scholarly journals Transformation of Multi-Antibiotic Resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with GFP Gene to Enable Tracking its Survival on Pine Trees

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Long Li ◽  
Cui-Yun Zheng ◽  
Kan-Cheng Liu ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
Ben Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Pine Wilt Disease ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Masson Pine ◽  
Pine Trees

Pinus massoniana Lamb., commonly known as Masson Pine, is one of the most important tree species for planted forests in China. This species is, however, threatened by pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Palleroni & Bradbury 1993) Smal-007, a bacterium isolated from the body surface of native B. xylophilus, was evidenced to possess the ability to prevent and control this disease. In this study, we focus on exploring effective transformation and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeling of Smal-007, in order to facilitate its later investigation. The results indicated that the recombination of antibiotic Tp (trimethoprim), and the uncoupling reagent, CCCP (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine), was effective for the transformation of the multidrug-resistant bacterium. An optimal transformation procedure, including electroporation, was established. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report where such a method was used for S. maltophilia transformation. Furthermore, Smal-007 was labeled by GFP, allowing the monitoring of its survival ability in pine trees. The labeling was robust and recognizable in isolates recovered from pine needles and bark. In summary, our study indicated that combining uncoupling reagents could be a useful approach to finding operative antibiotic markers for the transformation of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In addition, our successful labeling of Smal-007 with GFP could improve the understanding of its ecological impact, when used as a biocontrol agent.

scholarly journals Optimization of factors affecting the rooting of pine wilt disease resistant Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) stem cuttings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0251937
Author(s):  
Ting Pan ◽  
Xue-lian Chen ◽  
Yan-ping Hao ◽  
Chun-wu Jiang ◽  
Song Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pine Wilt Disease ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Masson Pine ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pine Wilt ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Root Quality

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a devastating disease affecting trees belonging to the genus Pinus. To control the spread of PWD in the Masson pine forest in China, PWD resistant Masson pine clones have been selected by the Anhui Academy of Forestry. However, because Masson pine is a difficult-to-root species, producing seedlings is challenging, especially from trees older than 5 years of age, which impedes the application of PWD resistant clones. In this study, we investigated the factors affecting rooting of PWD resistant clones and established a cheap, reliable, and simple method that promotes rooting. We tested the effects of three management methods, four substrates, two cutting materials, two cutting treatments, and three collection times on the rooting of cuttings obtained from 9-year-old PWD resistant clones. Rooting was observed only in stem cuttings treated with the full-light automatic spray management method. Additionally, stem cuttings showed a significantly higher rooting rate and root quality than needles cuttings. Compared with other substrates, stem cuttings planted in perlite produced the longest adventitious root and the highest total root length and lateral root number. Moreover, stem cuttings of PWD resistant clones collected in May showed a significantly higher rooting rate and root quality than those collected in June and July. Moreover, stem cuttings prepared with a horizontal cut while retaining the needles showed significantly higher rooting rate and root quality than those prepared with a diagonal cut while partly removing the needles. This study promotes the reproduction of seedlings of PWD-resistant Masson pine clones which helps control the spread of PWD, meanwhile, provides a technical reference for the propagation of mature pine trees via cuttings.

scholarly journals Lytic Bacteriophages and Phage Cocktails Seem to be a Future Alternative Against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterial Infections

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roja Rani Pallavali ◽  
Vijaya Lakshmi Degati ◽  
Vijaya Raghava Prasad Durbaka
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Lytic Effect ◽  
Antibiofilm Agents ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Septic Wound

Lytic bacteriophages have the efficacy to act and eradicate pathogenic bacteria as an attractive tool in the near future. Bacteriophages specifically kill multidrug-resistant bacteria even which have the capacity to form biofilms. The present review mainly focused on the efficacy of bacteriophages and cocktails as therapeutic agents against predominate MDR-bacteria and their biofilms which are isolated from septic wound infections. The body of evidence includes data from studies investigating bacteriophages from sewage samples as novel antibacterial and antibiofilm agents against pathogenic bacteria. The goal of this review is to present an overview on predominant bacteria from septic wound infection, the biofilm-forming capacity of bacteria, lytic effect of bacteriophages and phage cocktails with an emphasis on the application of bacteriophages against septic wound causing bacteria.

scholarly journals Multi-Omics of Pine Wood Nematode Pathogenicity Associated With Culturable Associated Microbiota Through an Artificial Assembly Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouping Cai ◽  
Jiayu Jia ◽  
Chenyang He ◽  
Liqiong Zeng ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pine Wilt Disease ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Pinewood Nematode ◽  
Masson Pine ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Relationship

Pinewood nematode (PWN), the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), causes massive global losses of Pinus species each year. Bacteria and fungi existing in symbiosis with PWN are closely linked with the pathogenesis of PWD, but the relationship between PWN pathogenicity and the associated microbiota is still ambiguous. This study explored the relationship between microbes and the pathogenicity of PWN by establishing a PWN-associated microbe library, and used this library to generate five artificial PWN–microbe symbiont (APMS) assemblies with gnotobiotic PWNs. The fungal and bacterial communities of different APMSs (the microbiome) were explored by next-generation sequencing. Furthermore, different APMSs were used to inoculate the same Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) cultivar, and multi-omics (metabolome, phenomics, and transcriptome) data were obtained to represent the pathogenicity of different APMSs at 14 days post-inoculation (dpi). Significant positive correlations were observed between microbiome and transcriptome or metabolome data, but microbiome data were negatively correlated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the host. Five response genes, four fungal genera, four bacterial genera, and nineteen induced metabolites were positively correlated with the ROS level, while seven induced metabolites were negatively correlated. To further explore the function of PWN-associated microbes, single genera of functional microbes (Mb1–Mb8) were reloaded onto gnotobiotic PWNs and used to inoculate pine tree seedlings. Three of the genera (Cladophialophora, Ochroconis, and Flavobacterium) decreased the ROS level of the host pine trees, while only one genus (Penicillium) significantly increased the ROS level of the host pine tree seedlings. These results demonstrate a clear relationship between associated microbes and the pathogenicity of PWN, and expand the knowledge on the interaction between PWD-induced forest decline and the PWN-associated microbiome.

C-terminal Lysine-Linked Magainin 2 with Increased Activity Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 738-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban N. Lorenzón ◽  
Norival A. Santos-Filho ◽  
Matheus A. S. Ramos ◽  
Tais M. Bauab ◽  
Ilana L. B. C. Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Increased Activity

Effects of Probiotics in the Management of Infected Chronic Wounds: From Cell Culture to Human Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-206
Author(s):  
Brognara Lorenzo ◽  
Salmaso Luca ◽  
Mazzotti Antonio ◽  
Di M. Alberto ◽  
Faldini Cesare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Keywords Probiotics

Background: Chronic wounds are commonly associated with polymicrobial biofilm infections. In the last years, the extensive use of antibiotics has generated several antibiotic-resistant variants. To overcome this issue, alternative natural treatments have been proposed, including the use of microorganisms like probiotics. The aim of this manuscript was to review current literature concerning the application of probiotics for the treatment of infected chronic wounds. Methods: Relevant articles were searched in the Medline database using PubMed and Scholar, using the keywords “probiotics” and “wound” and “injuries”, “probiotics” and “wound” and “ulcer”, “biofilm” and “probiotics” and “wound”, “biofilm” and “ulcer” and “probiotics”, “biofilm” and “ulcer” and “probiotics”, “probiotics” and “wound”. Results: The research initially included 253 articles. After removal of duplicate studies, and selection according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 research articles were included and reviewed, accounting for 12 in vitro, 8 in vivo studies and 2 human studies (three articles dealing with animal experiments included also in vitro testing). Most of the published studies about the effects of probiotics for the treatment of infected chronic wounds reported a partial inhibition of microbial growth, biofilm formation and quorum sensing. Discussion: The application of probiotics represents an intriguing option in the treatment of infected chronic wounds with multidrug-resistant bacteria; however, current results are difficult to compare due to the heterogeneity in methodology, laboratory techniques, and applied clinical protocols. Lactobacillus plantarum currently represents the most studied strain, showing a positive application in burns compared to guideline treatments, and an additional mean in chronic wound infections. Conclusions: Although preliminary evidence supports the use of specific strains of probiotics in certain clinical settings such as infected chronic wounds, large, long-term clinical trials are still lacking, and further research is needed.

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