scholarly journals Gas Turbine Cycle with External Combustion Chamber for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikielewicz ◽  
Kosowski ◽  
Tucki ◽  
Piwowarski ◽  
Stępień ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Open Cycle ◽  
External Combustion ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The use of various biofuels, usually of relatively small Lower Heating Value (LHV), affects the gas turbine efficiency. The present paper shows that applying the proposed air by-pass system of the combustor at the turbine exit causes tan increase of efficiency of the turbine cycle increased by a few points. This solution appears very promising also in combined gas/steam turbine power plants. The comparison of a turbine set operating according to an open cycle with partial bypassing of external combustion chamber at the turbine exit (a new solution) and, for comparison, a turbine set operating according to an open cycle with a regenerator. The calculations were carried out for different fuels: gas from biomass gasification (LHV = 4.4 MJ/kg), biogas (LHV = 17.5 MJ/kg) and methane (LHV = 50 MJ/kg). It is demonstrated that analyzed solution enables construction of several kW power microturbines that might be used on a local scale. Such turbines, operated by prosumer’s type of organizations may change the efficiency of electricity generation on a country-wide scale evidently contributing to the sustainability of power generation, as well as the economy as a whole.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Cycle Concepts for High-Efficiency Power Plans. Part A: Public Power Plants 60+

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kosowski ◽  
Karol Tucki ◽  
Marian Piwowarski ◽  
Robert Stępień ◽  
Olga Orynycz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Classical Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

An analysis was carried out for different thermodynamic cycles of power plants with air turbines. Variants with regeneration and different cogeneration systems were considered. In the paper, we propose a new modification of a gas turbine cycle with the combustion chamber at the turbine outlet. A special air by-pass system of the combustor was applied and, in this way, the efficiency of the turbine cycle was increased by a few points. The proposed cycle equipped with a regenerator can provide higher efficiency than a classical gas turbine cycle with a regenerator. The best arrangements of combined air–steam cycles achieved very high values for overall cycle efficiency—that is, higher than 60%. An increase in efficiency to such degree would decrease fuel consumption, contribute to the mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions, and strengthen the sustainability of the region served by the power plant. This increase in efficiency might also contribute to the economic resilience of the area.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Cycle Concepts for High-Efficiency Power Plants. Part B: Prosumer and Distributed Power Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kosowski ◽  
Karol Tucki ◽  
Marian Piwowarski ◽  
Robert Stępień ◽  
Olga Orynycz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Effective Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

An analysis was carried out for different thermodynamic cycles of power plants with air turbines. A new modification of a gas turbine cycle with the combustion chamber at the turbine outlet has been described in the paper. A special air by-pass system of the combustor was applied, and in this way, the efficiency of the turbine cycle was increased by a few points. The proposed cycle equipped with an effective heat exchanger could have an efficiency higher than a classical gas turbine cycle with a regenerator. Appropriate cycle and turbine calculations were performed for micro power plants with turbine output in the range of 10–50 kW. The best arrangements achieved very high values of overall cycle efficiency, 35%–39%. Such turbines could also work in cogeneration and trigeneration arrangements, using various fuels such as liquids, gaseous fuels, wastes, coal, or biogas. Innovative technology in connection with ecology and the failure-free operation of the power plant strongly suggests the application of such devices at relatively small generating units (e.g., “prosumers” such as home farms and individual enterprises), assuring their independence from the main energy providers. Such solutions are in agreement with the politics of sustainable development.

BASIC POSITIONS OF THE ENTHALPY-ENTROPY METHODOLOGY OF THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF GAS TURBINE POWER PLANTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadii Liubchik ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Fialko ◽  
Aboubakr Regragui ◽  
Nataliia Meranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Thermal Entropy ◽  
Nodal Points ◽  
Computational Diagnostics

The basic positions of the enthalpy-entropy methodology of thermodynamic modeling of processes in gas turbine units (GTUs) and combined power plants on basis GTUs are presented. The main requirements and conditions of this methodology are formulated, they allows the construction of a sequential (without iterations) algorithm for the computational diagnostics of the thermodynamic parameters of the GTU cycle, which includes the calculation blocks for the compressor, combustion chamber, turbine, and exhaust tube of the GTU. The obtained regression equations are presented. The use of these equations simplifies of the procedure for evaluating the thermodynamic parameters of the components at the nodal points of the cycle. The advantages of the proposed methodology in comparison with the traditional thermal-entropy methodology are indicated.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Different Configurations of Combined Cycle Power Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Munzer S. Y. Ebaid ◽  
Qusai Z. Al-hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

<p class="1Body">Several modifications have been made to the simple gas turbine cycle in order to increase its thermal efficiency but within the thermal and mechanical stress constrain, the efficiency still ranges between 38 and 42%. The concept of using combined cycle power or CPP plant would be more attractive in hot countries than the combined heat and power or CHP plant. The current work deals with the performance of different configurations of the gas turbine engine operating as a part of the combined cycle power plant. The results showed that the maximum CPP cycle efficiency would be at a point for which the gas turbine cycle would have neither its maximum efficiency nor its maximum specific work output. It has been shown that supplementary heating or gas turbine reheating would decrease the CPP cycle efficiency; hence, it could only be justified at low gas turbine inlet temperatures. Also it has been shown that although gas turbine intercooling would enhance the performance of the gas turbine cycle, it would have only a slight effect on the CPP cycle performance.</p>

Recuperators in Gas Turbine Systems

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa Utriainen ◽  
Bengt Sundén
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Compact Heat Exchangers ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycles ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The application of recuperators in advanced thermodynamic cycles is growing due to stronger demands of low emissions of pollutants and the necessity of improving the cycle efficiency of power plants to reduce the fuel consumption. This paper covers applications and types of heat exchangers used in gas turbine units. The trends of research and development are brought up and the future need for research and development is discussed. Material aspects are covered to some extent. Attempts to achieve compact heat exchangers for these applications are also discussed. With the increasing pressure ratio in the gas turbine cycle, large pressure differences between the hot and cold sides exist. This has to be accounted for. The applicability of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is discussed and a CFD–approach is presented for a specific recuperator. This recuperator has narrow wavy ducts with complex cross-sections and the hydraulic diameter is so small that laminar flow prevails. The thermal-hydraulic performance is of major concern.

scholarly journals Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Simple Gas Turbine Cycle with Wet Compression

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Betelmal ◽  
S. A. Farhat
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Isentropic Compression ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Wet Compression ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

A thermodynamic model of the wet compressor in a simple gas turbine cycle was investigated in this paper. A suitable quantity of water was injected into the compressor-stages where it evaporated. Subsequently, the steam and air were heated in the combustion chamber and expanded in the turbine. The wet compressor (WC) has become a reliable way to reduce gas emissions and increase gas turbine efficiency. In this study, the operational data of the simple gas turbine and the maximum amount of water that can be injected into the compressor were assessed, as well as a comparison between the dry compression, the wet compression and the isentropic compression. The performance variation due to water spray in the compressor and the effect of varying ambient temperature on the performance of gas turbine (thermal efficiency, power) was investigated, and the results are compared to the results of the same cycle with a dry compressor. The analytical formula of exergy destruction and results show that exergy destruction increases with water injection. The programming of the performance model for the gas turbine was developed utilizing the software IPSEpro. The results of the gas turbine with a wet compressor demonstrates a 12% reduction in the compressor exit temperature up to isentropic temperature. The compressor work decreased by 11% when using a wet compressor, this lead to an improvement in power output and efficiency However, the wet compressor increases the specific fuel consumption and heat rate of the gas turbine. There are limitations in the amount of steam that can be injected, 0.4 kg/s of water was the optimum amount injected into the compressor.

Solar Field Efficiency and Electricity Generation Estimations for a Hybrid Solar Gas Turbine Project in France

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Garcia ◽  
Alain Ferriere ◽  
Gilles Flamant ◽  
Philippe Costerg ◽  
Robert Soler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Field Efficiency ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
External Combustion

The production of electricity with gas turbine and solar energy project aims to install at the Themis site (Targasonne, France) a prototype of hybrid solar/fossil gas-turbine system for electricity generation. The system features a 3800kWth pressurized air solar receiver combined with a fossil backup feeding a recuperated 1400kWe Turbomeca gas turbine with an external combustion chamber.

Modeling of Gas Turbine-Based Cogeneration System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Zabihian ◽  
Alan S. Fung ◽  
Fabio Schuler
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Exhaust Stream ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Wasted Energy

Gas turbine-based power plants generate a significant portion of world’s electricity. This paper presents the modeling of a gas turbine-based cogeneration cycle. One of the reasons for the relatively low efficiency of a single gas turbine cycle is the waste of high-grade energy at its exhaust stream. In order to recover this wasted energy, steam and/or hot water can be cogenerated to improve the cycle efficiency. In this work, a cogeneration power plant is introduced to use this wasted energy to produce superheated steam for industrial processes. The cogeneration system model was developed based on the data from the Whitby cogeneration power plant in ASPEN PLUS®. The model was validated against the operational data of the existing power plant. The electrical and total (both electrical and thermal) efficiencies were around 40% and 70% (LHV), respectively. It is shown that cogenerating electricity and steam not only significantly improve the general efficiency of the cycle but it can also recover the output and efficiency losses of the gas turbine as a result of high ambient temperature by generating more superheated steam. Furthermore, this work shows that the model could capture the operation of the systems with an acceptable accuracy.

Thermodynamic Study of Humid Air Gas Turbine Cycle Power Plants

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yadav ◽  
P. Sreedhar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Thermodynamic Study ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The major challenges before the design engineers of a gas turbine plant and its variants are the enhancement of power output, substantial reduction in NOx emission and improvement in plant thermal efficiency. There are various possibilities to achieve these objectives and humid air gas turbine cycle power plant is one of them. The present study deals with the thermodynamic study of humid air gas turbine cycle power plants based on first law. Using the modeling and governing equations, the parametric study has been carried out. The results obtained will be helpful in designing the humid air gas turbines, which are used as peaking units. The comparison of performance of humid air gas turbine cycle shows that it is superior to basic gas turbine cycle but inferior and more complex to steam injected cycle.

Parameter Optimization on Combined Gas Turbine-Fuel Cell Power Plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Compressor Pressure Ratio ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
Cycle Efficiency ◽  
Compressor Efficiency

A thermodynamic model for a gas turbine-fuel cell hybrid is created and described in the paper. The effects of gas turbine design parameters such as compressor pressure ratio, compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, and mass flow are considered. The model allows to simulate the effects of fuel cell design parameters such as operating temperature, pressure, fuel utilization, and current density on the cycle efficiency. This paper discusses, based on a parametric study, optimum design parameters for a hybrid gas turbine. Because it is desirable to use existing gas turbine designs for the hybrids, the requirements for this hybridization are considered. Based on performance data for a typical 1600hp industrial single shaft gas turbine, a model to predict the off-design performance is developed. In the paper, two complementary studies are performed: The first study attempts to determine the range of cycle parameters that will lead to a reasonable cycle efficiency. Next, an existing gas turbine, that fits into the previously established range of parameters, will be studied in more detail. Conclusions from this paper include the feasibility of using existing gas turbine designs for the proposed cycle.

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