scholarly journals Effect of Beauveria bassiana Fungal Infection on Survival and Feeding Behavior of Pine-Tree Lappet Moth (Dendrolimus pini L.)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Marta Kovač ◽  
Nikola Lacković ◽  
Milan Pernek
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Feeding Disruption

Research highlights: The pine-tree lappet moth, Dendrolimus pini, can cause serious needle defoliation on pines with outbreaks occurring over large geographical areas. Under laboratory conditions, the promising potential of the naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana was tested against D. pini larvae as a biological control method. Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the most effective concentration and treatment dose of B. bassiana conidial suspension and how it affected the survival and feeding behavior of the pest. Materials and methods: The first experiment applied the fungal suspension directly on the back of selected larvae, and in the second experiment, sporulating cadavers obtained in the first experiment were placed into Petri dishes with healthy individuals. Different doses per larvae [µL] and spore suspension concentration [spores/µL]) were used. The second experiment was designed to investigate the horizontal transmission of fungi by exposing individual caterpillars to a cadaver covered in B. bassiana mycelia. Mortality rates were analyzed by Chi-squared tests using absolute values for total mortality and B. bassiana- attributed mortality. The lethal time and feeding-disruption speed were analyzed with parametric and non-parametric tests with the aim to determine whether statistically significant differences were observed between treatments. Results: Analysis of lethal time revealed that the 20 µL dose and 7.9 × 104 concentration yielded highest mortality, but also the average dieback rate of 9.4 days was significantly faster compared to all other treatments. In order to see whether insects stopped feeding after infection with B. bassiana, larvae weight loss was examined. Results showed that effective treatments induced change in the feeding behavior of infected larvae. The feeding disruption caused by the 20 µL treatment occurred on average 5.5 days after exposure or 3.9 days before the final dieback of larvae.

scholarly journals Evaluating the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) and Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) isolates to Arabian rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes agamemnon arabicus

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Khudhair ◽  
M.Z. Khalaf ◽  
H.F. Alrubeai ◽  
A.K. Shbar ◽  
B.S. Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rhinoceros Beetle ◽  
Oryctes Agamemnon ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Short Time

Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> and <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> were tested against Arabian Rhinoceros Beetle, <em>Oryctes agamemnon arabicus</em> larvae. Four concentrations (1×10<sup>5</sup>, 1×10<sup>7</sup>, 1×10<sup>9</sup> and 1×10<sup>11</sup> conidia/mL<sup>–1</sup>) of two locally isolated entomopathogenic fungi spore suspensions were used in this study via larval direct spraying. Results revealed that both isolates can cause high mortality rate reaching 100% after 29 days. However, <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> scored higher mortality rate in short time especially at the concentration of 1×10<sup>11</sup> conidia/ mL<sup>–1</sup> with lethal time (LT)<sub>50</sub> 12.75 and LT<sub>90</sub> 20.00; while, <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> caused the higher percentage of malformed adults. Moreover, both isolates affected insect’s life cycle particularly in the pupal stage which was reduced remarkably by almost 50% in comparison with the control treatment.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Gyropsylla spegazziniana (Lizer & Trelles) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) to Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill.

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Francisco Angeli Alves ◽  
Marina Andressa Formentini ◽  
André Luis Pereira Fanti ◽  
Maria Elena Schapovaloff ◽  
Ionete Lúcia Milani Barzotto
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Zoophthora Radicans ◽  
High Level

Gyropsylla spegazziniana is one of the most prominent pest insects of yerba mate culture in all production regions in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. Natural enemies have been recorded on G. spegazziniana nymphs and adults, including the Zoophthora radicans entomopathogenic fungus. Since there are no reports of Beauveria bassiana, the aim of this study was to register its pathogenicity with respect to this insect in a laboratory setting. Yerba mate branches were kept in glass flasks with water and we infested each leaf with 20 newly-emerged nymphs. We prepared three replicates per treatment. We sprayed conidia suspensions (1 × 109 conidia/mL) onto the branches, which we transferred to cages and kept in an acclimatized room (26 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% of relative humidity (R.H.) with a photophase of 14 hours). We evaluated insect mortality daily, and after five days we observed a high level of pathogenicity due to the presence of the fungus, that could be visually observed on the cadaver. The total mortality varied from 25 to 70% (respectively for Unioeste 4 and CG 716) and the confirmed mortality was 30% for Unioeste 52, revealing the fungus' potential. However, more studies are necessary in order to evaluate the strains of this fungus, as well as other species.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN IN VITRO JAMUR Beauveria bassiana MUTAN SERTA VIRULENSINYA TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP POLONG KEDELAI (Riptortus linearis) DI LABORATORIUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Lita Aprianda Sari ◽  
F.X. Susilo ◽  
Yuyun Fitriana ◽  
Lestari Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Lethal Time

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan dan perkembangan in vitro jamur Beauveria bassiana mutan serta virulensinya terhadap hama pengisap polong kedelai, R. linearis. Penelitian dilakukan di LaboratoriumBioteknologi Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dan dilaksanakan bulan Januari - Juni 2017. Uji pertumbuhan B. bassiana secara in vitro menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Uji virulensi jamur B. bassiana terhadap R. linearis menggunakan analisis probit. Virulensi diindikasikan dengan LT 50 atau lethal time 50, yaitu waktu yang dibutuhkan jamur ini untuk mematikan 50% larva uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat Bbyf22 dan Bbyf24 (mutan) mampu tumbuh dan berkembangdengan normal seperti isolat Bbyf (wildtype). Jamur B. bassiana terbukti virulen terhadap hama R. linearis dengan LT 50 = 3,7 hari (isolat Bbyf22, mutan); 4,9 hari (isolat Bbyf24, mutan); dan 3,5 hari (isolat Bbyf, wildtype).

scholarly journals Mortality of Conotrachelus humeropictus in response to combined application of the nematode Steinernema brazilense and the fungus Beauveria bassiana

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Detogni Simi ◽  
Luís Garrigós Leite ◽  
Olzeno Trevisan ◽  
José Nilton Medeiros Costa ◽  
Leandro Ezequiel Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana Isolates ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT: The fruit borer Conotrachelus humeropictus is one of the most important pests of the cupuaçu crop, and can promote yield losses of around 50%. The present study involved the selection of Beauveria bassiana isolates on Conotrachelus psidii larvae, which was used as test insect due to its taxonomic closeness to C. humeropictus. In order to assess their interaction using combined application, we studied the ability of the nematode to carry conidia of B. bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to soil layers. This study also aimed to establish a biological control method for cupuaçu borer with the use of the fungus B. bassiana at 10 kg/ha and the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema brazilense at 1, 3, 9, and 27 IJ/cm2, applied as single and combined treatments. In the selection of B. bassiana strains for C. psidii, the IBCB 276 and IBCB 165 isolates were the most promising ones, causing 86 and 84% mortality, respectively. The IBCB 276 strain was applied in the field to control C. humeropictus. In the study of carriage of conidia in soil, the nematode S. brazilense was found to be capable of carrying conidia of B. bassiana to deep 7 to 10 cm soil layers. This was not observed with M. anisopliae, found only in the topsoil. In field trials against C. humeropictus larvae, B. bassiana promoted 15.6% mortality. The nematode promoted 60.0% mortality at the highest concentration used, and their combined use with B. bassiana (10 kg/ha) increased mortality to 65.6%, with an additive interaction observed between the two entomopathogens.

scholarly journals Prognostic Relevance and Function of MSX2 in Colorectal Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Liu ◽  
Huaying An ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
Lianzhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
And Function

Colorectal cancer patients with diabetes had the high risks of total mortality. High expression of MSX2 is related to development of diabetes. There are few reports about the clinical implications and function of MSX2 in colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the expression of MSX2 and clinical relevance and discover the possible mechanism of MSX2 in the development of CRC. Compared with adjacent tissues, the expression of MSX2 was higher in tumor tissues in both mRNA and protein levels (P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high mRNA expression of MSX2 was associated with short survival time (P=0.013). Chi-squared test analysis indicated that MSX2 expression was related to tumor size (P=0.04), tumor locus (P=0.025), clinical stage (P<0.001), tumor invasion (P=0.003), lymphatic metastasis (P=0.01), and distant metastasis (P=0.033). In vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of MSX2 expression attenuated cell proliferation and invasion, promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inactivated Akt phosphorylation. In conclusion, MSX2 played a crucial role in the progression of CRC and may be a potential novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target for CRC therapy. Our work may provide certain enlightenment for investigating the mechanism of MSX2 in the process of diabetes.

Modelling Beauveria bassiana horizontal transmission

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Long ◽  
Francis A. Drummond ◽  
Eleanor Groden ◽  
Darrell W. Donahue
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Horizontal Transmission

scholarly journals Uji Beberapa Dosis Tepung Daun Gamal (Gliricididia sepium Jacq.) Terhadap Sitophilus oryzae L. Pada Beras Di Penyimpanan

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Rusli Rustam ◽  
Agus Sutikno ◽  
Jamiatul Laila
Keyword(s):  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dose Levels

Rice is one of serealea comodity that susceptible with pest storage. One of the pest that often attack the rice in storage is Sitophilus oryzae L. The alternative for control S. oryzae L. as fumigant which enviromentally sound is Gliricidia sepium Jacq. as organic insecticide. This research aims to get the best dose G. sepium Jacq. leaf powder to control S. oryzae L. pest in rice storage. This research conducted at Laboratory of Plant Pest, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekan baru from Mei until Juni 2016. This research arranged experimentally by using Completely Randomized Design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consist of 5 dose levels were 0 g/100 g rice, 2 g/100 g rice, 4 g/100 g rice, 6 g/100 g rice and 8 g/100 g rice. The result showed that giving of G. sepium Jacq. leaf powder with dose 8 g/100 g rice causes time of death beginningS. oryzae L. during 31.50 hours after application, lethal time 50 during 282.8 hours after application, total mortality was 70%, amount of generation was 9,75 beetles and  decrease of seed weight’s rice was 1.08%.

scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the control of the mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Soares Barreto ◽  
Edmilson Jacinto Marques ◽  
Manoel Guedes Corrêa Gondim Jr. ◽  
José Vargas de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Green Mite ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Selection Of

The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite.

scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI KERAPATAN SPORA Beauveria bassiana DAN KONSENTRASI LCPKS TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Oryctes rhinoceros

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Fadhillah ◽  
Nur Ariyani Agustani ◽  
Jurlaili Irni
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Oryctes Rhinoceros ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Oryctes rhinoceros beetle is one of the pests that attacksimmature oil palm plants.This pest attacks oil palm plants in larvae or imago phase. This pest is usually damaging the respiratory roots, trunk bark, dry petiole,or periphery crown of oil palm leaves which can interferes the leaf growth and finally reduce the production even collapse the tree. Chemically pest control have the positive impact with faster pest death beside the negative impacts such as resistance, resurgence, disturbing human health and also environmental and ecosystem pollution. Biological control is one alternative pest control that is safe for the environment and can reduce chemical residues in agricultural products and environment. This study was conducted in Medan Denai district on July – Agustus 2019. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of Beauveria bassiana and palm oil mill effluent to control Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. The method used in this study is a two factorial randomized block design (RBD), with 2 replications. The results of this study showed that the best density of Beauveria bassiana spores in controlling Oryctes rhinoceros larvae was 109 spores / ml and 50ml LCPKS  (I2Q2) with death time of 40 hours, daily mortality 60%, total mortality 100%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document