight concrete.

scholarly journals Optimization of an Eco-Friendly Hydraulic Road Binders Comprising Clayey Dam Sediments and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Selma Bellara ◽  
Mustapha Hidjeb ◽  
Walid Maherzi ◽  
Salim Mezazigh ◽  
Ahmed Senouci
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths ◽  
Furnace Slag

This study investigated the potential use of Zerdezas dam Calcined Sediments (CS) and El-Hadjar Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) from northern Algeria as a partial replacement of cement (C) in normal hardening hydraulic road binders. Two binder mix designs were optimized using a Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The first mix, 50C35GGBS15CS, consisted of 50% cement, 35% blast furnace slag, and 15% calcined sediment. The second mix, 80C10GGBS10CS, consisted of 80% cement, 10% blast furnace slag, and 10% calcined sediments. The tests of workability, setting time, volume expansion, compressive and flexural strengths, porosity, and SEM were conducted to ensure that both mixes meet the standard requirements for road construction binders. The two proposed mixes were qualified as normal hardening hydraulic road binder. The reuse of the sediments will contribute to a better disposal of dam sediments and steel industry waste and to preserve natural resources that are used for manufacturing cement. It will also contribute to the environmental impact reduction of cement clinker production by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

The case for long-term studies of greenhouse gas emissions

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIM NEWCOMB
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Long Term Studies

Many nations have recognized the need to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The scientific assessments of climate change of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) support the need to reduce GHG emissions. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the 1992 Convention on Climate Change (UNTS 30822) has now been signed by more than 65 countries, although that Protocol has not yet entered into force. Some 14 of the industrialized countries listed in the Protocol face reductions in carbon dioxide emissions of more than 10% compared to projected 1997 carbon dioxide emissions (Najam & Page 1998).

Utilization of Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag Seed Crystal in Eco-Cement

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 870-874
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Ai ◽  
Jing Wei ◽  
Jun Ying Bai ◽  
Pu Guang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Seed Crystal ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Furnace Slag

Eco-cement produced from waste concrete was proved to be feasible in early research. The seed crystal of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) was utilized in this research to lower the sintering temperature of eco-cement clinker. The mineral compositions of clinker with GGBS seed crystal was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the mechanical properties of eco-cement with GGBS seed crystal was also tested. Four main cement minerals were all observed in eco-cement clinker and the compressive strength of the eco-cement pastes can approach to about 66 MPa at 28 curing days. The results showed that GGBS seed crystal was favourable for the formation of cement minerals at a lower temperature. It can help reduce by about 50~100°C for the sintering process of cement clinker. Content of GGBS seed crystal should better be in the rage of 5%~8%, and the suitable sintering temperature should be 1350°C.

scholarly journals Investigation of Mechanical Properties, Durability and Microstructure of Low-Clinker High-Performance Concretes Incorporating Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Siliceous Fly Ash and Silica Fume

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Konieczna ◽  
Karol Chilmon ◽  
Wioletta Jackiewicz-Rek
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Portland Cement Clinker ◽  
Furnace Slag

The main assumption of eco-efficient High-Performance Concrete (HPC) design is the reduction of Portland cement clinker content without negatively affecting the composite’s mechanical and durability properties. In this paper, three low-clinker HPC mixtures incorporating slag cement (CEM III/B as per EN 197-1) and Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs)—Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), Siliceous Fly Ash (SFA) and Silica Fume (SF)—were designed. The maximum amount of Portland cement clinker from CEM III/B varied from 64 to 116 kg in 1 m3 of concrete mix. The compressive strength of HPC at 2, 7, 14, 28, 56, 90 days, and 2 years after casting, as well as the modulus of elasticity on 2-year-old specimens, was tested. The depth of water penetration under pressure and internal frost resistance in freeze–thaw tests were evaluated after 56 days of curing. Additionally, the concrete pH value tests were performed. The microstructure of 2-year-old HPC specimens was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The research proved that it is possible to obtain low-clinker High-Performance Concretes that reach compressive strength of 76–92 MPa after 28 days of curing, show high values of modulus of elasticity (49–52 GPa) as well as increased resistance to frost and water penetration under pressure.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Uptake by Cement-Based Materials: A Spanish Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Sanjuán ◽  
Carmen Andrade ◽  
Pedro Mora ◽  
Aniceto Zaragoza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Uptake ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
Cement Based Materials

The European parliament has declared a global “climate and environmental emergency” on 28 November 2019. Given that, climate change is a clear strategic issue all around the world. Then, greenhouse gas emissions are reported by each country to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) every year. In addition, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in the “2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories” give the procedure to calculate and manage the national greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. However, these guidelines do not provide any method to consider the net carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere (released in clinker fabrication minus those due to concrete carbonation) by the Portland cement clinker industry. This topic should be implemented in the climatic models of the next IPCC assessment report. This paper provides an easy procedure of estimating net CO2 emissions proposed in the “recarbonation project” (simplified method); that is to say, carbon dioxide uptake during the service-life stage is considered as the 20% of the CO2 released by the calcination (process emissions), whereas the end-of-life and secondary usage is only the 3% of the CO2 released by calcination. The outcome of this study reveals that 31,290.753 tons of carbon dioxide will be absorbed by the cement-based materials produced in Spain with the cements manufactured from 2005 to 2015.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Cement Bypass Dust in Hydraulic Road Binder

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Nadezda Stevulova ◽  
Julius Strigac ◽  
Jozef Junak ◽  
Eva Terpakova ◽  
Marian Holub
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Standard Requirement ◽  
Initial Setting Time ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Initial Setting ◽  
Furnace Slag

This article describes utilization of a cement kiln bypass dust utilization as an added component in a hydraulic road binder. Three experimental binder mixes (BM1–BM3) with variation in the composition of the main constituents (cement clinker, ground limestone and ground granulated blast furnace slag) and constant content of bypass dust (10%) were prepared under laboratory conditions. The properties of binder constituents, fresh experimental binder mixes and hardened specimens were tested according to STN EN 13282-2 for a normal hardening hydraulic road binder. The physical and chemical properties of all binder mixes (fineness: +90 µm ≤ 15 wt.%; SO3 content: <4 wt.%) met the standard requirements. The bypass dust addition led to an increase in the water content for standard consistency of cement mixes (w/c = 0.23) and to a shortening of the initial setting time for two experimental blended cement pastes (BM1 and BM3) compared with the value required by the standard. Only BM2 with the lowest SO3 content (0.363 wt.%) and the highest percentage of granulated blast furnace slag (9.5 wt.%) and alkalis (Na2O and K2O content of 5.9 wt.%) in the binder mix met the standard value for the initial setting time (≥150 min). The results of compressive strength testing of experimental specimens after 56 days of hardening (59.2–63.9 MPa) indicate higher values than the upper limit of the standard requirement for the N4 class (≥32.5; ≤52.5 MPa).

scholarly journals New technology in 3D Concrete Printing by Using Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1200 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Norhafizah Salleh ◽  
Nur Syahera Jamalulail ◽  
Noor Azlina Abdul Hamid ◽  
Zalipah Jamellodin ◽  
Masni A Majid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Furnace Slag

Abstract 3D building printing is a technology for producing 3D models of an object to build any shape or size in layers by using computer software. The development of 3D printing was going to be more famous and commercial in the future to reduce the construction cost and labor demands, sustainability, and to the greenest way. Concrete is the mixture that consists of the ingredients of water, binder (cement) and aggregates (rock, sand, gravel). The productions of Portland cement in construction leads to the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into the air. Waste material has been used as cement replacement in this research study to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. This research study was going to evaluate the viability of concrete for 3D printing and printing emphasizing the impact on potential opportunities of this innovative industry. The behaviour of 3D concrete printing and potential of modified mortar in 3D concrete mix design by using Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBS) is used to evaluate the potential uses of GGBS in concrete mixture for 3D building printing. This research study involved the review of concrete compressive strength and workability of 3D concrete printing with the control aspect during process manufacturing. The result shows that the mix design of 3D concrete printing with 30% and 40% produced concrete strength of 47.33MPa and 47.67MPa respectively. Furthermore, control aspect requirements of concrete for 3D printing were discussed in the field extrudability, flowability, buildability, strength between layers, aggregates, and water-cement ratio. Throughout this study, the manufactures of 3D building printing materials using environmentally friendly elements can contribute effectively create a sustainable environment automatically.

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