scholarly journals Economic Energy Efficiency of Food Production Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5826
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Bajan ◽  
Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska ◽  
Walenty Poczta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
High Level

The current global population growth forecast carries with it a global increase in demand for food. In order to meet this demand, it is necessary to increase production, which requires an increase in energy consumption. However, forecasted energy production growth is insufficient and traditional sources of energy are limited; hence, it is necessary to strive for greater energy efficiency in food production systems. The study aimed to compare the economic energy efficiency of food production systems in selected countries and identify the sources of diversification in this field. As a measure of energy efficiency, the indicators of the energy intensity of food production were used in this study. To calculate these indicators, a method based on input-output life-cycle assessment assumptions was used, which enables researchers to obtain fully comparable results between countries. The study showed that despite an increase in energy consumption in the food production systems of the analyzed countries by an average of 27%, from 19.3 EJ to 24.5 EJ, from 2000 to 2014, their energy intensity decreased, on average, by more than 18%, from 8.5 MJ/USD to 6.9 MJ/USD. This means that energy efficiency improvements are possible even under conditions of increased energy consumption, which in turn, means that food production can increase significantly. In the case of developed countries, the main inefficiencies are found in agricultural production, while in developing countries, they are observed in the food industry. Decision-makers should also pay attention to the high level of energy intensity that results from the supply of inputs to agriculture and the food industry because there is great potential for the improvement of energy efficiency in this field, especially because energy consumption associated with supply constitutes a major part of total consumption in the food production systems of developed countries.

scholarly journals Statistical Assessment of Energy Efficiency of Production and Consumption of Energy Resources in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Deina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Services ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
High Level

Energy independence of the country - one of the key links of the economy policy of many countries, including Ukraine, which full high-quality functioning of economy depends on. Full functioning of all economic institutes is possible only at reliable providing of fuel and energy resources. Economy life in general fades without skillful and rational use of energy resources. One of the main objectives of sustained economic growth and ensuring energy independence is connected with need of achievement of high, competitive level of efficiency of use of fuel and energy resources. Complex assessment of efficiency of production and consumption of energy resources provides use of a set of the indicators characterizing versatility and complexity of energy efficiency category. The method of multidimensional average has been used for calculation of complex assessment of energy efficiency, at the same time the following indicators have been chosen: energy intensity of GDP, export and import of energy resources, production and consumption of energy resources, investments into the energy complex, oil prices, tariffs for natural gas and the electricity for the population, a share of natural gas in the structure of energy consumption and so on. Complex assessment of efficiency of production and consumption of energy resources is executed on two blocks - for producers and for consumers (population). Extremely low level of energy efficiency for both producers and consumers (population) of energy services during 2010-2016 is observed. At the same time factors which influence the low level of integrated assessment of energy efficiency of production and consumption of energy resources are revealed. Achievements of the actual levels of integrated coefficients of energy efficiency substantially depended recently on introduction of extensive factors of development. Such situation has negative effect on achievement of energy independence of Ukraine. The current state of efficiency of production and consumption of energy resources is characterized by existence of a wide range of problems. It is possible to distinguish the lack of the principles of resource-saving of producers and economical use at consumers of energy services/ It results to very high level of energy consumption, the high level of energy intensity, the need to import of fuel and energy resources from other countries because of insufficiency of own production, the low level of income of consumers and groundlessness of increase in tariffs for energy services that promotes increase in level of debt of the population for the provided services and an unprofitable financial condition of the enterprises of the energy complex.

scholarly journals Threshold Effect of Economic Growth on Energy Intensity—Evidence from 21 Developed Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4199
Author(s):  
Jinjin Zhou ◽  
Zenglin Ma ◽  
Taoyuan Wei ◽  
Chang Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
D Investment ◽  
Threshold Point

Based on threshold regression models, this paper analyzes the effect of economic growth on energy intensity by using panel data from 21 developed countries from 1996 to 2015. Results show that a 1% increase in GDP per capita can lead to a 0.62–0.78% reduction in energy intensity, implying economic growth can significantly reduce energy intensity. The extent of the reduction in energy intensity varies depending on the economic development stages represented by key influencing factors including energy mix in consumption, urbanization, industrial structure, and technological progress. Specifically, the reduction in energy intensity due to economic growth can be enhanced with relatively more renewable energy consumption and more urban population until a threshold point, where the enhancement disappears. On the other hand, the extent of the energy intensity reduction due to economic growth can be weakened with relatively more tertiary industry activities and more research and development (R&D) investment in an economy until a threshold point, where the weakening cannot continue. However, compared to the early stages represented by the low ends of renewable energy consumption, urban population, tertiary industry activities, and R&D investment, the later stages represented by the high ends of these key factors after a threshold show the weakened effect of economic growth on the decline of energy intensity. Hence, when an economy is well-developed, policy makers are advised to put fewer expectations on the role of economic growth to reduce energy intensity, while pursuing relatively cleaner energy, greater urbanization, more tertiary industry activities, and advanced technologies.

Research on Energy Efficiency and Environmental Pollution in China: a Simultaneous Equations Approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 974-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Nan Dong ◽  
Yu Duo Lu ◽  
Jiao Jiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Consumption Structure ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examined the relationship between the energy efficiency and the environmental pollution. By using the data of energy intensity and economic loss caused by environmental pollution (ELP) in China from 1989-2009, a simultaneous equations was developed. The result of two-stage OLS estimation suggested that the energy had exerted positive influences on the decreasing of the environmental pollutions. By enhancing the energy efficiency and adjusting the industrial structure and energy consumption structure, China is exploring a road for sustainable development in the energy conservation.

An Analysis on Carbon Emissions and Energy Efficiency of Small Heavy Industrial Enterprises in Shanghai

2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 997-1000
Author(s):  
Jing Jing Zhang ◽  
Jian Cheng Kang ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

Based on the energy consumption and the output value data of the 6 small heavy industrial enterprises during 2007-2011 in Shanghai, we calculated comprehensive energy consumption, carbon emissions, carbon intensity and energy intensity of these enterprises. It been found that the comprehensive energy consumption and the carbon emissions of the 6 small enterprises are in a fluctuating growth trend but the energy intensity and the carbon intensity show a trend of fluctuating downward. The energy intensity and the carbon intensity of the small enterprises are much larger than the average of the two whole industries in Shanghai. We analyzed the correlation coefficients between the output value and the energy consumption as well as between the output value and the carbon emissions. The results show that the comprehensive energy consumption and the carbon emissions have positive correlation as well as the carbon emissions and the output value.

scholarly journals Computer Scenario-Precedent Technology Treining of Energy Managers

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
B.M. Pleskach ◽  
◽  
V.D. Samoilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Scenario Modeling ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Stationary Energy ◽  
Software Modules ◽  
Energy Manager ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the topical issue of developing simulators for advanced training of specialists in energy efficiency management of industrial enterprises and utilities. The aim of the study is to develop the theoretical foundations of the use of computerized systems for training energy managers. The object of the study is the practical activities of the personnel of the enterprise, aimed at improving the energy efficiency of production systems for various purposes. The research method based on scenario modeling of energy manager actions and precedent modeling of equipment reactions to such actions. The modeling of energy manager actions based on the Deming cycle, and the modeling of reactions of production systems based on cases of quasi-stationary energy consumption of the technologi-cal system. The software platform of the proposed technology consists of a base of precedents for quasistationary energy consumption and software modules that reproduce the PDCA control cycle (Plen-Do-Check-Act). The technology allows to work out the actions of the energy manager aimed at planning energy saving measures and calculating the financial and economic results achieved during their implementation.

scholarly journals Design features of thermal furnace with a drum mechanism for blanks transportation

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
N. A. Cheremiskina ◽  
N. V. Shchukina ◽  
N. B. Loshkarev ◽  
V. V. Lavrov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Specific Process ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency

One of the most energy-intensive industries is ferrous metallurgy. The metallurgical sector in industrially developed countries is reducing its specific energy consumption per one ton of products by approximately 1.0 – 1.5 % per annum. In Russia, obsolete technology is the main reason for the high-energy intensity of industrial product. Energy saving in industrial production is associated with production technology and the scope of fuel and energy resources consumption. Therefore, ways to improve energy efficiency focus on reducing energy consumption of any kind during a specific process in a specific process or thermal unit. Ensuring the economical operation of furnace units requires detailed preliminary and verification analyses, upgrading and introduction of state-of-the-art equipment. The study presents a flow diagram and features of thermal operation of a new drum-type chamber furnace for heating metal products for quenching. The technical parameters of the furnace, the results of the thermo-technical analysis, the heat balance and the specific fuel consumption as applicable to the created design are also presented. The flow diagram of the furnace has significant advantages in terms of the energy efficiency of fuel as compared to the roller and conveyor methods of metal transportation. Placing blanks on the drum significantly reduces the complexity of their transportation. Thanks to its small length the proposed design is compact and easy to place in a workshop. The use of a recuperative fuel burning device allows the efficient use of the heat of waste gases in the heating process. The proposed design and method of products transportation in the furnace working space can be used for the heat treatment of bars, pipes, strips, as well as rolled steel of various shapes.

An Updated Estimate for Energy Use in U.S. Food Production and Policy Implications

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda D. Cuellar ◽  
Michael E. Webber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Food System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Food Consumed

In this work we estimate the amount of energy required to produce the food consumed in the United States in 2002 and 2007. Data from government sources and the scientific literature were used to calculate the energy intensity of food production from agriculture, transportation, manufacturing, food sales, storage and preparation. Most data were from 2002; consequently we scaled all data from other years to 2002 by using ratios of total energy consumption in 2002 to total energy consumption in the year data were reported. We concluded that food production required at least 7,880±733 trillion BTU in 2002 and 8,080±752 trillion BTU of energy in 2007, over a third of which came from food handling in homes, restaurants and grocery stores. The energy used to produce food represents approximately 8% of energy consumption. Our estimate is for the energy required to produce the food consumed in the United States and takes into account food imports and exports. To account for net food exports in the agriculture sector we calculated values for the energy intensity of ten food categories and then used the mass of domestic food consumption in each category to calculate the energy embedded in the food consumed in the United States. The amount of energy required to produce the food consumed in the United States has policy implications because it is a substantial fraction of total energy consumption and is responsible for a commensurate amount of greenhouse gas emissions. There are many opportunities for decreasing the energy intensity of food production at all steps of the food system. Education of the public and policy measures that promote energy efficiency in the food sector have the potential for decreasing food waste and the energy intensity of the food system.

Analysis on the Effect Factors of the Passenger Transportation Energy Consumption Intensity

2013 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 910-916
Author(s):  
Xu Wu ◽  
Shuang Lang ◽  
Xiao Qing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Complete Decomposition ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Consumption Intensity

This article proposes using passenger transportation energy intensity to measure the energy utility efficiency and energy-saving potential of the passenger transportation, uses the complete decomposition model to decompose the passenger transportation energy intensity from 1990 to 2007, and then investigate how various factors impact passenger transportation energy intensity. As is shown in the results, transportation structure increases passenger transportation energy intensity, while energy efficiency decreases it, however the decline is limited. Thus energy saving caused by adjustment of transportation structure is much more considerable.

Revisiting the energy consumption–economic growth causal relationships in tails

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Tzeremes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Level ◽  
Quantile Causality ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the energy consumption and the economic growth in the USA and in a sectoral level by using monthly data from January 1991 to May 2016. Design/methodology/approach While assessing the relationship at a country level, the authors also examine five sectors by using quantile causality. Findings The findings indicate the existence of a causality at the sectoral level in tails. More specifically, industrial and electric sectors cause the growth at the lower and higher levels. Residential, commercial and transportation sectors do not cause the growth in all levels. Total consumption causes the growth in the middle and low levels but not in the high level. Finally, the empirical evidence signifies an asymmetric relationship between the covariates. Practical implications The results imply that when the consumption deals conditions with fluctuation, it is likely to be affected by growth. In such a case, energy policies gear toward reducing or increasing energy intensity, improving energy efficiency, encouraging the use of alternative sources and investing in the development of technology. Originality/value The authors use, for the first time, the quantile causality for the case of energy consumption and economic growth. The quantile test is useful for a thorough comprehension of the causal relationship for this area. Compared to the OLS, which is used for the majority of causality tests, the quantile investigates the causality at the sectoral level in the tails.

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