scholarly journals Performance Indexes of an Air-Water Heat Pump Versus the Capacity Ratio: Analysis by Means of Experimental Data

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3391
Author(s):  
Roberto Bruno ◽  
Francesco Nicoletti ◽  
Giorgio Cuconati ◽  
Stefania Perrella ◽  
Daniela Cirone
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Capacity Ratio ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Real Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Set Up

The spread of near-Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) involves the employment of high performant air-conditioning plants where renewable sources can be integrated easily. In this context, heat pumps appear as a promising solution given their ability to exploit aerothermal, hydrothermal and geothermal sources and to supply both heating and cooling loads with the same device. In order to evaluate the energy performances in transient conditions, the actual winter (COP) and summer (EER) performance indexes, in the function of the sources’ temperatures and the capacity ratio (CR), have to be available. Nevertheless, heat pump manufactures often provide the trend of the performance indexes in the function of the temperatures of the sources specifically for nominal conditions, whereas the dependence of the performance indexes in the function of CR, that takes into account the part-load operation, is almost always not provided. Alternatively, specific technical standards suggest the use of a correction factor to modify nominal COP and EER for the attainment of the real performance indexes. In this paper, by using data from an experimental set-up equipped with air-water heat pumps, these correlations were tested and tuned. Winter results showed that correction factors suggested by standards have to be modified in the presence of a storage system. In summer, instead, a new correlation was developed to find a function between nominal and actual EERs in the function of CR by exploiting a similar approach employed for the COP calculation.

scholarly journals Experiment Study on Performance of Air Source Heat Pump

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
Wei Xiu Shi ◽  
Li Sheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Temperature ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Set Up

Under the situation of energy crisis, air source heat pumps are paid more attention recently. In order to save energy, the feasibility and performance of air source heat pump are studied by experiment, and variation laws of exhaust temperature, evaporator outlet temperature and outlet presser of compressor were analyzed in this paper. Air source heat pump apparatus were set up and the experiment was during 10°C, 20°C, 30°C and 40°C. The results were as follows: exhaust temperature of compressor increases gradually with the increase of tank temperature, but the temperature difference between exhaust temperature of compressor and tank temperature becomes little; temperature difference in evaporator decreases; Compressor outlet pressure increases obviously.

scholarly journals Heat pump systems: A mini review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omar Temori ◽  
František Vranay
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Reduce Electricity Consumption

In this work, a mini review of heat pumps is presented. The work is intended to introduce a technology that can be used to income energy from the natural environment and thus reduce electricity consumption for heating and cooling. A heat pump is a mechanical device that transfers heat from one environmental compartment to another, typically against a temperature gradient (i.e. from cool to hot). In order to do this, an energy input is required: this may be mechanical, electrical or thermal energy. In most modern heat pumps, electrical energy powers a compressor, which drives a compression - expansion cycle of refrigerant fluid between two heat exchanges: a cold evaporator and a warm condenser. The efficiency or coefficient of performance (COP), of a heat pump is defined as the thermal output divided by the primary energy (electricity) input. The COP decreases as the temperature difference between the cool heat source and the warm heat sink increases. An efficient ground source heat pump (GSHP) may achieve a COP of around 4. Heat pumps are ideal for exploiting low-temperature environmental heat sources: the air, surface waters or the ground. They can deliver significant environmental (CO2) and cost savings.

scholarly journals A European Database of Building Energy Profiles to Support the Design of Ground Source Heat Pumps

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Carnieletto ◽  
Borja Badenes ◽  
Marco Belliardi ◽  
Adriana Bernardi ◽  
Samantha Graci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Profiles ◽  
Ground Source

The design of ground source heat pumps is a fundamental step to ensure the high energy efficiency of heat pump systems throughout their operating years. To enhance the diffusion of ground source heat pump systems, two different tools are developed in the H2020 research project named, “Cheap GSHPs”: A design tool and a decision support system. In both cases, the energy demand of the buildings may not be calculated by the user. The main input data, to evaluate the size of the borehole heat exchangers, is the building energy demand. This paper presents a methodology to correlate energy demand, building typologies, and climatic conditions for different types of residential buildings. Rather than envelope properties, three insulation levels have been considered in different climatic conditions to set up a database of energy profiles. Analyzing European climatic test reference years, 23 locations have been considered. For each location, the overall energy and the mean hourly monthly energy profiles for heating and cooling have been calculated. Pre-calculated profiles are needed to size generation systems and, in particular, ground source heat pumps. For this reason, correlations based on the degree days for heating and cooling demand have been found in order to generalize the results for different buildings. These correlations depend on the Köppen–Geiger climate scale.

Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Systems: A Review of Existing Studies and Their Applicability to the Canadian Residential Sector

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Chu ◽  
Cynthia A. Cruickshank
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
System Configurations

Heat pumps are commonly used for space-heating and cooling requirements. The combination of solar thermal and heat pump systems as a single solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) system is a promising technology for offsetting domestic hot water, space-heating and cooling loads more efficiently. Task 44 of the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme of the International Energy Agency is currently investigating ways to optimize SAHP systems for residential use. This paper presents a review of past and current work conducted on SAHP systems. Specifically, the key performance data from many studies are highlighted and different system configurations are compared in order to establish insight towards which system configurations are suitable for the Canadian residential sector. It was found that the most suitable configuration for Canadian residential buildings depend on a combination of factors which may include occupant behavior, building characteristics, operation parameters, system components, the performance criteria of interest and climate. A large variety of configurations and parameters exist for SAHP systems and this made analyzing a specific system, comparing differing systems and establishing an optimal design fairly difficult. It was found that different authors used various different performance criterions and this inconsistency also added to the difficulty of comparing the studies of different systems. Overall, a standard performance criterion needs to be established for SAHP systems in order to meaningfully compare different configurations and determine optimal configurations for certain requirements.

scholarly journals Modeling of an Air Conditioning System with Geothermal Heat Pump for a Residential Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cocchi ◽  
Sonia Castellucci ◽  
Andrea Tucci
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Geothermal Heat Pump ◽  
Geothermal Plant

The need to address climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions attaches great importance to research aimed at using renewable energy. Geothermal energy is an interesting alternative concerning the production of energy for air conditioning of buildings (heating and cooling), through the use of geothermal heat pumps. In this work a model has been developed in order to simulate an air conditioning system with geothermal heat pump. A ground source heat pump (GSHP) uses the shallow ground as a source of heat, thus taking advantage of its seasonally moderate temperatures. GSHP must be coupled with geothermal exchangers. The model leads to design optimization of geothermal heat exchangers and to verify the operation of the geothermal plant.

scholarly journals PVT and ETC Coupling for Annual Heating and Cooling by Absorption Heat Pumps

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7042
Author(s):  
Marco Noro ◽  
Renato Lazzarin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Absorption Chiller ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cold Source ◽  
Temperature Levels

Until recently, solar assisted heat pumps have used solar collectors as a cold source. Solar collectors provide, when possible, direct heat, otherwise they offer temperature levels to the heat pump evaporator higher than the outside air. At the same time, solar thermal cooling exploits the solar collectors and the absorption chiller only in hot months. Photovoltaic/Thermal (PVT) modules have been available on the market in recent years for solar cogeneration, but their utilization can be problematic due to PhotoVoltaic (PV) cell damage in cases where there is no heating request. This paper considers the possibility of coupling evacuated tube collectors and photovoltaic/thermal modules to drive an absorption heat pump-based plant operating as an absorption chiller in the summertime. The cold source is the solar energy and the ground, which is recharged by the solar thermal and photovoltaic/thermal collectors and by the cooling of the absorber-condenser in mid-seasons and summer. This study analyzes the system behavior in yearly operation and evaluates the role of suitable storage tanks in two different climates, varying the size of the two solar fields and the generator tank. In the best plant configuration, a primary energy ratio of 26.6 in colder climates with cloudy skies and 20 in hotter climates with clearer skies is obtained.

scholarly journals District Power-To-Heat/Cool Complemented by Sewage Heat Recovery

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Aprile ◽  
Rossano Scoccia ◽  
Alice Dénarié ◽  
Pál Kiss ◽  
Marcell Dombrovszky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Heating And Cooling

District heating and cooling (DHC), when combined with waste or renewable energy sources, is an environmentally sound alternative to individual heating and cooling systems in buildings. In this work, the theoretical energy and economic performances of a DHC network complemented by compression heat pump and sewage heat exchanger are assessed through dynamic, year-round energy simulations. The proposed system comprises also a water storage and a PV plant. The study stems from the operational experience on a DHC network in Budapest, in which a new sewage heat recovery system is in place and provided the experimental base for assessing main operational parameters of the sewage heat exchanger, like effectiveness, parasitic energy consumption and impact of cleaning. The energy and economic potential is explored for a commercial district in Italy. It is found that the overall seasonal COP and EER are 3.10 and 3.64, while the seasonal COP and EER of the heat pump alone achieve 3.74 and 4.03, respectively. The economic feasibility is investigated by means of the levelized cost of heating and cooling (LCOHC). With an overall LCOHC between 79.1 and 89.9 €/MWh, the proposed system can be an attractive solution with respect to individual heat pumps.

Dynamic modelling of solar storage system: a case study of leisure centre

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Seyed Masoud Sajjadian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System A ◽  
North Wales ◽  
The Uk

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the advantages of a solar store system with transpired solar air collector (TSC) in North Wales, UK. The collectors are designed as a proposal to meet the target of the solar air storage and heating project to improve the efficiency of solar collectors in the UK. Design/methodology/approach – IES software simulation is used to examine the potential of a solar store system in Deeside Leisure Centre compared to the traditional constant air volume (CAV) system and CAV system with heat pump. The design parameters and configurations are determined on the basis of the monitoring results gained from recent experiments. Findings – The result demonstrates good agreement between simulations and monitoring results and the solar store system demonstrates considerably lower energy consumption compared to the traditional CAV system with and without heat pump. Originality/value – The usage of TSC is proven to be useful in improving COP of the heat pumps and reducing overall energy consumption in a leisure center. The framework proposed in this study could also be applied to different building types in order to highlight their advantages.

scholarly journals Practical study on heat pump enhancement by the solar energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01069
Author(s):  
Omar Abdulhadi Mustafa Almohammed ◽  
Farida Mizkhatovna Philippova ◽  
Fouad Ibrahim Alhajj Hassan ◽  
Nail Farilovich Timerbaev ◽  
Anatoliy Anatolyevich Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Technical College ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Additional Heat ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Positive Effect

The heat pumps system is one of the most remarkable system that is widely used around the world, their capacity is different according to necessity. The energy consumption in those systems will limit their effectiveness. This study will try to prove the positive reactance of the new changes (the additional heat exchanger) on the heat pump work, where the power consumption will reduce about (13-17%). The study includes the experimental results of the laboratory model, which has been manufactured in the laboratories of the technical college of Mosul/Northern technical university-Iraq. The model consists of the heat pump that was improved by using the additional heat exchanger, its duty is to heat the refrigerant before entering the compressor, by using solar energy. The results of this work prove the positive effect of the additional heat exchanger, on the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, in both modes of heating and cooling. The conclusions are useful to the industries that deal with heat pumps.

Development of design guidelines for thermo-active foundations

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung C. Kwag ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

Ground medium can be utilized as a direct energy source to heat and cool buildings. In particular, ground source heat pump systems take advantage of the year-round mild deep earth temperature without a significant reliance on any external energy sources. However, the high installation cost of ground source heat pumps associated with high drilling cost of vertical boreholes often make these systems less cost-effective compared to conventional heating and cooling systems. Thermo-active foundations can be a viable solution to reduce ground source heat pump high installation costs by embedding heat exchangers within building foundation structures. Compared to ground source heat pumps, only limited analyses and research studies have been reported for thermo-active foundations especially for the US climates. In particular, no specific design guidelines have been reported for thermo-active foundations especially for US climates. In this paper, a simplified design approach was developed and applied for specifying geothermal heat pump size and heat exchanger loop length to meet all or part of building heat and cooling thermal loads. The developed guidelines would thus provide a proper design guide for installation of thermo-active foundations for heating and cooling of both US residential and commercial buildings.

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