scholarly journals Detailing the Self-Discharge of a Cathode Based on a Prussian Blue Analogue

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 4027
Author(s):  
Elisa Musella ◽  
Angelo Mullaliu ◽  
Thomas Ruf ◽  
Paula Huth ◽  
Domenica Tonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Redox System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues

Prussian Blue analogues (PBAs) are a promising class of electrode active materials for batteries. Among them, copper nitroprusside, Cu[Fe(CN)5NO], has recently been investigated for its peculiar redox system, which also involves the nitrosyl ligand as a non-innocent ligand, in addition to the electroactivity of the metal sites, Cu and Fe. This paper studies the dynamics of the electrode, employing surface sensitive X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and bulk sensitive X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques. XPS provided chemical information on the layers formed on electrode surfaces following the self-discharge process of the cathode material in the presence of the electrolyte. These layers consist mainly of electrolyte degradation products, such as LiF, LixPOyFz and LixPFy. Moreover, as evidenced by XAS and XPS, reduction at both metal sites takes place in the bulk and in the surface of the material, clearly evidencing that a self-discharge process is occurring. We observed faster processes and higher amounts of reduced species and decomposition products in the case of samples with a higher amount of coordination water.

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes/Al2O3 Inorganic Hybrid Material - A Bio-Inspired Poly(Dopamine) Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Wen Cai Wang ◽  
Yong Lai Lu ◽  
Li Qun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
The Self ◽  
Liquid Phase Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cnts Surface

Carbon nanotubes/alumina (CNTs/Al2O3) nanocomposites were prepared by the poly (dopamine) assisted chemical liquid phase deposition (CLPD). The poly (dopamine) layers were firstly coated on the CNTs surface uniformly by the self-oxidative polymerization of dopamine in mild aqueous solution and then the Al2O3 nanoparticles formed on the poly (dopamine) coated CNTs surface by the CLPD. The hydrophilic poly (dopamine) layers on the CNTs surface can improve the dispersion of CNTs in aqueous solution. Moreover, it can be used as a key linker between the CNTs and Al2O3 because of the nitrogen-containing group in poly (dopamine) could coordinate with Al3+ ions. The as-prepared poly (dopamine) coated CNTs and CNTs/Al2O3 nanohybrids were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-radial diffractometer (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). These results showed that the poly (dopamine) layers were coated on the surface of CNTs uniformly, and the Al2O3 nanoparticles embellished with the poly (dopamine) coated CNTs surface. Compared with pristine NR composites, the thermal conductivity of the as-prepared NR/CNTs@Al2O3 composites increased 17%.

In situ XRF analysis of Cs adsorption by the precipitation bands of Prussian blue analogues formed in agarose gels

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Hayashi ◽  
Yui Sato ◽  
Saya Aoki ◽  
Mao Takaishi
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Agarose Gels ◽  
Xrf Analysis ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
Xrf Spectroscopy

The measurement of Cs adsorption by the precipitation bands of Mn-based Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), Co-based PBAs, and Prussian blue (PB), which were spontaneously formed in agarose gel, was carried out using in situ X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Synchrotron-Radiation X-Ray Investigation of Li+/Na+Intercalation into Prussian Blue Analogues

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Moritomo ◽  
Masamitsu Takachi ◽  
Yutaro Kurihara ◽  
Tomoyuki Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Structural Investigation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
The Stability ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Discharge Curves

Prussian blue analogies (PBAs) are promising cathode materials for lithium ion (LIB) and sodium ion (SIB) secondary batteries, reflecting their covalent and nanoporous host structure. With use of synchrotron-radiation (SR) X-ray source, we investigated the structural and electronic responses of the host framework of PBAs against Li+and Na+intercalation by means of the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The structural investigation reveals a robust nature of the host framework against Li+and Na+intercalation, which is advantageous for the stability and lifetime of the batteries. The spectroscopic investigation identifies the redox processes in respective plateaus in the discharge curves. We further compare these characteristics with those of the conventional cathode materials, such as, LiCoO2, LiFePO4, and LiMn2O4.

scholarly journals Metal-to-ligand and ligand-to-metal charge transfer in thin films of Prussian blue analogues investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (38) ◽  
pp. 5882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Bonhommeau ◽  
Niko Pontius ◽  
Saioa Cobo ◽  
Lionel Salmon ◽  
Frank M. F. de Groot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Charge ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Metal Charge Transfer

scholarly journals X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy on Copper Trace Impurities on Silicon Wafers

2002 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Singh ◽  
Katharina Baur ◽  
Sean Brennan ◽  
Takayuki Homma ◽  
Nobuhiro Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Chemical State ◽  
Incidence Geometry ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Absorption

AbstractTrace metal contamination during wet cleaning processes on silicon wafer surfaces is a detrimental effect that impairs device performance and yield. Determining the chemical state of deposited impurities helps in understanding how silicon surfaces interact with chemical species in cleaning solutions. However, since impurity concentrations of interest to the semiconductor industry are so low, conventional techniques such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy cannot be applied. Nonetheless, chemical information on trace levels of contaminants can be determined with x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) in a grazing incidence geometry. In this study, silicon samples were dipped in ultra pure water (UPW) and 2% hydrofluoric (HF) solutions with copper concentrations of 5 and 1000 ppb, respectively. These samples were then analyzed using XANES in fluorescence yield mode to determine the oxidation state of deposited copper contaminants. It was found that copper impurities on the silicon surface from HF solution were metal in character while copper impurities deposited from the spiked UPW solution were deposited as an oxide. These results show that XANES can provide information on the chemical state of trace impurities even at surface concentrations below a few thousandths of a monolayer.

scholarly journals Removal of Cesium and Strontium From Radioactive Wastewater by Prussian Blue Nanorods

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuqing Yao ◽  
Yaodong Dai ◽  
Shuquan Chang ◽  
Haiqian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radioactive Wastewater ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Solvothermal Methods

Abstract In this work, novel Prussian blue tetragonal nanorods were prepared by template-free solvothermal methods for removal of radionuclide Cs and Sr. It was worth that Prussian blue nanorods exhibited the better adsorption performance than co-precipitation PB or Prussian blue analogue composites. Thermodynamic analysis implied that adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic which was described well with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order equation, the maximum adsorption capacity of PB nanorod was estimated to be 194.26 mg g-1 and 256.62 mg g-1 for Cs+ and Sr2+. The adsorption mechanism of Cs+ and Sr2+ was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and 57Fe Mössbaure spectroscopy, the results revealed that Cs+ entered in PB crystal to generate a new phase, the most of Sr2+ was trapped in internal crystal and the other exchanged Fe2+. Furthermore, the effect of co-existing ions and pH for PB adsorption process were also investigated. The results suggest that PB nanorods were outstanding candidate for removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ from radioactive wastewater.

scholarly journals Comparing electrochemical analysis and particle induced X-ray emission measurements of Prussian Blue Analogue deposits

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Joffre ◽  
Paul A. DeYoung ◽  
Jennifer R. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Electrochemical Measurement ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Charge Storage ◽  
Nickel Hexacyanoferrate ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogue ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Electrochemically Active

AbstractPrussian Blue Analogues are of major interest for their use in alternative battery technologies due to their charge storing ability with a long life cycle. In this work the Prussian Blue Analogue nickel hexacyanoferrate (Ni-HCF) was produced using an all electrochemical method. Creating charge storing materials with electrochemical processes provides a new approach to the development of battery-like materials. These methods have not been commonly employed because the charge storing material yield is not directly known. The charge storage of the Ni-HCF was characterized with two different methods which provided a measure of the electrochemically active Fe present. These were then compared with the Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) method which measured the total amount of Fe present. By comparing the electrochemical measurement of active Fe to the total Fe as measured by PIXE, the percentage of material that is active in the charge storage was determined. This enables an independent calculation of the specific charge capacity of the material for comparison to other battery technologies.

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