Supercritical Transesterification of Palm Oil and Hydrated Ethanol in a Fixed Bed Reactor with a CaO/Al2O3 Catalyst

The effect of CO2 partial pressure on ethanol dry reforming was evaluated over 5%Ce-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst at = PCO2 = 20-50 kPa, PC2H5OH = 20 kPa, reaction temperature of 973 K under atmospheric pressure. The catalyst was prepared by using impregnation method and tested in a fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction measurements studied the formation of Co3O4, spinel CoAl2O4 and CeO2, phases on surface of 5%Ce-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst. CeO2, CoO and Co3O4 oxides were obtained during temperature–programmed calcination. Ce-promoted 10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst possessed high BET surface area of 137.35 m2 g-1. C2H5OH and CO2 conversions was improved with increasing CO2 partial pressure from 20-50 kPa whilst the optimal selectivity of H2 and CO was achieved at 50 kPa.

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Mathematical Modelling of Catalytic Fixed-Bed Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Rh/Al2O3 Catalyst

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.3.1-3.19.21-29 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (1-3) ◽

Author(s):

Nor Aishah Saidina Amin ◽

Istadi Istadi ◽

New Pei Yee

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Mathematical Modelling ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Carbon Dioxide Reforming ◽

Al2o3 Catalyst

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Effect of Temperature on Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Cracking of Palm Oil into Biofuels

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development ◽

10.14710/ijred.9.1.107-112 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 107-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. Istadi ◽

Teguh Riyanto ◽

Luqman Buchori ◽

Didi Dwi Anggoro ◽

Roni Ade Saputra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Plasma Reactor ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Liquid Product ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Catalytic Reactor ◽

Catalytic Role ◽

Reactor Temperature

Plasma-assisted catalytic cracking is an attractive method for producing biofuels from vegetable oil. This paper studied the effect of reactor temperature on the performance of plasma-assisted catalytic cracking of palm oil into biofuels. The cracking process was conducted in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD)-type plasma reactor with the presence of spent RFCC catalyst. The reactor temperature was varied at 400, 450, and 500 ºC. The liquid fuel product was analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the compositions. Result showed that the presenceof plasma and catalytic role can enhance the reactor performance so that the selectivity of the short-chain hydrocarbon produced increases. The selectivity of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel range fuels over the plasma-catalytic reactor were 16.43%, 52.74% and 21.25%, respectively, while the selectivity of gasoline, kerosene and diesel range fuels over a conventional fixed bed reactor was 12.07%, 39.07%, and 45.11%, respectively. The increasing reactor temperature led to enhanced catalytic role of cracking reaction,particularly directing the reaction to the shorter hydrocarbon range. The reactor temperature dependence on the liquid product components distribution over the plasma-catalytic reactor was also studied. The aromatic and oxygenated compounds increased with the reactor temperature.©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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Investigation on the simultaneous removal of COS, CS2 and O2 from coke oven gas by hydrogenation on a Pd/Al2O3 catalyst

Catalysis Science & Technology ◽

10.1039/c9cy02579k ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2961-2969

Author(s):

Eva Kamp ◽

Holger Thielert ◽

Olaf von Morstein ◽

Sven Kureti ◽

Norman Schreiter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fixed Bed ◽

Coke Oven ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Organosulfur Compounds ◽

Simultaneous Removal ◽

Coke Oven Gas ◽

Al2o3 Catalyst

Simultaneous hydrogenation of organosulfur compounds and O2 by Pd/Al2O3 catalyst was studied in a fixed bed reactor and by DRIFTS.

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Simulation Studies of Steam Reforming of Methane using Ni-Al2O3 Catalysts

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.2202/1542-6580.2110 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giane Gonçalves Lenzi ◽

Ervin Kaminski Lenzi ◽

Cláudio Vilas Boas Fávero ◽

Marcelo Kaminski Lenzi ◽

Regina Maria Matos Jorge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Co2 Production ◽

Simulation Studies ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Wgs Reaction ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Water Gas ◽

Al2o3 Catalyst

This paper reports the results of reforming methane into synthesis gas using industrial Ni-Al2O3 catalyst (75% NiO wt.) and Ni-Al2O3 produced by the sol gel method (8% Ni wt.). A mathematical investigation on the performance of a one-dimensional model of catalytic conventional fixed-bed reactor was developed and implemented for the process. The results indicated that the industrial catalyst favored the water gas shift (WGS) reaction increasing CO2 production. However in temperatures of 773 and 973 K the yield (H2/CH4,reacted) was more efficient for the sol-gel catalyst. This result is possibly due to the different characteristics as specific surface area and temperature reduction. The model validation for the adjustment parameters U and a1 was more efficient for temperature profiles (2% error) than for mole fraction (10% error).

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Low-concentration methane combustion over a Cu/γ-Al2O3 catalyst: effects of water

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra00633c ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (24) ◽

pp. 18915-18921 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Haojie Geng ◽

Zhongqing Yang ◽

Jingyu Ran ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Yunfei Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methane Oxidation ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Methane Combustion ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Low Concentration ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Al2o3 Catalyst

The influence of water on low-concentration methane oxidation over a Cu/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was investigated in a fixed bed reactor.

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Produksi Biogas dari Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit dengan Menggunakan Reaktor Unggun Tetap tanpa Proses Pretreatment

Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jtl.v22i1.3250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 078-084

Author(s):

Wiharja Wiharja ◽

Widiatmini Sih Winanti ◽

Prasetiyadi Prasetiyadi ◽

Amita Indah Sitomurni

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Organic Substrates ◽

Biogas Yield ◽

Alternative Processing ◽

Reactor Technology ◽

Thermophilic Conditions ◽

Potential Resource

ABSTRACT Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) resulted from the palm oil industry is a potential resource for biogas production. In this study, POME was processed by utilizing microbes in an anaerobic condition using a fixed bed reactor. This study aimed at providing alternative processing of POME into biogas at the most optimum biogas yield without any pretreatment, taking advantage of POME conditions generated from the production process at the average temperature of 55 – 60 °C. In the anaerobic process, temperature conditions have a significant effect on bacteria's performance to degrade organic matter. In thermophilic conditions, bacteria deteriorate organic substrates more actively than in mesophilic states. This research proved that using fixed bed reactor technology to treat POME without pretreatment has generated biogas at the yield of 25.43 liters/liter of POME production. Applying this technology also demonstrated that investment and operating costs are cheaper due to having no mixing tank and fewer chemicals applications for the neutralization process. Keywords: biogas, fixed bed reactor, POME, pretreatment, thermophilic ABSTRAK Proses pengolahan POME dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan proses fermentasi anaerobik yaitu memanfaatkan kerja bakteri anaerobik untuk memproduksi biogas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan alternatif pengelolaan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit yang dapat menghasilkan biogas yang paling optimal tanpa melakukan pretreatment. Proses yang dipilih disesuaikan dengan kondisi panas POME yang keluar proses yaitu sekitar 55 - 60 oC. Kondisi temperatur sangat berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja bakteri pendegradasi bahan organik di dalam limbah cair dalam proses anaerobik. Pada kondisi termofilik bakteri lebih aktif dibandingkan pada kondisi mesofilik. Melalui penelitian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa dengan menggunakan teknologi reaktor fixed bed untuk mengolah POME tanpa adanya pretreatment, biogas tetap dapat diperoleh dengan perolehan rata rata 25,43 liter per liter POME. Dengan menggunakan teknologi ini biaya investasi dan operasi akan lebih murah dikarenakan tidak memerlukan bak pencampur dan penggunaan bahan kimia untuk proses netralisasi. Kata kunci: Biogas, reaktor fixed bed, POME, pretreatment, termofilik

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Kinetic Model of Crude Palm Oil Hydrocracking Over Ni/Mo ZrO2–Pillared Bentonite Catalyst

Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppch.14765 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 238-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hasanudin Hasanudin ◽

Addy Rachmat ◽

Muhammad Said ◽

Karna Wijaya

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Model ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Rate Constants ◽

Catalyst Activity ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

Reaction Models ◽

Oil Gas

Crude Palm Oil hydrocrcaking has been carried out over Ni/Mo ZrO2–pillared bentonite catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. Crude Palm Oil hydrocracking over Ni/Mo ZrO2–pillared bentonite catalyst formed 3 products i.e. gas, oil and coke. The oil product from Crude Palm Oil hydrocracking was analyzed by using gas chromatography to determine its composition. Three types of fraction were classified i.e. gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil. In this research, the focused of the study is of hydrocracking kinetics by using lump kinetic models. The kinetic model was solved by using the software MATLAB R2018b involves the effect of catalyst activity on the reaction rate. The results of the kinetic study show that the 4-lump (Crude Palm Oil, gas coke and oil) and 6-lump reaction models (Crude Palm Oil, gas, coke, gasoline, kerosene and diesel) can be used to explain the Crude Palm Oil hydrocracking over Ni/Mo ZrO2–pillared bentonite catalyst. The 4-lump kinetic model has 5 rate constants and the 6-lump kinetic model has 14 rate constants.

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