scholarly journals Analysis of AC/DC/DC Converter Modules for Direct Current Fast-Charging Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6369
Author(s):  
Szymon Piasecki ◽  
Jaroslaw Zaleski ◽  
Marek Jasinski ◽  
Serafin Bachman ◽  
Marek Turzyński
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
End User ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Dual Active Bridge ◽  
Battery Chargers ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Point Of Common Coupling ◽  
Zero Vector ◽  
Effective Case

The paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-board battery chargers: (1) Si-based cost-effective case, and (2) SiC-bidirectional ready for vehicle to grid concept case. All circuits are modular, and in both cases the DC/DC converter can be replaced according to the end user requirements (the coupled transformer remains the same and is constructed based on 12xC100 cores to avoid additional choke). In the case of single active bridge, an active RCD snubber is proposed to protect against overvoltage above 1kV in the DC_2 circuit. The dual active bridge is equipped with soft-star modulation using a zero vector to reduce in-rush current in case of no-load operation, while the AC/DC grid connected converter remains bidirectional to assure the highest power quality at the point of common coupling. All tests were made with real second-used batteries, which improves environmental, economic and technical feasibility of such systems for prosumers. The total efficiency of both AC/DC/DC converters (>97% in SiC and >94% in Si versions) was investigated in the same laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Future Material Developments for Electric Vehicle Battery Cells Answering Growing Demands from an End-User Perspective

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4223
Author(s):  
Annika Ahlberg Tidblad ◽  
Kristina Edström ◽  
Guiomar Hernández ◽  
Iratxe de Meatza ◽  
Imanol Landa-Medrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Special Section ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
End User ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Long Cycle Life ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Electric Vehicle Battery

Nowadays, batteries for electric vehicles are expected to have a high energy density, allow fast charging and maintain long cycle life, while providing affordable traction, and complying with stringent safety and environmental standards. Extensive research on novel materials at cell level is hence needed for the continuous improvement of the batteries coupled towards achieving these requirements. This article firstly delves into future developments in electric vehicles from a technology perspective, and the perspective of changing end-user demands. After these end-user needs are defined, their translation into future battery requirements is described. A detailed review of expected material developments follows, to address these dynamic and changing needs. Developments on anodes, cathodes, electrolyte and cell level will be discussed. Finally, a special section will discuss the safety aspects with these increasing end-user demands and how to overcome these issues.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FAST CHARGING BATTERY USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL TECHNIQUE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nizam ◽  
Naji Abdalaziz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Control ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Battery Charger ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
Battery Chargers ◽  
Fast Charging

<span lang="EN-US">Battery charging is an important issue when it is associated with battery life and cycle performance. The aim of this research is to design and promote fast battery chargers using fuzzy logic control techniques (FLC) for LiFePO4 batteries have been developed. The proposed charger is controlled by voltage and current to activate the PWM duty. The results show that the proposed battery charger has the potential to accelerate charging up to 37% at the rate when charging 2C. This means it is faster than the existing filling. The charger proposed by the FLC method is also capable of charging LiFePO4 batteries with greater efficiency, which is 82%. It can be concluded that the FLC application method has better performance than the CC-CV method</span>

scholarly journals Rationally engineered 3D-dendritic cell-like morphologies of LDH nanostructures using graphene-based core–shell structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Kiran Sarigamala ◽  
Shobha Shukla ◽  
Alexander Struck ◽  
Sumit Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Effective Properties ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dendritic Morphology ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Pristine Graphene ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Double Hydroxide

AbstractFunctionalization of graphene-based materials using chemical moieties not only modify the electronic structure of the underlying graphene but also enable in limited enhancement of targeted properties. Surface modification of graphene-based materials using other nanostructures enhances the effective properties by minimally modifying the properties of pristine graphene backbone. In this pursuit, we have synthesized bio-inspired hierarchical nanostructures based on Ni–Co layered double hydroxide on reduced graphene oxide core–shells using template based wet chemical approach. The material synthesized have been characterized structurally and electrochemically. The fabricated dendritic morphology of the composite delivers a high specific capacity of 1056 Cg−1. A cost effective solid state hybrid supercapacitor device was also fabricated using the synthesized electrode material which shows excellent performance with high energy density and fast charging capability.

CANADA SHIPPING ACT PLANNING GUIDELINES: EQUIPMENT FOR A 2500-TON RESPONSE CAPABILITY

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Todd Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Case History ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
End User ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Equipment Component ◽  
Response Capability

ABSTRACT This paper presents a discussion of oil spill equipment selection from a practical standpoint. The specification of effective oil spill equipment is often a difficult task because of the wide array of commercially produced goods available to the end user. In addition, in various countries there exists little or no framework legislation that quantifies the equipment component in practical terms. This paper attests to the usefulness of the new Canada Shipping Act guidelines for the purposes of planning the equipment requirements for a predetermined potential spill quantity. Through the elaboration of a case history, it presents the development of an integrated 2500-ton oil spill response capability. Since response organizations under the new Canada Shipping Act regime are in effect commercial ventures rather than simply oil spill cooperatives, innovative and cost-effective solutions are necessary to maintain capital costs at a minimum. Although the equipment in the case history was commissioned directly as a response to the new Canadian standards, the important planning principles can be applied to any geographical region.

scholarly journals Limits of grid extension in the Lao PDR: A financial perspective

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
End User ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
Financial Perspective ◽  
Effective Option

This paper articulates a financial model for estimating the limits of grid extensionin the Lao PDR versus three decentralised renewable energy (DRE) options: micro-hydropower,pico-hydropower and solar photovoltaic. The model is based on a like-for-like comparison of thedifferent DRE options against grid extension, such that each option supplies the same amount ofelectricity (in kWh) over the project timeframe. The amount of electricity supplied is estimatedbased on the forecast electricity demand of a typical rural Lao household. Therefore, if a householdconsumes 7 kWh per day, then the micro-hydro, pico-hydro, solar PV and grid extension systems areall sized in the model to supply 7 kWh per day. This is in contrast to more conventional approaches,where grid extension is compared to DRE systems of typically lower capacities (e.g. grid extensioncompared against 50 W solar home systems). The limits of grid extension are expressed in termsof a breakeven distance, which is the maximum distance from a village at which grid extension isthe more cost-effective option. Beyond this breakeven distance, DRE technologies can be installedat a lower cost, while providing the same amount of electricity to the end-user.

scholarly journals A Tool for Evaluating the Performance of SiC-Based Bidirectional Battery Chargers for Automotive Applications

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6733
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Aiello ◽  
Mario Cacciato ◽  
Francesco Gennaro ◽  
Santi Agatino Rizzo ◽  
Giuseppe Scarcella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
System Level ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Dual Active Bridge ◽  
System Level Simulation ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Battery Chargers ◽  
Diagram Design

In this paper, a procedure to simulate an electronic power converter for control design and optimization purposes is proposed. For the addressed application, the converter uses SiC-MOSFET technology in bidirectional battery chargers composed of two power stages. The first stage consists of a single-phase AC/DC power factor correction synchronous rectifier. The following stage is a DC/DC dual active bridge. The converter has been modulated using a phase-shift technique which is able to manage bidirectional power flows. The development of a model-based simulation approach is essential to simplify the different design phases. Moreover, it is also important for the final validation of the control algorithm. A suitable tool consisting of a system-level simulation environment has been adopted. The tool is based on a block diagram design method accomplished using the Simulink toolbox in MATLAB™.

scholarly journals A Novel Charging and Discharging Algorithm of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Considering Vehicle-to-Grid and Photovoltaic Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ahmed Aljanad ◽  
Azah Mohamed ◽  
Tamer Khatib ◽  
Afida Ayob ◽  
Hussain Shareef
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Photovoltaic Generation ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
The Impact

Considering, the high penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs), the charging and discharging of PHEVs may lead to technical problems on electricity distribution networks. Therefore, the management of PHEV charging and discharging needs to be addressed to coordinate the time of PHEVs so as to be charged or discharged. This paper presents a management control method called the charging and discharging control algorithm (CDCA) to determine when and which of the PHEVs can be activated to consume power from the grid or supply power back to grid through the vehicle-to-grid technology. The proposed control algorithm considers fast charging scenario and photovoltaic generation during peak load to mitigate the impact of the vehicles. One of the important parameters considered in the CDCA is the PHEV battery state of charge (SOC). To predict the PHEV battery SOC, a particle swarm optimization-based artificial neural network is developed. Results show that the proposed CDCA gives better performance as compared to the uncoordinated charging method of vehicles in terms of maintaining the bus voltage profile during fast charging.

Integrating multiple “omics” analyses, on a triage concept, for effective case selection followed by diagnostic colonoscopy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 244-244
Author(s):  
Sheeno P. Thyparambil ◽  
Jin You ◽  
Kang Liu ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Junjie Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Diagnostic Colonoscopy ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Septin 9 ◽  
Case Selection ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Serological Biomarkers ◽  
Effective Case

244 Background: Implementation of population screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) before colonoscopy can reduce the challenge of the overall capacity of bowel examination and improve survival. Blood based CRC assessment biomarkers, on a triage concept, can lead to improved selection to colonoscopy and cost-effective CRC care. Methods: Innovative multi-omics approaches, with global and targeted LCMS data production (metabolomics, lipidomics, and 2D proteomics) and integrative data analytics, were applied to discover serological biomarkers to assess nonadvanced adenoma and identify stage I/II colorectal bowel lesions. A cohort of 2396 normal, 660 adenoma, 953 stage I, and 101 stage II blood samples, was constructed to discover screening biomarkers to support case finding of patients at high risk for nonadvanced adenoma and stage I/II cancer for subsequent diagnostic colonoscopy. Results: A three-analyte mProbe panel was constructed which outperformed the commercial assays of plasma methylated septin 9 and fecal Cologuard tests. Sensitivity: (1) nonadvanced adenoma–Cologuard 17.2%, mProbe 76.0%; (2) stage I-III-Cologuard 93.3%, stage I-II Septin 9 (ARUP laboratories) 77%, stage I-II mProbe: 92.3%. Specificity–Cologuard 89.8%, Septin 9 (ARUP laboratories) 88%, mProbe 90.7%. Conclusions: mProbe triage concept of a blood-based protein biomarker panel promises the precision to allow future CRC screening, and reduce the low-risk utilization of unnecessary, unpleasant and risk-associated bowel examinations.

Utility of a Technology Allocation Matrix for Optimizing Telehealth Services

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ajit N. Babu ◽  
P. S. Ramkumar ◽  
James E. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Video Data ◽  
User Needs ◽  
End User ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Audio Video

Information exchange in telehealth ultimately comprises basic activities such as measurement, storage, analysis, distribution, presentation and monitoring of relevant text/image/audio/video data. A systematic technology mapping matrix is a sensible and cost-effective approach to enable the scientifically sound deployment of appropriate telehealth technologies. This paper takes the example of congestive heart failure (CHF) telemonitoring and applies elements of the matrix to illustrate its utility. Though CHF is a global problem with grave implications for public health and society, morbidity and mortality remains high. Despite clinical similarities that may exist among patients in different parts of the world, telemonitoring may not be feasible everywhere; and even when it is, significant modifications in approach would be needed to accommodate available infrastructure, funding mechanisms and patient/clinician preferences. For the success of any telehealth program, in addition to incorporating appropriate technology there must be focus on end-user needs and incorporating viable sustainability models.

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