scholarly journals Control of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Success Case Based on Deltamethrin 4% Collars

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-518
Author(s):  
Vera de Camargo-Neves ◽  
Eliana Calemes ◽  
Lilian Rodas ◽  
Fredy Galvis-Ovallos ◽  
Luis Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Case Based

The effect of employing collars impregnated with deltamethrin 4% (DM4) to control canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was evaluated. as were the individual factors associated with this infection. A cohort study that included household dogs was conducted between 2002 and 2006. The presence of pathognomonic signals, peridomiciliary sleep habits and breed were the main factors associated with the infection. The use of DM4 collars contributed to the reduction of CVL with an effectiveness of 66%, and the dogs’ survival rate was greater than 90% at 50 months. In conclusion, the adoption of DM4 collars reduced the number of euthanized canines and in the incidence of CVL, and this reduction was sustained for one year after discontinuing the use of the collar.

scholarly journals Can vaccines against canine visceral leishmaniasis interfere with the serological diagnostics recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health?

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Paiva de Campos ◽  
Paula Mello De Luca ◽  
Alinne Rangel dos Santos Renzetti ◽  
Sara Maria Marques de Souza ◽  
Artur Augusto Velho Mendes Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
One Year ◽  
Serological Diagnostics

ABSTRACT: The objective of the current research was to assess seroconversion in dogs immunized with Leishmune® and Leish Tec® vaccines using rapid chromatographic immunoassay DPP® (Dual Path Platform) (DPP CVL) and enzyme immunoassay (EIE) up to one year after the vaccination protocol. The study sample comprised 28 dogs divided into two groups, each group immunized with an anti-CVL vaccine and clinically monitored for one year through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. 22 (78.5%) dog were monitored. During the evaluation time (T1-30 days, T2-6 months, and T3-1 year after vaccination) the results for all dogs were negative for CVL, except for one animal vaccinated with Leish tec® that seroconverted in the DPP CVL test at T2. Subsequent examinations of this dog were negative. Our results showed that in a non-endemic area, even at different evaluation times, dogs vaccinated against CVL with Leishmune® or Leish tec® did not seroconvert in the serological protocol used by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DPP/EIE).

scholarly journals Occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Phlebotominae) and canine visceral leishmaniasis in a rural area of Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Cesar Pereira Spada ◽  
Diogo Tiago da Silva ◽  
Kennya Rozy Real Martins ◽  
Lílian Aparecida Colebrusco Rodas ◽  
Maria Luana Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
One Year

This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis and also the canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in a rural area of Ilha Solteira, state of São Paulo. Blood samples were collected from 32 dogs from different rural properties (small farms) and were analyzed by ELISA and the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) in order to diagnose CVL. From these serological tests, 31.25% of the dogs were positive for CVL and these were distributed in 66.7% (8/12) of the rural properties, which were positive for L. longipalpis. CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) light traps were installed in 12 properties (one per property) and insects were caught on three consecutive days per month for one year. L. longipalpis was present on 100% of the rural properties visited, at least once during the twelve-month interval, totaling 64 males and 25 females. The insects were more numerous after the peak of the rain, but the association between prevalence of peridomestic vectors and the climatic data (precipitation, relative air humidity and temperature) and the occurrences of CVL among dogs on each rural property were not statistical significant (p <0.05). However, the occurrence of CVL cases in dogs and the presence of L. longipalpis indicate that more attention is necessairy for the control of this disease in the rural area studied.

scholarly journals Socio-economic factors associated with a healthy diet: results from the E3N study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1574-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Affret ◽  
Gianluca Severi ◽  
Courtney Dow ◽  
Grégoire Rey ◽  
Cyrille Delpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo identify individual and contextual socio-economic factors associated with a healthy diet.DesignDietary data from a large cohort study were used to derive two mutually exclusive dietary patterns through a latent class analysis. Associations between dietary patterns and socio-economic factors were studied with logistic regression.SettingE3N, a French prospective cohort study composed of women recruited from a national health insurance plan covering people working in the national education system.SubjectsE3N participants (n 73 031) with dietary and socio-economic data available.ResultsThe ‘Healthy’ pattern was characterized by a large consumption of fruits and vegetables and the ‘Less Healthy’ pattern by a large consumption of pizza and processed meat. When all socio-economic factors were analysed together, all of the individual factors considered were associated with a healthy diet (e.g. women with three or more children were less likely to follow a healthy diet v. women with no children, OR (95 % CI): 0·70 (0·66, 0·75)) while the contextual factors associated with a healthy diet included the size of the agglomeration of residence and the area of birth and residence (e.g. women living in the West of France were less likely to follow a healthy diet v. those living in the South of France: 0·78 (0·72, 0·83)).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that individual and contextual factors are both associated with diet. Rather than focusing only on individual factors, we recommend future studies or public health and nutritional strategies on diet to consider both types of factors.

scholarly journals Environmental and individual factors associated with quality of life of adults who underwent bariatric surgery: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dayrell de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Mariana Carvalho de Menezes ◽  
Larissa Loures Mendes ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Advantages of a cohort study on cardiac arrest conducted by nurses

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 762-766
Author(s):  
Cássia Regina Vancini Campanharo ◽  
Rodrigo Luiz Vancini ◽  
Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira Lopes ◽  
Meiry Fernanda Pinto Okuno ◽  
Ruth Ester Assayag Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Telephone Calls ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Training

AbstractOBJECTIVEIdentifying factors associated to survival after cardiac arrest.METHODAn experience report of a cohort study conducted in a university hospital, with a consecutive sample comprised of 285 patients. Data were collected for a year by trained nurses. The training strategy was conducted through an expository dialogue lecture. Collection monitoring was carried out by nurses via telephone calls, visits to the emergency room and by medical record searches. The neurological status of survivors was evaluated at discharge, after six months and one year.RESULTSOf the 285 patients, 16 survived until hospital discharge, and 13 remained alive after one year, making possible to identify factors associated with survival. There were no losses in the process.CONCLUSIONCohort studies help identify risks and disease outcomes. Considering cardiac arrest, they can subsidize public policies, encourage future studies and training programs for CPR, thereby improving the prognosis of patients.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Paraíba, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raizza Barros Sousa Silva ◽  
Maurina Lima Porto ◽  
Werona de Oliveira Barbosa ◽  
Heitor Cândido de Souza ◽  
Nedja Fernanda dos Santos Pinto Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
The State ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis: Incidence and risk factors for infection in a cohort study in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 197 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendel Coura-Vital ◽  
Alexandre Barbosa Reis ◽  
Levi Eduardo Soares Reis ◽  
Samuel Leôncio Braga ◽  
Bruno Mendes Roatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

scholarly journals Leishmania infection in a population of dogs: an epidemiological investigation relating to visceral leishmaniasis control

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klauber Menezes Penaforte ◽  
Vinícius Silva Belo ◽  
Rafael Gonçalves Teixeira-Neto ◽  
Renata Aparecida Nascimento Ribeiro ◽  
Robson Bruniera de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Actions

Identification of factors associated with Leishmaniainfection in dogs is essential for targeting visceral leishmaniasis control actions. Thus, the present study analyzed some of these factors in a population of dogs in a Brazilian municipality, along with the limitations of control strategies implemented there. The association between the exposure variables and occurrences of infection was analyzed through logistic regression models. The disease control interventions were treated qualitatively. Out of the 755 animals examined, 13.6% (103/755) were seropositive. Of these, 23.3% (24/103) were asymptomatic and 76.7% (79/103) presented at least one clinical sign possibly associated with visceral leishmaniasis. With weak associations, purebred, shorthaired, over 5 years of age, male and large dogs were more prone to infection. The latter two variables formed the final regression model and the association with dog size was statistically significant. The control strategies developed presented limitations and a great number of seronegative dogs was culled. The data presented contribute towards better understanding of the dynamics of infection in canine visceral leishmaniasis and indicate that actions aimed towards adequate implementation of Visceral Leishmaniasis control program in Brazilian endemic areas should be prioritized.

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis: study of methods for the detection of IgG in serum and eluate samples

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano B. Figueiredo ◽  
Maria F. Madeira ◽  
Lílian D. Nascimento ◽  
Tuanne R. Abrantes ◽  
Eliame Mouta-confort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
One Year

The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends the culling and euthanasia of dogs with a positive serological test for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). In the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, the technique used for the diagnosis of CVL is the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), using blood samples eluted on filter paper (eluate). A dog survey was conducted over a period of one year in the region of Carapiá, in order to evaluate the diagnosis of CVL in this region. All animals underwent clinical examination, and blood samples (serum and eluate) were collected for analysis by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and IFAT. A skin biopsy was obtained for parasitological examination (culture). A total of 305 animals were studied and Leishmania chagasi was isolated from nine animals. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.6% for ELISA, respectively, 100% and 65.5% for IFAT (cut-off at a 1:40 dilution), 100% and 83.4% for IFAT (cut-off at a 1:80 dilution), and 22.2% and 97.0% for eluate IFAT. In conclusion, ELISA was the best tool for the diagnosis of CVL among the serological techniques tested. The present results suggest the need for a better evaluation of filter paper IFAT as the only diagnostic method for CVL in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

scholarly journals Controls on glacier surging in Svalbard

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (140) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon S. Hamilton ◽  
Julian A. Dowdeswell
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Geometric Factors ◽  
Thermal Regimes ◽  
Glacier Length ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The geographical distribution of surge-type glaciers worldwide displays a remarkably non-random pattern. Surge-type glaciers tend to be concentrated in certain glacierized areas and to be completely absent in others. This observation suggests that special conditions are required for surges to occur. However, the factors controlling the spatial occurrence of surge-type behaviour are not known. To investigate this problem we performed probability statistical analysis on a sample population of 615 glaciers in Svalbard. The probability that a glacier in the sample population is surge-type is 36.4%. Within the sampled area there is a spatial variation in the concentration of surge-type glaciers. Several geometric and environmental factors associated with glaciers in the sample population were measured and tested to determine if they are related to the probability of surging. Of the geometric factors tested (length, slope, elevation, orientation and presence or absence of tributaries), only glacier length is related to surging, with surge probability increasing with increasing length. Elevated probabilities of surging were also found for glaciers associated with sedimentary subglacial rocks and sub-polar thermal regimes. The distributions of related factors were used to predict the spatial distribution of surge-type glaciers. However, in each case the individual factors were unable to reproduce the observed pattern of surge-type glacier distribution.

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