scholarly journals A Review of Microgrid-Based Approach to Rural Electrification in South Africa: Architecture and Policy Framework

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinny Motjoadi ◽  
Pitshou N. Bokoro ◽  
Moses O. Onibonoje
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Constant Operation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Policies

Access to electricity for every South African citizen, including rural dwellers, is a human right issue guaranteed by the government’s laws and policies. However, many remote rural areas still suffer from a lack of this very important amenity, due to the expensive prospect of connecting them to the central national grid. The feasible approach to connecting the rural communities to electricity supply is suggestively through the use of microgrid solutions. The microgrid technology is a very recent and viable option for the energy revolution. Microgrids result from the incorporation of energy storage systems, distributed generators, and localized loads. The application of this technology requires deliberate and extensive work on the operational architecture and the policy framework to be adopted. The energy storage devices form an integral part of the microgrid configuration or architecture to make sure more maintainable and constant operation is attained. This paper presents a review of the architectures of the existing microgrid systems, as well as the policy framework for implementable solutions. The various architectures display the peculiarity of the systems based on the increased grid performance, stability, quality of electricity, and other comparative advantages. The microgrid architectures are fundamentally recognized according to their AC, DC, or hybrid distribution buses and the complexity inherent to them. In the Policy And Development Section, the problems are treated as ‘a search for the truth’—a truth being revealed by close and objective examination. The core of the problem to be solved is revealed clearly, thereby giving the basis for simplifying and solving it. The policies encourage the accomplishment of a zero-carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, energy security attainment, the meeting of the electricity demand, and, lastly, the promotion of access to electricity in rural areas. It is established that the returns through charges of the consumers are very insignificant. Although returns on investment always come in conflict with the human right demands of the local indigenes, the policy framework would be explicit on the mode of returns for the government, private partners, and the communities—a return that can be short, medium, or long term. Policymakers would be keen on the exhaustive analysis of issues, leading to optimal decision making.

scholarly journals Policy Implementation And The Promotion Of Service Delivery Within The Public Health Sector In South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Melody Brauns ◽  
Malcolm Wallis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

The South African healthcare sector stands at the threshold of major restructuring in an attempt to address inadequacies as a result of fragmentation of health services in apartheid South Africa. The level of health services, particularly in rural areas, has decreased and has led to reduced quality and productivity of health services. For individuals residing in rural communities, access to health services can be arduous. Delivery of essential services has to meet the needs of marginalised people who live in remote areas. The health sector is reputed to be good at formulating policies, discussing ideas, making recommendations, and spending resources, but poor on implementing policies. The government insists that the policy framework is transparent and well-defined and that what is needed is effective implementation. Regrettably, the transition of policy into practice is more complex than the perceived judgement of government. Critical concerns regarding issues about how policy can be effectively implemented and who should be responsible for implementation is one of major concern.

scholarly journals The Initiated of Formation of Linking Social Capital of Community in Creative Tourism Village Dago Pojok, Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Alfrojems Alfrojems ◽  
RR E Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Triyanti Anugrahini ◽  
Adhi Karyono
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Linking Social Capital ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Government Involvement ◽  
The Government

Poverty in rural areas is now reaching an alarming condition, according to the Central Statistics Agency at this time the poor in rural areas dominate the percentage of poverty in Indonesia by 60%. Efforts to improve the welfare of rural communities will not be separated from how people use and maximize their potential, especially in networking relevant to the issue of social capital. Based on the concept of social capital, there is currently a type of social capital linking, which means emphasizing how the community is able to build relationships with parties who have authority, especially in making policy. This is considered to be important to support the development of welfare for the community, especially in the Dago Creative Tourism Village. Based on this, the purpose of this study is how the community initiated the development of social capital linking in the community in Dago Creative Tourism Village. Therefore, based on these objectives, this study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The data collection is done by observation, study of documentation of relevant documents and interviews. In addition interviews were conducted on 15 informants obtained using purposive sampling technique to determine informants. The results of this study indicate that there are several ways in which people initiate government involvement in developing social capital linking, such as community legalizing organizations, people participating in activities organized by the government, and the community providing government opportunities to participate in every activity organized by the government

scholarly journals Model collaborative governance dalam pembangunan desa pada masa covid-19: studi di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Ardian Prabowo ◽  
Mujibur Rahman Khairul Muluk ◽  
Ainul Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Cultural Resilience ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
The Government

At present, the Covid-19 contagious disease outbreak can spread rapidly throughout the world, including Indonesia. Apart from having a negative impact on the health sector, it also impacts the economic, social, cultural, resilience, tourism and other sectors. This can threaten people in rural areas who have gaps in health accessibility and high levels of poverty compared to urban areas. So it is necessary to carry out village economic development, but still protect the health of rural communities from the Covid-19 disaster. This cannot be done by the government alone. Interdisciplinary and field cooperation is required by referring to the principles of collaborative governance. The research objective was to determine the ideal collaborative governance model in village development during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. This method can be studied comprehensively and deeply. The results of this study indicate that in South Lampung Regency there are already several priority activities in the economic and health sectors, some of these priority activities such as Covid-19 Response Village, Village Cash Intensive Work, Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT), and other Infrastructure Development. These priority activities are collaborations carried out by the government, society and business

scholarly journals Partnership Model for Optimizing the Use of Village Funds

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Sarman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Government

Since 2015, the Government has allocated village development funds in the form of Village Fund policies of IDR 20.7 trillion, then in 2016 it increased to IDR 46.9 trillion, and continues to increase in the following years. However, based on field research in a number of regions in Indonesia, it turns out that the use of Village Funds is not optimal, some of which have been proven wrongly targeted, not transparent in use, and not accountable in reporting. The aspect of planning activities and the quality of human resources implementing policies and coordination between parties that should play a role are still a major problem. The PPP (Public-Private Partnership) model is actually intended for the development of large-scale projects, such as the construction of highways or seaports and airports. But by taking the substance of cooperation from the parties that each have strengths, the PPP model (and its variants) may be applicable in the use of Village Funds. Using secondary data analysts, the following article discusses the theoretical aspects of the advantages of the PPP model. This model is juxtaposed with cases of success in building the economic self-reliance of rural communities with the help of private parties and academics. It is assumed that the partnership model can be an alternative solution to further optimize the use of Village Funds in order to reduce poverty in rural areas.  

Integrating Clean Energy Use in National Poverty Reduction Strategies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Ezeanya ◽  
Abel Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Government

The disappearance of Rwanda’s forests and attendant change in climatic conditions prompted the government to explore clean energy alternatives such as biogas. Unlike at any other time in Rwanda’s history, more and more Rwandans in rural areas are becoming owners of cattle because of the Government of Rwanda’s agricultural direct assistance and poverty reduction programme known as Girinka. This chapter focuses on the various strategies employed by the government of Rwanda in achieving increased biogas use among the rural poor Girinka beneficiaries who use cow dung for their domestic biogas plants. Conditions necessary for successful implementation of clean energy pro-poor reforms in rural communities are explored.

Strategic Metamorphoses of ICT Sector for Human Development in India

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meeta Mathur ◽  
Sangeeta Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Natural Monopoly ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Communication Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Levels

As Indian economy gets integrated to the global economy and strives to improve in terms of human development indicators, a special role exists for information and communication technologies (ICT) in this process. The strategic metamorphoses and the resultant expansion of ICT linked telecommunication services in India have favorably influenced the effort to accelerate the pace of human development by enabling equality in access to information, creation of employment, improving the quality of life, better livelihood opportunities in rural areas, growth of agriculture, impetus to business development, environmental management and many more. After the initiation of economic planning in India, telecom services were assumed to be natural monopoly and were provided by one entity without competition. The government launched ambitious ICT infrastructure initiatives, radically changing its communication policy framework. The resultant growth of ICT services in India has led to significant improvement in human development levels. It has led to a reduction in information asymmetry between the rich and the poor, improvement in telecom density and ICT accessibility in rural areas, fostering inclusive growth, providing better access to market information to people in remote and rural areas, facilitating technological leapfrogging, enhancing business networking and offering new opportunities from the perspective of human development.

scholarly journals New agricultural frontiers in post-conflict Sierra Leone? Exploring institutional challenges for wetland management in the Eastern Province

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Maconachie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The Government ◽  
Institutional Challenges

ABSTRACTSierra Leone has recently emerged from a long period of political instability and civil war, and is ranked among the world's poorest countries. Thousands of displaced people are in the process of returning to their villages to rebuild their mainly farming-based livelihoods, and many are growing food crops for the first time in a decade. With pressure on food production increasing in rural areas, the inland valley swamps have been identified by the government as a vital resource for sustaining rural livelihoods and achieving food security through the production of rice and other commodities. However, previous government policies directed at enhanced wetland production have largely failed to achieve their goals, and have been criticised for neglecting the institutional challenges of development. Drawing on recent fieldwork carried out in two rural communities in the Eastern Province, this paper considers how institutional arrangements function in Sierra Leone's swamp wetlands, and explores how stresses associated with a post-conflict environment are shaping land-use decisions and mediating access to resources in new ways. The findings of the enquiry have implications for Sierra Leone's recently adopted commitment to decentralisation, a move that has, in theory, seen the state strengthen its position at the local level, and will allegedly create new spaces for increased interaction between state agencies, traditional leaders and communities. Two institutional challenges are examined – access to land and access to labour – that must be addressed if decentralised reforms to resource management are to be effective for wetland rice production. The analysis concludes by considering one recent initiative at the forefront of efforts to decentralise the Ministry of Agriculture, the ‘Agricultural Business Unit’ (ABU) initiative, to elucidate some of the challenges faced in post-conflict wetland rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The Role of Community Radio in Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises (MSMEs) in Rural Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Heru Irianto ◽  
Haryono Haryono ◽  
Dewi Amartanai ◽  
J. Andy Hartanto ◽  
Rr Herini Siti Aisyah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Community Radio ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Information Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Radio Broadcast

The problem of economic empowerment of rural society is very complex because of various rural conditions with various limitations such as education level, skill, and lack of facilities and infrastructures among others are communication means which are expected to be able to bridge to interact in dealing with various problems in rural areas. The means of communication that can reach all the inferior rural areas is community radio. Radio as an information media has a strategic role in synergizing various resources and elements of both the government, private, community, college. Community radio can bring the distance between the various gaps that exist in rural communities. With the program of radio broadcast interactive dialogue will be an educational process to the community because there will be an exchange of ideas and education that can involve many parties and the community umm in solving various problems faced by the community; both in the strategic, tactical and technical levels that are mutually beneficial so that there will be mutualist symbiosis. Thus the sustainability of community economic empowerment activities will be more guaranteed sustainability.

scholarly journals Economic Value of Equalization of Access and ICT Infrastructure for Rural Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Vidyantina Heppy Anandhita
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
It Business Value ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government

<p><em>The government has initiated access and telecommunication infrastructure equalization program in Indonesia by deploying BTS to provide signals in the frontier, outermost, and least developed (3T) regions and providing rural internet access services. Government investment through the provision of telecommunications and internet access in rural areas is expected to be able to provide economic benefits for improving the people’s welfare. This study aims to identify the economic benefits of equitable access and infrastructure in rural areas (mainly 3T villages) with the Ranti Generic IS/IT Business Value Table. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that in ideal conditions, equitable access to the internet and telecommunications infrastructure can contribute directly to cost efficiency for rural communities by reducing distribution costs and telecommunications costs. Also, the use of telecommunications and internet access can improve the people’s welfare by increasing business capacity and expanding market segmentation.</em></p>

scholarly journals Partnership Model For Optimizing The Use of Village Funds

2019 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Sarman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Government

Since 2015, the Government has allocated village development funds in the form of Village Fund policies of IDR 20.7 trillion, then in 2016 it increased to IDR 46.9 trillion, and continues to increase in the following years. However, based on field research in a number of regions in Indonesia, it turns out that the use of Village Funds is not optimal, some of which have been proven wrongly targeted, not transparent in use, and not accountable in reporting. The aspect of planning activities and the quality of human resources implementing policies and coordination between parties that should play a role are still a major problem. The PPP (Public-Private Partnership) model is actually intended for the development of large-scale projects, such as the construction of highways or seaports and airports. But by taking the substance of cooperation from the parties that each have strengths, the PPP model (and its variants) may be applicable in the use of Village Funds. Using secondary data analysts, the following article discusses the theoretical aspects of the advantages of the PPP model. This model is juxtaposed with cases of success in building the economic self-reliance of rural communities with the help of private parties and academics. It is assumed that the partnership model can be an alternative solution to further optimize the use of Village Funds in order to reduce poverty in rural areas.

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