scholarly journals Diesel Engine Performance, Emissions and Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel and Its Blends Derived from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Cooking Oil

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5708
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mohamed ◽  
Chee-Keong Tan ◽  
Ali Fouda ◽  
Mohammed Saber Gad ◽  
Osayed Abu-Elyazeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Blend Ratios

This paper first describes a slow catalytic pyrolysis process used for synthesizing biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) as a feedstock. The influence of variations in the catalyst type (sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide), and catalyst concentration (0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0 and 10.0% by weight) on both the pyrolysis temperature range and biodiesel yield were investigated. The results suggested that sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was more effective than potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalysts and that the highest yield (around 70 wt.%) was observed for a NaOH concentration of about 1 wt.% The resultant pyrolysis temperature range was also significantly lower for NaOH catalyst, thus suggesting overall lower energy consumption. Compared to conventional diesel, the synthesized biodiesel exhibited relatively similar physical properties and calorific value. The biodiesel was subsequently blended with diesel fuel in different blend ratios of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% by volume of biodiesel and were later tested in a compression ignition engine. Brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption were observed to be worse with biodiesel fuel blends particularly at higher engine load above 50%. However, NOx emission generally decreased with increasing blend ratio across all engine load, with greater reduction observed at higher engine load. Similar observation can also be concluded for CO emission. In contrast, lower hydrocarbon (HC) emission from the biodiesel fuel blends was only observed for blend ratios no higher than 40%. Particulate emission from the biodiesel fuel blends did not pose an issue given its comparable smoke opacity to diesel observed during the engine test. The in-cylinder peak pressures, temperature and heat release rate of biodiesel fuel blends were lower than diesel. Overall, biodiesel fuel blends exhibited shorter ignition delays when compared to diesel fuel.

The Effects of Storage Duration on Biodiesel Derived from Waste Cooking Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazwan Azman ◽  
Mirnah Suardi ◽  
Amir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
The Impact

The use of fossil fuels as energy sources has grown to significantly be likely to have a major environmental impact. Reduction of world oil reserves and increasing environmental concerns have prompted alternative is found and renewable source of energy called biodiesel. Biodiesel fuel from vegetable oil is considered as the best candidates for diesel fuel replacement in diesel engines because of its closer. Fuel prices are going up day by day in the world. Thus, the means and methods have been trying for years to get fuel alternative outcomes. This study investigated the effects of different storage periods used in quality biodiesel blends (B5, B10, B15) of waste cooking oil and diesel fuel under low temperature and the temperature of the environment. Biodiesel samples were stored in glass containers under indoor conditions, and outdoor conditions for 10 weeks in total. These samples were monitored on a weekly basis through the test properties. The experimental density, viscosity, acid value, water content and flash point discussed in detail. Biodiesel storage at low temperatures is suitable and more advantageous because the impact on the physical properties is minimal and beneficial to slow down the degradation of biodiesel and storage.

Impact of Diesel-Butanol-Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends on Stationary Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
H. Sharon ◽  
Joel Jackson R. ◽  
Prabha C.
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emission ◽  
Smoke Opacity

Feed stock cost and NOX emission are the major barriers for commercialization of biodiesel. Waste cooking oil is well identified as one of the cheapest feed stocks for biodiesel production. This chapter reduces NOX emission of waste cooking oil biodiesel. Test fuel blends are prepared by mixing diesel (20 to 50 v/v%), butanol (5 v/v%), and waste cooking oil biodiesel (45 to 75 v/v%). Fuel properties of waste cooking oil biodiesel are enhanced due to addition of diesel and butanol. Brake specific energy consumption of the blends is higher than diesel fuel. Harmful emissions like carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, and smoke opacity are lower for blends than diesel fuel. Increasing biodiesel concentration in blend also reduces hydrocarbon emission to a significant extent. The obtained results justify the suitability of proposed cheap blends for diesel engine emission reduction.

Effect of compression ratio variation and waste cooking oil methyl ester on the combustion and emission characteristics of an engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1257-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Hojati ◽  
Alireza Shirneshan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Blends

In this research, a thermodynamic zero-dimensional model has been done to predict performance characteristics (in-cylinder pressure, heat released, and the thermal efficiency) of a diesel engine with the use of biodiesel–diesel fuel blends (B0, B20, B50, B80, and B100) at different compression ratios (14, 15, 16, 17, and 18). The corresponding mathematical and thermodynamic relationships have been solved in MATLAB. Based on the experimental tests, it was found that the developed model can predict the engine variables sufficiently. According to the results, the heat release rate and the cylinder pressure increased for all fuel blends by an increase in the compression ratio. Moreover, with the increasing biodiesel amount in the fuel blend (up to 50%) heat release rate and the cylinder pressure increased but these variables have a reduction when biodiesel percentage increases from 50 to 100 due to the lower heating value of waste cooking oil methyl ester in comparison with neat diesel fuel. Moreover, according to the experimental tests, carbon monoxide emission was reduced when biodiesel proportion increased in the fuel blend but the nitrogen oxides emitted from the engine enhanced when biodiesel amount in the fuel mixture increased. According to the results, it can be concluded that B50 has better combustion characteristics among all fuel blends.

scholarly journals COMBUSTION STUDY OF WASTE COOKING OIL BIODIESEL IN AN OIL BURNER

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Nur Fatin Amiera Nik Aziz ◽  
Mazlan Said ◽  
Muhammad Syahiran Abdul Malik ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd. Jaafar ◽  
Norazila Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Lower Temperature

Depletion of fossil fuels, concerns on environment, and fuel price fluctuation have become the major drives in searching for sustainable alternative fuel. In that regard, a study was conducted to evaluate the combustion performance of Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) converted into biodiesel and blended with Conventional Diesel Fuel (CDF) as a mean of sustainable replacement for diesel fuel. In this study, the production of biodiesel fuel from waste cooking oil was done via transesterification process, using the single step approach. The properties of the WCO biodiesel was characterized. The combustion performance of the produced fuels has been studied for B10 and B30 biodiesel from WCO and CDF (as baseline) based on their wall temperature profiles and gaseous emissions generated such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). It was found that the B30 WCO biodiesel emits lower emission compared to CDF but at the same time generates a lower temperature profile.

Study on the thermophysical properties of waste cooking oil biodiesel fuel blends with 1-butanol

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 119540
Author(s):  
Rachid Ait Belale ◽  
Fatima Ezzahrae M'hamdi Alaoui ◽  
Younes Chhiti ◽  
Abdelaziz Sahibeddine ◽  
Natalia Munoz Rujas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Blends

Estimation of Recoverable Household Waste Cooking Oil and Life Cycle Analysis of Biodiesel Fuel Production

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotsugu KAMAHARA ◽  
Shun YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Ryuichi TACHIBANA ◽  
Naohiro GOTO ◽  
Koichi FUJIE
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Cooking Oil

Engine Performance with Diesel-Biodiesel Blends Fuel and Emission Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5A) ◽  
pp. 779-788
Author(s):  
Marwa N. Kareem ◽  
Adel M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Hc Emissions

In this study, the sunflowers oil was utilized as for producing biodiesel via a chemical operation, which is called trans-esterification reaction. Iraqi diesel fuel suffers from high sulfur content, which makes it one of the worst fuels in the world. This study is an attempt to improve the fuel specifications by reducing the sulfur content of the addition of biodiesel fuel to diesel where this fuel is free of sulfur and has a thermal energy that approaches to diesel.20%, 30% and 50% of Biodiesel fuel were added to the conventional diesel. Performance tests and pollutants of a four-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine were performed. The results indicated that the brake thermal efficiency a decreased by (4%, 16%, and 22%) for the B20, B30 and B50, respectively. The increase in specific fuel consumption was (60%, 33%, and 11%) for the B50, B30, and B20 fuels, respectively for the used fuel blends compared to neat diesel fuel. The engine exhaust gas emissions measures manifested a decreased of CO and HC were CO decreased by (13%), (39%) and (52%), and the HC emissions were lower by (6.3%), (32%), and (46%) for B20, B30 and B50 respectively, compared to diesel fuel. The reduction of exhaust gas temperature was (7%), (14%), and (32%) for B20, B30 and B50 respectively. The NOx emission increased with the increase in biodiesel blends ratio. For B50, the raise was (29.5%) in comparison with diesel fuel while for B30 and B20, the raise in the emissions of NOx was (18%) and...

Novel approaches for the production of bio-diesel using waste vegetable oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 3419
Author(s):  
Mohan Reddy Nalabolu* ◽  
Varaprasad Bobbarala ◽  
Mahesh Kandula
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Carbon Residue ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Cooking Oil

At the present moment worldwide waning fossil fuel resources as well as the tendency for developing new renewable biofuels have shifted the interest of the society towards finding novel alternative fuel sources. Biofuels have been put forward as one of a range of alternatives with lower emissions and a higher degree of fuel security and gives potential opportunities for rural and regional communities. Biodiesel has a great potential as an alternative diesel fuel. In this work, biodiesel was prepared from waste cooking oil it was converted into biodiesel through single step transesterification. Methanol with Potassium hydroxide as a catalyst was used for the transesterification process. The biodiesel was characterized by its fuel properties including acid value, cloud and pour points, water content, sediments, oxidation stability, carbon residue, flash point, kinematic viscosity, density according to IS: 15607-05 standards. The viscosity of the waste cooking oil biodiesel was found to be 4.05 mm2/sec at 400C. Flash point was found to be 1280C, water and sediment was 236mg/kg, 0 % respectively, carbon residue was 0.017%, total acid value was 0.2 mgKOH/g, cloud point was 40C and pour point was 120C. The results showed that one step transesterification was better and resulted in higher yield and better fuel properties. The research demonstrated that biodiesel obtained under optimum conditions from waste cooking oil was of good quality and could be used as a diesel fuel.

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