scholarly journals Intraoperative Use of Mixed Reality Technology in Median Neck and Branchial Cyst Excision

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Ivanov ◽  
Anton M. Krivtsov ◽  
Sergey V. Strelkov ◽  
Nikolay V. Kalakutskiy ◽  
Andrey I. Yaremenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Branchial Cyst ◽  
Cyst Excision ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Microsoft Hololens ◽  
Time Required

The paper considers the possibilities, prospects, and drawbacks of the mixed reality (MR) technology application using mixed reality smartglasses Microsoft HoloLens 2. The main challenge was to find and develop an approach that would allow surgeons to conduct operations using mixed reality on a large scale, reducing the preparation time required for the procedure and without having to create custom solutions for each patient. Research was conducted in three clinical cases: two median neck and one branchial cyst excisions. In each case, we applied a unique approach of hologram positioning in space based on mixed reality markers. As a result, we listed a series of positive and negative aspects related to MR surgery, along with proposed solutions for using MR in surgery on a daily basis.

scholarly journals 28 Shifting to Virtual MDT in the COVID-19 Era and Beyond

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Vijayan ◽  
K Malik ◽  
K Natarajan ◽  
J Berland ◽  
D Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Clinician Training ◽  
Smart Glasses ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Image Characteristics ◽  
Microsoft Hololens ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Virtual Ecosystem

Abstract Aim The COVID19 pandemic has accelerated the need for staff to work remotely. Our aim was to demonstrate how a next-generation digital platform could be used to create a virtual MDT ecosystem in order to manipulate holographic 2D and 3D images in real-time. Method This study involved setting up a mock virtual MDT using de-identified DICOM files from a patient who had been treated for colorectal cancer and then subsequently found to have a liver metastasis. The image file was segmented and converted into a 2D and 3D format for visualisation within Microsoft HoloLens 2 ® (smart glasses) using Holocare Solutions ® (Mixed Reality software). Results A seamless cross-border pipeline was developed that involved "clinician" training, DICOM segmentation and virtual connection. We successfully performed a virtual MDT with participants able to visualise and manipulate a virtual 3D organ in real-time. The digital network remotely connected sites in England and Norway. The streaming quality was stable and HIPAA compliant. Each participant could observe others as "avatars" interacting with images within the virtual ecosystem allowing image characteristics to be highlighted. Conclusions We successfully conducted a virtual MDT using novel hardware and software. Our intention is to conduct a large-scale study to assess the platform's effectiveness in “Real World" MDTs.

scholarly journals Statistical and machine learning models for optimizing energy in parallel applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Endrei ◽  
Chao Jin ◽  
Minh Ngoc Dinh ◽  
David Abramson ◽  
Heidi Poxon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Parallel Applications ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Rising power costs and constraints are driving a growing focus on the energy efficiency of high performance computing systems. The unique characteristics of a particular system and workload and their effect on performance and energy efficiency are typically difficult for application users to assess and to control. Settings for optimum performance and energy efficiency can also diverge, so we need to identify trade-off options that guide a suitable balance between energy use and performance. We present statistical and machine learning models that only require a small number of runs to make accurate Pareto-optimal trade-off predictions using parameters that users can control. We study model training and validation using several parallel kernels and more complex workloads, including Algebraic Multigrid (AMG), Large-scale Atomic Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator, and Livermore Unstructured Lagrangian Explicit Shock Hydrodynamics. We demonstrate that we can train the models using as few as 12 runs, with prediction error of less than 10%. Our AMG results identify trade-off options that provide up to 45% improvement in energy efficiency for around 10% performance loss. We reduce the sample measurement time required for AMG by 90%, from 13 h to 74 min.

scholarly journals MIXED REALITY IN MEDICAL SIMULATION: A COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN METHODOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2107-2116
Author(s):  
Agnese Brunzini ◽  
Alessandra Papetti ◽  
Michele Germani ◽  
Erica Adrario
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Scenario Design ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Microsoft Hololens ◽  
Real Practice ◽  
Complete Framework

AbstractIn the medical education field, the use of highly sophisticated simulators and extended reality (XR) simulations allow training complex procedures and acquiring new knowledge and attitudes. XR is considered useful for the enhancement of healthcare education; however, several issues need further research.The main aim of this study is to define a comprehensive method to design and optimize every kind of simulator and simulation, integrating all the relevant elements concerning the scenario design and prototype development.A complete framework for the design of any kind of advanced clinical simulation is proposed and it has been applied to realize a mixed reality (MR) prototype for the simulation of the rachicentesis. The purpose of the MR application is to immerse the trainee in a more realistic environment and to put him/her under pressure during the simulation, as in real practice.The application was tested with two different devices: the headset Vox Gear Plus for smartphone and the Microsoft Hololens. Eighteen students of the 6th year of Medicine and Surgery Course were enrolled in the study. Results show the comparison of user experience related to the two different devices and simulation performance using the Hololens.

Prognostic criteria for Polar Lows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Vazaeva ◽  
Otto Chkhetiani ◽  
Michael Kurgansky
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Polar Lows ◽  
Prognostic Criteria ◽  
Main Challenge

<p>Polar lows (PLs) are important mesoscale (horizontal diameter up to 1000 km) maritime weather systems at high latitudes, forming pole ward from the polar front. We consider the possible prognostic criteria of PLs, in particular, the kinematic helicity as a quadratic characteristic related to the integral vortex formations and the kinematic vorticity number (KVN). To calculate such characteristics we use reanalysis data and the results of numerical simulation with the WRF-ARW model (Version 4.1.) for the PLs over the Nordic (Norwegian and Barents) seas. For comparison, experimental data are used.</p><p>Our estimate of helicity is based on the connection of an integral helicity (IH) in the Ekman layer with the geostrophic wind velocity, due to the good correlation between IH and half the sum of the wind velocity squared. We have chosen IH averaged over preselected area covering the locality of PLs genesis. This area was moving along with the centre of PL during the numerical simulation.</p><p>The genesis of PLs can be divided into three stages: (i) an initial development stage, in which a number of small vortices appear in a shear zone; (ii) a late development stage, characterized by the merger of vortices; (iii) a mature stage, in which only a single PL is present. Approximately one day before PL formation, a significant increase in helicity was observed. The average helicity bulk density of large-scale motions has values of 0.3 – 0.4 ms<sup>-2</sup>. The local changes in helicity are adjacent to the front side of the PLs. The IH criterion described facilitates the identification of the PLs genesis area. For a more detailed analysis of the PL genesis, it is recommended to apply KVN, which is the additional indicator of PL size and intensity. At the moment of maximum intensity of PLs KVN can reach values of 12 – 14 units. The advantage of using KVN is also in its clear change directly in the centre of the emerging PLs, which allows to precisely indicates the limits of the most intense part of PLs.</p><p>The main challenge is to make the operational forecast of PLs possible through the selection of the prognostic integral characteristics of PLs, sufficient for PLs identification and for analysis of their size and intensity in a convenient, usable and understandable way. The criteria associated with vorticity and helicity are reflected in the PLs genesis and development quite clearly. At this time, such a claim is only a hypothesis, which must be tested using a larger set of cases. Future work will need to extend these analyses to other active PL basins. Also, it would be interesting to compare the representation of PLs by using any other criteria. It is intended to use our combined criteria as a precursor to machine learning-based PLs identification procedure where satellite image analysis and capture of particular cloud patterns are currently applied in most of the cases. It would eliminate the time consuming first stage of collecting data sets.</p><p>This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-17-00248).</p>

Teleradiology uppsala–sydney for nighttime emergencies: preliminary experience

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 851-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Eklöf ◽  
E. Radecka ◽  
P. Liss
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Digital Imaging Systems ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Radiological Examinations ◽  
Sydney Australia

Background: The development of digital imaging systems for radiology in combination with the possibility to transfer large quantities of data over the Internet has increased the interest in teleradiology. Transferring nighttime examinations to an evaluation center in a daytime zone may provide improved patient security, better working hours for radiologists, and reduced costs for emergency radiological services. Purpose: To evaluate the time required for transferring radiological information from Uppsala (Sweden) to Sydney (Australia). Material and Methods: A radiologist in Sydney reported on radiological examinations performed in Uppsala. The time required for downloading 75 examinations and returning 24 reports was registered. Results: Downloading was completed in <60 min for all conventional radiological examinations, but only 44% of computed tomography (CT) examinations with >65 images. Reports were completed in <10 min. Turnaround time was directly related to the time required for downloading the images. The Sydney report was available in Uppsala within 30 min of the in-house report in 79% of examinations. Conclusion: The main challenge for emergency teleradiology is the time required for downloading large volumes of data over the Internet.

The Study of Energy Storage Technology Application in Wind Power Integration

2013 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
Xiao Ning Xu ◽  
Xue Song Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Wind Power Integration ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
Energy Storage Technology

The classification and application range of energy storage technology are briefly introduced. Challenges for large-scale wind power integration are summarized. With regard to the problems in system stability, low voltage ride-through ability of wind the turbine generator, and power quality, the paper elaborated some solutions based on energy storage technology, and analyzed their advantages and disadvantages. With the character of energy storage technology combined, the paper put forward some advice of energy storage technology applying in wind power integration.

scholarly journals Unobtrusive monitoring: Statistical dissemination latency estimation in Bitcoin’s peer-to-peer network

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243475
Author(s):  
David Mödinger ◽  
Jan-Hendrik Lorenz ◽  
Rens W. van der Heijden ◽  
Franz J. Hauck
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Connection Number ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

The cryptocurrency system Bitcoin uses a peer-to-peer network to distribute new transactions to all participants. For risk estimation and usability aspects of Bitcoin applications, it is necessary to know the time required to disseminate a transaction within the network. Unfortunately, this time is not immediately obvious and hard to acquire. Measuring the dissemination latency requires many connections into the Bitcoin network, wasting network resources. Some third parties operate that way and publish large scale measurements. Relying on these measurements introduces a dependency and requires additional trust. This work describes how to unobtrusively acquire reliable estimates of the dissemination latencies for transactions without involving a third party. The dissemination latency is modelled with a lognormal distribution, and we estimate their parameters using a Bayesian model that can be updated dynamically. Our approach provides reliable estimates even when using only eight connections, the minimum connection number used by the default Bitcoin client. We provide an implementation of our approach as well as datasets for modelling and evaluation. Our approach, while slightly underestimating the latency distribution, is largely congruent with observed dissemination latencies.

scholarly journals Space-Time Cube and Mixed Reality – New Approaches to Support Understanding Historical Landscape Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mathias Jahnke ◽  
Edyta P. Bogucka ◽  
Maria Turchenko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Visual Variables ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Microsoft Hololens

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Mixed reality is a rather new technology but came to its nowadays success through the availability of devices like Microsoft HoloLens which easily support the users and developers to use such devices. Therefore, visualization specialists like cartographers paid attention due to interaction possibilities such devices provide. In particular, to utilize the huge amount of opportunities such device gave. The applicability within the cartographic domain needs to be further investigated.</p><p>The main goal of this contribution is to evaluate the applicability of a mixed reality device in the domain of spatio-temporal representations on the example of the space-time cube to show cultural landscape changes. The hologram of the space-time cube provides the changes of the Royal Castle in Warsaw and their surrounding elements. The hologram therefore incorporated the different buildings of the castle, space-time prisms and space-time links to connect building elements over the years. The visual variables colour hue, colour value and transparency are mainly used to feature distinguishable space-time prisms and to show the space-time links. Different colour schemes are developed which features the characteristics of a mixed reality device. The possibilities of input actions are ranging from gaze/head movement, to gesture and voice.</p><p>The usability evaluation of the mixed reality hologram showed the overall comfort of interactions, perception of the visual components of the space-time cube and determines advantageous features and limitations of the technology. Most of the found limitations are connected to current devices, like e.g. resolution or field of view. An important aspect which came out is, that the experience the user has which such devices/technology plays an important role in successfully use and knowledge discovery from such applications.</p>

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