scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Bifacial PV Modules with Transparent Mesh Backsheet

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Juhee Jang ◽  
Andrea Pfreundt ◽  
Max Mittag ◽  
Kyungsoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Optical Model ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Power Gain ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
Cell Spacing ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Complete Cell ◽  
The Impact

Due to their transparent rear side, bifacial modules can take advantage of rear side irradiance as opposed to monofacial modules. Glass or transparent backsheets are conventionally used as rear side encapsulation material. To increase coupling gains achieved through internal reflection at the module rear side, a white or reflecting mesh structure can be applied in the areas between the cells on the rear side material. In this study, an existing optical model based on a simplified ray tracing approach is extended to describe the effects achieved though this mesh structure. The model is further integrated into a complete cell-to-module loss and gain analysis. The performance of the mesh backsheet concept is assessed under varying parameters. The impact of mesh reflectance, bifaciality of the cell and width of the mesh compared to the cell spacing are investigated. Losses due to increased module temperature and gains due to internal reflection gains are compared. We confirm that the optimal power gain can be achieved when the width of the mesh is the same as the spacing between the cells. We find that the power gain due to the improved internal reflection outweighs the power loss due to increased module temperature.

scholarly journals In-Situ Measurement of Power Loss for Crystalline Silicon Modules Undergoing Thermal Cycling and Mechanical Loading Stress Testing

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Sergiu Spataru ◽  
Peter Hacke ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Series Resistance ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Mechanical Degradation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
The Impact

An in-situ method is proposed for monitoring and estimating the power degradation of mc-Si photovoltaic (PV) modules undergoing thermo-mechanical degradation tests that primarily manifest through cell cracking, such as mechanical load tests, thermal cycling and humidity freeze tests. The method is based on in-situ measurement of the module’s dark current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curve during the stress test, as well as initial and final module flash testing on a Sun simulator. The method uses superposition of the dark I-V curve with final flash test module short-circuit current to account for shunt and junction recombination losses, as well as series resistance estimation from the in-situ measured dark I-Vs and final flash test measurements. The method is developed based on mc-Si standard modules undergoing several stages of thermo-mechanical stress testing and degradation, for which we investigate the impact of the degradation on the modules light I-V curve parameters, and equivalent solar cell model parameters. Experimental validation of the method on the modules tested shows good agreement between the in-situ estimated power degradation and the flash test measured power loss of the modules, of up to 4.31 % error (RMSE), as the modules experience primarily junction defect recombination and increased series resistance losses. However, the application of the method will be limited for modules experiencing extensive photo-current degradation or delamination, which are not well reflected in the dark I-V characteristic of the PV module.

scholarly journals Derivation of power loss factors to evaluate the impact of postcombustion CO2 capture processes on steam power plant performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1385-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Linnenberg ◽  
Ulrich Liebenthal ◽  
Jochen Oexmann ◽  
Alfons Kather
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Power Plant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loss Factors

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation Investigation on the Windage Power Loss of a High-Speed Face Gear Drive

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Dai ◽  
Feiyue Ma ◽  
Xiang Zhu ◽  
Jifu Jia
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Outer Radius ◽  
Face Gear ◽  
Optimal Distance ◽  
Inner Radius ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Cfd Method ◽  
Gear Drives ◽  
The Impact

Reducing the energy consumption and improving the efficiency of high-speed transmission systems are increasingly common goals; the windage power loss is not negligible in these methods. In this work, the multi-reference frame (MRF) and periodic boundary conditions (PBC) based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method were adopted to investigate the windage phenomena of a single face gear with and without a shroud, and the impact of the gear speed on the windage power loss was analyzed. Furthermore, the effects on the distribution of static pressure due to the distances between the shroud and the gear body in different directions, including the outer radius direction, the inner radius direction, and the addendum direction were investigated. The results indicate that the gear speed significantly affected the windage loss, as the higher the gear speed was, the greater the windage power loss. Additionally, the shroud could effectively reduce the windage power loss, where the optimal distance from the addendum to the shroud was not the minimum distance; however, for the distances from the shroud to the inner radius and the outer radius, the smaller the distance was, the smaller the windage loss. The results can provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for reducing the windage power loss of various face gear drives.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PEMASANGAN KAPASITOR PADA SISTEM JARINGAN LISTRIK DISTRIBUSI DI BALI MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUANTUM GENETIC ALGORITHM

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Maria Gusti Agung Ayu Permata ◽  
Antonius Ibi Weking ◽  
Widyadi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Quantum Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Genetic Algorithm Method ◽  
The Impact

This study optimized the installation of capacitors on the distribution grid system in Penyabangan feeder, Singaraja, Bali using the Quantum Genetic Algorithm method to reduce the impact of increasing reactive currents. This feeder, consisting of 162 buses in which 62 buses are directly connected to the load and 5 buses are connected to medium voltage cosumers. The results of this study are obtained by the capacity of capacitors installed in 31 buses that have a power factor value less than the permitted limit and the power loss values decrease from 0,0674 MW and 0,0546 MVAr to 0,0543 MW and 0,0442 MVAr.

Design and optimization of textures on the surface of crankpin bearing to improve lubrication efficiency and friction power loss of engine

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012094200
Author(s):  
Zhenpeng Wu ◽  
Vanliem Nguyen ◽  
Vanquynh Le ◽  
Xuanlong Le ◽  
Vancuong Bui
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Bearing Surface ◽  
Film Pressure ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Friction Power ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil Film Pressure

The study proposes a design and optimization of textures on the surface of crankpin bearing to improve the lubrication efficiency and friction power loss (LE-FPL). A hydrodynamic lubrication model of crankpin bearing considering the impact of the external dynamic load and micro asperity contact is established. Based on the established model, the lubrication textures designed on the bearing surface are then simulated and optimized through the algorithms developed in Matlab environment and multi-objective optimization method. Increasing the oil film pressure and reducing the contact force ( Wac) in the asperity contact region, friction force ( Ff), and friction coefficient ( µ) of crankpin bearing are the objective functions to evaluate the LE-FPL. The study results indicate that the lubrication textures designed on the bearing surface have an obvious effect on improving the LE-FPL. Especially, with the optimized textures, the maximum oil film pressure is greatly increased by 44.8% while the maximum values of Wac and Ff are significantly reduced by 22% and 25%. Consequently, the lubrication textures added on the surface of crankpin bearing can greatly improve the LE-FPL.

scholarly journals Developing Fall-impact Protection Pad with 3D Mesh Curved Surface Structure using 3D Printing Technology

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Park ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Curved Surface ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Impact Protection ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we present the development of fall-impact protection pads for elderly people using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. To develop fall-impact protection clothing, it is important to maintain the functionality of the protection pad while ensuring that its effectiveness and appearance remain optimal in the process of inserting it. Therefore, this study explores the benefit of exploiting 3D scan data of the human body using 3D printing technology to develop a fall-impact protection pad that is highly suited to the human body shape. The purpose of this study was to present a 3D modeling process for creating curved protective pads comprising a hexagonal mesh with a spacer fabric structure and to verify the impact protection performance by printing curved pads. To this end, we set up a section that includes pads in the 3D human body scan data and extracted body surface information to be applied in the generation of the pad surface. The sheet-shaped hexagonal mesh structure was cut and separated according to the pad outline, and then deformed according to the curved surface of the human body. The pads were printed, and their protection performance was evaluated; a 79.2–81.8% reduction in impact force was observed compared to similar cases in which the pads were not used.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document