scholarly journals Uji Beberapa Dosis Tepung Daun Gamal (Gliricididia sepium Jacq.) Terhadap Sitophilus oryzae L. Pada Beras Di Penyimpanan

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Rusli Rustam ◽  
Agus Sutikno ◽  
Jamiatul Laila
Keyword(s):  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dose Levels

Rice is one of serealea comodity that susceptible with pest storage. One of the pest that often attack the rice in storage is Sitophilus oryzae L. The alternative for control S. oryzae L. as fumigant which enviromentally sound is Gliricidia sepium Jacq. as organic insecticide. This research aims to get the best dose G. sepium Jacq. leaf powder to control S. oryzae L. pest in rice storage. This research conducted at Laboratory of Plant Pest, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekan baru from Mei until Juni 2016. This research arranged experimentally by using Completely Randomized Design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consist of 5 dose levels were 0 g/100 g rice, 2 g/100 g rice, 4 g/100 g rice, 6 g/100 g rice and 8 g/100 g rice. The result showed that giving of G. sepium Jacq. leaf powder with dose 8 g/100 g rice causes time of death beginningS. oryzae L. during 31.50 hours after application, lethal time 50 during 282.8 hours after application, total mortality was 70%, amount of generation was 9,75 beetles and  decrease of seed weight’s rice was 1.08%.

scholarly journals UJI BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK KULIT JENGKOL (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN ULAT DAUN BAWANG (Spodoptera exigua Hubner)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Divasyah Luthfi Nasution ◽  
Rusli Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Botanical Pesticides ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Production Losses

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Hubner) is one of the main problems in shallot cultivation which can cause production losses of up to 100% if not controlled. The use of botanical pesticides from jengkol rind extract (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth) is a solution to control beet armyworms (Spodoptera exigua Hubner). This study aims to obtain a concentration of jengkol rind extract which is effective to controlling beet armyworm. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pest and Experimental Garden at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau from January until March 2020. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments given were jengkol rind extract concentration   0 g.l-1 water, 25 g.l-1 water, 50 g.l-1 water, 75 g.l-1 water and 100 g.l-1 water. The results indicate that the application of jengkol rind extract 100 gl-1 water is an effective concentration to control beet armyworm with an initial time of death 12.75 hours, a lethal time 50 at 37.50 hours, the highest daily mortality on the second day at 37.5% and total mortality is 92.5% in the 5 days after application.

UJI BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN LARVA Lamprosema indicata F. PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merill)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Desita Salbiah ◽  
Nelly Andria
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The Lamprosema indicata Fabricius larvae is one of the main pests in soybean plantations, which cause up to 80% damage. The alternative control is the use of neem Leafs (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) which have the potential as a botanical insecticide. This research aims to find out the effective concentration of neem Leafs extract to control Lamprosema indicata F. larvae on soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). The research was conducted at the Laboratory Plant Pest and Experimental Farm in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau from May to October 2018. The research was carried out by using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications to obtain 24 experimental units. Treatment consist of several concentrations of neem leafs extract 0 g.l-1 water, 20 g.l-1 water, 40 g.l-1 water, 60 g.l-1 water, 80 g.l-1 water and 100 g.l-1 water. The results showed that the concentration of 80 g.l-1 water was effective to control the L. indicata larvae with an initial death time of 5.50 hours and total mortality was 87.50%.

scholarly journals UJI BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK TEPUNG DAUN SRIKAYA (Annona squamosa L.) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA Aphis gossypii Glover PADA TANAMAN CABAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Hafiz Fauzana ◽  
Rizky Aulina Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
The Right

Aphis gossypii Glover is the main pest that attacks chili plants. Control efforts that are often carried out are by using synthetic insecticides. Safe pest control is the use of vegetable insecticides. Srikaya is a plant that can be used as a botanical insecticide. The purpose of this study was to obtain an effective concentration of srikaya leaf powder extract against A. gossypii pest mortality. This research was conducted at the Plant Pest Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University from March to July 2019. The study was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments given were extracts of srikaya leaf flour with the following concentrations: Srikaya flour with a concentration of 0 g.l-1 water, 20 g.l-1 water, 40 g.l-1 water, 60 g.l-1 water, 80 g.l-1 water, 100 g.l-1 water. The parameters observed were the initial time of death of Aphis gossypii, Lethal time 50 (LT50), daily mortality, total mortality, Lethal concentration (LC50), temperature and humidity. The results of this study indicate that the application of the extract of srikaya leaf flour (Annona squamosa L.) on concentration of 40 gl-1 srikaya leaf meal was an effective concentration to control A. gossypii which can cause total mortality of 82.5% with LC 50% is 1.37% or equivalent to 13.7 gl-1, and the right concentration to kill. 95% of pests is 6.37% or equivalent to 63.7 gl-1.

scholarly journals UJI BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BIJI PINANG (Areca catechu L.) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA ULAT JENGKAL (Chrysodeixis chalcites Esper) PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Desita Salbiah ◽  
Rusli Rustam ◽  
Forti Senorita Daeli
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Areca Catechu ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Chrysodeixis Chalcites ◽  
Soybean Plants

Chrysodeixis chalcites Esper is the main pests in soybean plants cultivation that can cause damage up to 90%.  One of controlling was done by using areca nuts (Areca catechu L.) which has a potential as a botanical insecticide. This study aimed to obtain effective concentrations of areca nuts extract to control Chrysodeixis chalcites Esper pests on soybean plants (Glycine max L.). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pest and Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru from August to November 2018. The study was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of five treatments and four replications, namely: the concentration areca nuts extract 0 g.l-1 water, 20 g.l-1 water, 40 g.l-1 water, 60 g.l-1 water, and 80 g.l-1 water. The results showed that the concentration of 80 g.l-1 of water was an effective concentration to control Chrysodeixis chalcites pest with an initial death time of 14 hours, lethal time 50 29.25 hours after application, and total mortality of 87.50%.

Pengaruh Pemberian Moringa oleifera Terhadap Kuantitas dan Kualitas Semen Sapi Peranakan Ongole

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Lukman Affandhy ◽  
Muchamad Luthfi ◽  
Dian Ratnawati ◽  
Frediansyah Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Second Period

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daun Moringa oleifera (MO) terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas semen sapi peranakan ongole (PO). Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan pemberian MO sebesar 0 kg/ekor/hari (P1); 0,05 kg/ekor/hari (P2) dan 0,1 kg/ekor/hari (P3). Analsis data menggunakan one way analysis of variance. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas empat ekor dengan tiga periode pengamatan sebagai ulangan, yaitu periode pertama dan ketiga tanpa MO, dan periode kedua diberikan MO pada P2 dan P3. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa volume dan pH semen perlakuan P1, P2 dan P3 tidak berbeda semua periode pengamatan. Motilitas massa spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukan nilai +++ berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1 (++); motilitas individu  perlakuan P1 menunjukkan nilai terendah 60,56±2,94 % (P<0,05) dibandingkan P2 dan P3 pada periode kedua dan ketiga (75,50±2,29 dan 72,50±2,34%). Konsentrasi spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan rata-rata  >1.350 juta/ml berbeda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (876±152juta/ml), sedangkan total spermatozoa motil menunjukkan nilai tertinggi 5.647±829 juta/ml pada P3 periode kedua.Viabilitas spermatozoa P2 dan P3 menunjukkan nilai >88-89 % beda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (<84 %) pada periode kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan nilai abnormalitas spermatozoa yang terbaik adalah P2 sebesar 4,30% pada periode kedua dan P3 sebesar 5,33% pada periode ketiga. Disimpulkan pemberian bubuk daun MO dengan dosis 0,1 kg/ekor/hari dapat memperbaiki kuantitas dan kualitas semen (viabilitas dan total spermatozoa motil) sapi pejantan PO.Kata kunci:  kuantitas dan kualitas semen, Moringa oleifera, sapi pejantan ABSTRACTThe research aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on the quantity and quality of semen of ongole crossbreed. The research method used was a field experiment with a completely randomized design with three treatments giving MO of 0 kg/head/day (P1); 0.05 kg/head/day (P2) and 0.1 kg/head/day (P3). Each treatment consisted of four heads with three periods of observation as replications, namely the first and third periods without MO, and the second period was given MO on P2 and P3. Data analysis used a one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the volume and pH of semen treated P1, P2, and P3 didn’t different in all observation periods. The second and third period spermatozoa mass motility of P2 and P3 showed that the value of +++ was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to P1 (++); Individual motility of P1 treatment showed the lowest value 60,56±2,94 % (P<0.05) compared to P2 and P3 in the second and third periods (75,50±2,29 and 72,50±2,34%). The second and third periods of P2 and P3 spermatozoa concentrations showed an average of >1,350 million/cc significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (876±152 million/cc), while the total motile spermatozoa showed the highest value of 5,647±829 million/cc in the second period P3. The spermatozoa viability of P2 and P3 showed values >88-89% significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (<84%) in the second and third periods, while the best spermatozoa abnormalities were P2 at 4.30% in the second period and P3 at 5.33% in the third period. It was concluded that the giving of MO leaf powder at a dose of 0,1 kg/head/day could improve the quantity and quality of semen (viability and total motile spermatozoa) of Ongole Crossbreed bulls. Keywords: bulls, Moringa oleifera, quantity and quality of semen

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous neem seed extract via irrigation on larvae of Liriomyza sativae in melon crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewerton M Costa ◽  
Francisco EL Silva ◽  
Elton L Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Liriomyza Sativae ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Soil Irrigation ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pupal Mortality ◽  
Neem Seed Extract

ABSTRACT The leafminer [Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] is one of the main pests of melon crop (Cucumis melo) in the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará. Thus, adopting strategies to control this destructive insect is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous neem seed extract, applied to soil via irrigation, on leafminer larvae, in the melon crop. An experiment was conducted in greenhouse, in completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments (four doses of aqueous neem seed extract: 1; 3; 5 and 10 g/100 mL) and the control consisting only of distilled water and 10 replicates (melon plants). The treatments were applied in a single dose, via soil irrigation. In the first stage of the evaluation, 24 hours after application, the number of dead larvae per plant was counted. In the second step, pupal mortality was recorded. The total mortality was also calculated considering the number of larvae and the number of emerged adults. We verified that, increasing the concentration of aqueous neem seed extract, an increase in the larval and pupal mortality of the leafminer in melon crop was noticed. The concentration 10 g/100 mL presented the best results, resulting in 36.4% of larval mortality, 96.5% of pupal mortality and 96.8% of total mortality.

scholarly journals Rumen fermentation kinetics as impacted by red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus, L) leaf powder using in vitro gas production technique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiwakorn Ampapon ◽  
Bounnaxay Viennasay ◽  
Metha Wanapat
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract Background A need for research searching for alternative rumen enhancers warrants immediate attention. The in vitro fermentation experiment was conducted using factorial arrangement of two factors of roughage to concentrate and seven level of red amaranth leaf powder percentage of total substrate in a Completely randomized design (CRD). Two factors, namely Factor A was two ratio of roughage (R) to concentrate (C) at 60:40 and 40:60 and Factor B was level of red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus, L) leaf powder (RALP) supplementation at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12% of total dietary substrate. Results Red amaranth leaf powder (RALP) contained phytonutrients both condensed tannins and saponins in addition with high macro minerals (Ca, K, and Mg). This experiment revealed innovations of the RALP supplementation by enhancing rumen propionate (C3) production, reducing acetate (C2) to (C3) ratio, reducing protozoal population and mitigating methane (CH4) production. Furthermore, rumen dry matter degradation percentages were remarkably enhanced (P < 0.001) by increasing RALP supplementation. Conclusion Plants rich in phytonutrients and minerals such as red amaranth leaf powder (RALP) have a vital and promising role in modulating rumen fermentation, mitigating methane production, as well as increasing substrate degradability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Breadfruit Leaf Flour (Artocarpus altilis) on Number of Blood Cells And Correlation Between Cholesterol Blood and Meat of Tegal Ducks 10 Weeks Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Elly Tugiyanti ◽  
Emmy Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this research was to know the effect of breadfruit leaves flour in feed to blood profile and correlation between cholesterol, HDL and LDL of blood with meat cholesterol of maleTegal duck of 10 weeks old. The material used was Day Old Duck of male Tegal duck  as much as 120 heads with experimental research methods and Completely Randomized Design (CRD). There were 6 treatments: feed without breadfruit leaf powder, feed + breadfruit flour 3% / kg feed, feed + breadfruit flour 6% / kg feed, feed + breadfruit flour 9% / kg feed, feed + flour breadfruit 12% / kg feed, and feed + breadfruit flour 15% / kg feed. Each treatment was repeated 5 times and each replication consisted of 4 ducks. The variables observed were the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, HDL, LDL, blood triglycerides, correlation between cholesterol, HDL and LDL blood with meat cholesterol of male Tegal duck of 10 weeks old.  The result of the analysis showed that the supplementation of breadfruit leaves has significant effect (P <0,05) on the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, HDL, and blood triglyceride. There is a positive correlation between blood cholesterol with duck meat cholesterol which given breadfruit leaf powder. This research can be concluded that the supplementation of breadfruit leaf powder (Artocarpus altilis) can increase the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, blood HDL level but lowers blood cholesterol and triglyceride blood of male Tegal duck of 10 weeks old. Cholesterol meat is affected by blood cholesterol with regression coefficient of 0.780941, influenced by LDL (r = 0.407849), but negatively affected by HDL (r = -0.47022).

Physiology and bromatology of Oryctolagus cunicullus L. 1758 fed browse legume with enzyme levels

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A.M. Ogungbesan ◽  
O.E. Fasina ◽  
E.O. Alagbe ◽  
O.O. Eniolorunda
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding rabbits with Maxigrain® (M) enzyme supplemented Gliricidia sepium leaf meal (GLM) on their physiology, performance characteristics, and nutrients digestibility. Twenty weaned rabbits of mixed sexes, 5-6 weeks old, were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments including 0 g M which was soybean without M (control) and GLM supplemented with M at 50, 100, 150 and 200 g M per kilogramme of GLM. There were four rabbits per treatment and one rabbit as replicate in a completely randomized design. There were no significant (p > 0.05) treatment effects in all physiological and performance indices as well as those of crude fat, fibre and NFE digestibilities. There were variations (p < 0.05) due to the treatment effects on dry matter, crude protein and ash digestiblities. This implies that the feeding of soft faeces directly from the caecum called coprophagy mechanism in rabbits has its concomitant nutritional benefits. This advantageous benefit can enable rabbit to effectively and efficiently utilize forage or forage-based diet with or without enzyme supplementation.

Performance of various admixtures for controlling ground nutseed beetle in storage condition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravasini Behera ◽  
Anita Mohanty ◽  
Dharitri Patra ◽  
D.S. Kar
Keyword(s):  
Storage Condition ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Caryedon Serratus ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Insecticidal Plants

Groundnut is the largest oilseed in India in terms of production. Caryedon serratus (Olivier) (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) is one of the major pests of groundnut. It infests groundnut by making characteristic round holes on them which causes qualitative and quantitative losses. Considering limitations of chemical use, there is a need for alternate methods. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of insecticidal plants: neem (Azadirachta indica), begunia (Vitex negundo), naguaeri (Lantana camera), custard apple (Annona reticulatnm) and powder of turmeric rhizome and red chili against the groundnut bruchid (Caryedon serratus). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Parameters assessed included number of number of adults that emerged from each treatment,percentage of loss of the pod in 1st,2nd and 3rd month. The relative efficacy of plant product admixtures @2.0%(w/w) showed that, best protection was offered by neem leaf powder followed by turmeric rhizome powder. Weight loss of pods in neem leaf powder was 1.1%,4.0% and 10.13% on comparision to 14.2%, 17.63 and 29.23% in control after first, second and third month respectively.

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