scholarly journals Perspectives and Problems of Using Renewable Energy Sources and Implementation of Local “Green” Initiatives: A Regional Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5888
Author(s):  
Saulius Baskutis ◽  
Jolanta Baskutiene ◽  
Valentinas Navickas ◽  
Yuriy Bilan ◽  
Wojciech Cieśliński
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Sustainable Development

Environmental pollution, energy supply and security of supply have become major issues across the world due to climate change, limited energy sources, energy price volatility and energy supply constraints. Energy availability, energy efficiency and the replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy sources are key factors in the global development of sustainable energy. In many countries with limited fossil fuel resources, the sustainable development of renewable energy sources is an important tool in reducing dependence on imported fuels. Some alternative energy sources, such as wind, solar, tidal and hydropower, seem almost inexhaustible. With the exception of tidal energy, all of these sources have been used extensively and for a long time. This article examines the improvement of energy security and the government’s actions to promote the use of renewable energy sources, focusing on increasing energy efficiency and reducing energy intensity and dependence on energy imports in Lithuania. In addition, the article provides the state of renewable energy sources in Lithuania, aspects of sustainability and future development directions and perspectives.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES OF USING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN EUROPE

10.23856/2705 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Lidiya Shergina ◽  
Alla Zhemba ◽  
Nataliia Revutska ◽  
Yulia Burma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
Ecological Type ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

The article is devoted to the issues of the functioning and development of energy in each country, caused mainly by the economic expediency of renewable energy and the requirements of energy independence. Also, the article examines the importance of replacing traditional fuels with alternative energy sources. The international experience of the countries in the field of efficient use of available natural resources of the fuel and energy complex and enhancement of the potential of the energy sector have been analyzed. A number of common characteristics and directions of energy efficiency improvement for European countries are highlighted. Alternative types of energy and measures necessary for their implementation have been offered. The potential resources of renewable energy sources have been analyzed. The article is devoted to the use of economical and ecological type of fuel - biofuel for Ukraine. On the basis of the analysis of the situation on the energy market, renewable energy is examine, which plays a compensatory role in global energy consumption in the conditions of growing exhaustion of non-renewable sources.

Energy and Energy Efficiency

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Nuclear Power Engineering ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The World

Originally, coal was the main source of energy. It remains so throughout the 18th century during the period of the rapid industry development. Later on, oil and naphtha began to be used as energy sources and their usage expanded especially in 19th century. A special feature of the above mentioned fossil fuels is their long creation period – requiring millennia. They are a result of rotting of different plant and animal kinds. In comparison to the period of their formation, the period of their utilization is far shorter. In accordance with a number of existing statistics about 2050 year it may be talked about a depletion of the liquid fossil fuels, also, the world coal supplies are considered to last within the next 200 years. Therefore, the development of nuclear power engineering is considered to be one of the alternatives to generate energy. Recently, the nuclear power energy generation has been denied in many countries because of the risks associated with its generation and because these risks have been confirmed by serious accidents throughout the World. The storage of worked nuclear waste is also a problem and risky. The renewable energy sources are another possibility to generate energy.

scholarly journals LEVEL OF ENERGY SUPPLY OF ANIMAL FARMS FROM USING BIOGAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Mykola Stadnik ◽  
Andrii Shtuts ◽  
Oleksandr Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Renewable Sources

Ukraine has untapped potential for the production of own energy from renewable sources - processing of livestock waste (animal manure and bird droppings) with the formation of biogas, which can then be used to produce electricity, heat or fuel - analogues of natural gas (methane) (in particular, for own needs of farms). Currently in Ukraine, the generation of large amounts of waste on industrial farms is an environmental problem that needs to be addressed. Recycling livestock waste to generate biogas will partially solve environmental problems, as well as benefit from decentralized renewable energy production or fuel production. The role of renewable energy sources in energy production is constantly growing and now the issue of increasing the share of renewable sources in the energy balance of each country is relevant. In the supply of primary energy, the share of renewable energy accounts for 13% worldwide. Of these, biomass accounts for 10%, or 258 million tons per year, ie in the world biomass provides the largest share of energy supply from renewable sources. Domestic agricultural enterprises are significant consumers of fuel and energy resources, so they face the objective need to use alternative energy sources, including biofuels and the introduction of innovative energy-saving technologies. Biogas production is an efficient and attractive investment technology, due to the presence of significant raw material potential, favorable climatic and other. However, the level of introduction of this type of energy in the agro-industrial complex is insufficient, which is due to a number of issues, including insufficient level of practical recommendations for choosing power generators, their number, modes of operation taking into account daily energy consumption schedule, load and optimal efficiency. installations while providing autonomous power supply of the enterprise. This paper determines the level of energy supply of livestock farms through the use of biogas plants as a source of energy used for livestock waste.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: MODERNIZATION TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY AND INNOVATIVE-INVESTMENT ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Kraus ◽  
Nataliia Kraus ◽  
Anna Pavluk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The World

The article examines the preconditions for the aggravation of environmental danger for Ukraine and the world as a whole, in particular in the context of the intensifying economic crisis. The long-term plans of the International Energy Agency to achieve “zero” carbon emissions by 2050 have been assessed. It was found that in order to ensure the growth of the world economy by the middle of the XXI century, it is necessary to increase energy efficiency, in particular in terms of active use of renewable energy sources. Energy efficient measures to ensure energy security of the urban agglomeration are summarized. In order to develop alternative energy sources, investments are needed in the energy sector (the annual share of investments in renewable sources in 2020 was 38%, which is $258.9 billion). Enhancement of energy efficiency and introduction of renewable energy sources should take place in the context of modernization of energy infrastructure of urban agglomerations: financing of technical re-equipment of energy assets, development of energy networks, reduction of energy intensity of industrial products, introduction of energy audit, etc. Ukraine has been ranked 8th in the world as one of the most attractive markets for renewable energy investment, but long-standing debt and incomplete energy market reform do not fully realize the potential (this is adversely affected by political mistakes, populist decisions, corruption and poor quality of energy management in Ukraine). It is proved that in the way of ecological safety creates barriers and a difficult situation with environmental protection, which significantly reduces the quality and comfort of life. It is proposed to create a strong environmental infrastructure in order to increase environmental security in the context of ensuring economic security; to introduce innovative ecological technologies; rationalize the processing of solid waste; to build modern waste processing plants, etc. Environmental legislation and governance in the field of energy policy is, unfortunately, a problematic area of current global change initiated by the EU to promote the use of environmentally friendly energy among EU member states.

scholarly journals Efficient Methods of Market Pricing in Power Industry within the Context of System Integration of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Lisin ◽  
Galina Kurdiukova ◽  
Pavel Okley ◽  
Veronika Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Energy Supply Systems

Currently, the majority of world economies (even those located in the sunbelt (+/− 35 degrees of latitude with good sunshine with low seasonality) uses various types of fossil fuels as the main source of energy for their economies. However, this represents a very volatile and unsustainable strategy, since according to various estimates, the fossil fuel era will inevitably end as all carbon fuels are going to be spent in the next few centuries. Unlike traditional energy, renewable energy sources (RES) are not based on energy resources, but rather rely upon natural energy flows. With regard to its unique property, there has been an active construction of power plants of renewable energy and their gradual integration into national energy supply systems in recent decades. At the same time, the existing models of electricity markets were unprepared for their wide distribution. Hence, determination of the market value of energy generated by power plants using renewable energy sources becomes a particularly significant issue. This market value has to take into account the prevention of costs from the use of fossil fuels, as well as the resulting environmental benefits. Our paper proposes methods for solving this problem, contributing to the increase of economic efficiency of investment projects for the construction of renewable energy facilities and the formation of economic incentives for their propagation in energy supply systems. The proposed methods are based on the dynamic differentiation of tariffs for consumers with renewable energy sources depending on their structure of electricity consumption. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by calculating the cost of electricity for households located in the Krasnodar region using renewable energy sources. It is shown that this approach to the formation of tariffs for consumers allows the household to receive additional savings from the efficient use of energy installations on RES and energy storage devices in terms of alignment of the energy consumption schedule. This creates a significant incentive for households to use them and contributes to increasing the effectiveness of government renewable energy support programs, including by solving the acute problem of raising electricity tariffs from the grid.

Cooling and Heating with Ground Source Energy

2013 ◽  
pp. 261-278
Author(s):  
Abdeen Mustafa Omer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Direct Expansion ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

In the recent attempts to stimulate alternative energy sources for heating and cooling of buildings, emphasis has been put on utilisation of the ambient energy from ground source and other renewable energy sources. Exploitation of renewable energy sources and particularly ground heat in buildings can significantly contribute towards reducing dependency on fossil fuels. This paper highlights the potential energy saving that could be achieved through use of ground energy source. It also focuses on the optimisation and improvement of the operation conditions of the heat cycles and performances of the DX GSHP. It is concluded that the direct expansion of GSHP are extendable to more comprehensive applications combined with the ground heat exchanger in foundation piles and the seasonal thermal energy storage from solar thermal collectors. This article discusses the principle of the ground source energy, varieties of GSHPs, and various developments.

Solução energética híbrida com armazenamento por bombagem

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Helena M. Ramos ◽  
◽  
Mariana Simão
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Pumped Storage

A elevada intermitência das fontes de energia renováveis condiciona a produção de energia elétrica, que continua a depender muito dos combustíveis fósseis. Uma vez que existe complementaridade por parte das fontes de energia renováveis, a sua integração conjunta é, sem dúvida, a melhor solução para reduzir esta dependência. Aliado a este facto, poderá coexistir um sistema de armazenamento por bombagem, capaz de gerar reservas hídricas, que serão aproveitadas quando a procura exceder a oferta energética. Procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento de dois modelos: um sobre custos de turbomáquinas e outro que visa o estudo do potencial de recuperação de energia de uma solução energética híbrida com armazenamento por bombagem combinado com fonte de energia eólica. Foram estudadas diferentes combinações para estas duas fontes de energia renovável, analisando o consumo satisfeito e a energia eólica não consumida, tendo-se concluído que o excedente de energia eólica pode ser aproveitado para bombagem. The high intermittence of renewable energy sources determines the production of electricity, which remains highly dependent on fossil fuels. Since there is complementarity between renewable energy sources, their joint integration is a potential solution to reduce this dependency. Consequentially, a pumping storage system capable of generating water reserves can coexist, which will be used when demand exceeds the energy supply. Two models were developed: one based on turbomachinery costs and the other based on the potential of energy recovery of a hybrid energy solution with pump storage combined with wind energy. Different combinations were studied for these two sources, analysing the satisfied consumption and the wind energy that is not consumed, in which it was concluded that the surplus of wind energy can be used by pumped storage.

scholarly journals Environmental substantiation for the use of alternative energy sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ovchinnikova ◽  
Aleksandr Borovkov ◽  
Galina Kukinova ◽  
Nina Markina
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources

An overview of the substantiation of the relevance of the transition to mass ecological housing construction, which is determined by an acute shortage of housing and a high increase in the cost of electricity, is given. The development of an ecological substantiation of an energy-independent house using the example of a one-story house, taking into account natural and climatic conditions, is presented. The characteristics of the work of all utilized engineering systems are considered. It has been established that the housing and utilities sector, being one of the main sources of air and groundwater pollution, creates a large amount of household waste, which has a detrimental effect on the environmental situation. Renewable energy sources have an inexhaustible supply, since they are obtained from natural processes that will not be exhausted in the foreseeable future. Thus, the prospects for renewable energy sources are in considering them to replace fossil fuels. Economic efficiency is defined, which implies that the energy source is economical both in relation to the net cost of production and in relation to supply. The development of renewable energy sources will play an important role in the transformation and digitalization of the Russian power industry. Technologies of energy storage, intelligent systems for forecasting production and demand, predictive analytics of equipment condition, consumption management and many others will be developed.

scholarly journals Innovation-Investment Activity in the Development of Alternative Sources of Energy: The Factors of Influence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
I. V. Honcharuk ◽  
◽  
O. M. Babyna ◽  
T. V. Yemchyk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources

The article defines and systematizes the factors of innovation and investment activity in the development of alternative energy sources, followed by the separation of those groups of factors that have a dominant influence on the processes of ensuring innovation and investment activity in the development of alternative energy sources. The volumes of global investments in alternative energy sources are analyzed, in particular, it is determined that wind energy and biofuels have become the most investment attractive to foreign investors. It is identified that solar energy is characterized by rapid development and has the largest scale of construction of new capacities in Ukraine. The comparison of real indicators of renewable energy sources with the planned ones in accordance with the National Renewable Energy Action Plan until 2020 and the Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035 «Security, Energy Efficiency, Competitiveness» was carried out. It is determined that Ukraine, although it lags behind the global pace of implementation of the use of renewable energy sources, still has a tendency to reduce the consumption of traditional fuels, in particular imported natural gas. It is substantiated that at the center of the multidimensional system of factors of innovation and investment development of alternative energy sources should be the purpose of satisfying the interests of each individual citizen as the driving force of the necessary reforms on the effective use of territorial resources, as well as to ensure the sustainable development of the country. It is emphasized that precisely the innovative nature of development should cover a comprehensive study of all factors that are part of the relevant field of scientific knowledge, the achievement of scientific and technological progress, efficient socio-economic and environmental technologies. The need to focus on finding solutions and substantiating the effectivity of the implementation of alternative energy of the entire accumulated human, production and technological potential is determined. It is emphasized that the effective and dynamic use of alternative energy sources for Ukraine is a strategically important task, the solution of which will reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment, as well as increase the number of jobs, financial revenues to budgets of all levels, which, in turn, will lead to the sustainable development of the region and the country as a whole.

Study on Energy Efficiency and Flexibility in Machinery and Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brugger ◽  
Georg Götz ◽  
Christoph Richter ◽  
Gunther Reinhart
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Green Production ◽  
Research Action

Increasing energy costs, the change from conventional to renewable energy sources and the growing awareness of green production, especially in Germany, are crucial challenges for society and for industry. Renewable energy sources, especially solar and wind power, lead to a limited and volatile energy supply. Therefore, energy is no longer a resource which is available and ready on demand in the future. This change in energy supply hugely influences the production and industrial processes and is leading to alternative forms of production. There are high potentials in terms of energy efficiency and energy flexibility to master the described challenges. This paper presents an overview of the current state of the art in energy efficient and, especially, energy flexible production. The focus is on new aspects caused by the changes in production processes. Furthermore, research action fields concerning the energy flexibility of production machines are shown and explained through a practical example.

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