Oxygen Consumption and Ammonia Excretion of Marphysa sanguinea (Polychaeta: Eunicidae) in Relation to Body Mass and Temperature

(1) Background: Marphysa sanguinea is a polychaete with high economic value and ecological importance. Information on metabolism is important to understand the physiological action of organisms. (2) Methods: The rates of oxygen consumption (R) and ammonia excretion (U) were measured using different temperatures (T) and body mass (M) levels. The activation energy (E) was calculated using the universal temperature dependence theory. (3) Results: Oxygen consumption presented a curve with an upward trend first, and then a downward trend, and ammonia excretion displayed a “U” curve. The effects of temperature and body size on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates were extremely significant. Small individuals had higher metabolic rates than large polychaetes at the same temperature. The relationship between oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion, and M was expressed as Y = a·Mb, bR = 0.56 ± 0.09, and bU = 0.35 ± 0.30. The oxygen consumption activation energy was ER = 0.68 eV, and the ammonia excretion activation energy was EU = 0.53 eV. The O:N ratio at different temperatures and body sizes was in the range of 3.55–56.44. (4) Conclusions: The results not only provide basic data on the metabolism of M. sanguinea but also insights to understand the relationship between animal metabolism and ecological factors from different perspectives.

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Changes in scaling of respiratory systems during the development of fishes

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400043356 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 489-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

G. M. Hughes ◽

N. K. Al-Kadhomiy

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Body Mass ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Body Weight Changes ◽

Constant Change ◽

Gill Area ◽

The Relationship ◽

Exchange Surface ◽

Respiratory Area

Relationships between respiratory area, oxygen consumption, and body mass have been examined during the development of water- and air-breathing fish. It is concluded that there is at least one stage at which the slope of the relationship between log gill area and log body weight changes during fish development. This usually occurs in the weight range 0.05–1.0 g and is often associated with a distinct metamorphosis, but no common functional significance can be attached to them. However, the change in slope does not appear to be associated with a comparable inflexion in the corresponding relationship between body mass and oxygen consumption (routine). It seems probable that other surfaces are important during these transitions and that the total gas-exchange surface of the fish shows a more constant change throughout the life history. Further analyses of a wider range of species is required to test this hypothesis.

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Oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of the searobin Prionotus punctatus (Scorpaeniformes, Triglidae) at two different temperatures

Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia ◽

10.1590/s1413-77391999000200002 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 127-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vicente Gomes ◽

Phan Van Ngan ◽

Maria José de Arruda Campos Rocha Passos ◽

Liliana Lucia Christina Forneris

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Energy Budget ◽

Ammonia Excretion ◽

South Atlantic ◽

Weight Class ◽

Metabolic Processes ◽

Different Temperatures

Routine oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion were measured at 20ºC and 25ºC in the searobin Prionotus punctatus collected in Ubatuba region (22º30'S), SP, Brazil, in western South Atlantic, to investigate energy expenditure and losses through metabolic processes. IndividuaIs ranging from 1.00g to 88.47g and from 1.79g to 56.50g were used in experiments at 20ºC and 25ºC, respectively. At 20ºC and 25ºC, the averages of weight-specific oxygen consumption for the weight class of 1.00 - 10.00g, common to both temperatures, were 162.46µ 39.51 µ.10z/g/h and 200.47µ 92.46 µ.10z/g/h, respectively; for the weight class of 50.01 - 60.00g these values were 112.30 µ 22.84 µ.10z/g/h and 114.60 µ 20.36 µ.10zlg/h. At 20ºC and 25ºC, the averages of weight-specific ammonia excretion for the weight class of 1.00 to 1O.00g were 1.03 µ 0.37 fJ.M/g/h and 1.21 µ 0.65 µ.M/g/h, respectively; for the weight class of 50.01 -60.00g these values were 0.68 µ 0.13 fJ.M/g/h and 0.60 µ 0.22 µ.M/g/h. The energy budget for the species was calculated at both temperatures using the experimental data and a model for marine teleosts proposed in the literature.

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Recrystallization Behavior of High-Strength AA 7075 Alloy Processed by New Short-Cycled Thermo-Mechanical Processing

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.1269 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 794-796 ◽

pp. 1269-1274 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wang Tu Huo ◽

Ming Xing Guo ◽

Long Gang Hou ◽

Hua Cui ◽

Tao Tao Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Solution Treatment ◽

High Strength ◽

Mechanical Processing ◽

Recrystallization Behavior ◽

Structures And Properties ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Aa 7075 ◽

7075 Alloy ◽

The Relationship

Recrystallization behavior under different conditions (different temperatures and times) of AA 7075 alloy processed by new short-cycled thermo-mechanical processing was investigated to design a suitable recrystallization schedule. With acquiring recrystallization activation energy by DSC, the recrystallization behavior was successfully verified by theoretical calculation. Experimental results of recrystallization response and re-dissolution of precipitates during isothermal annealing reveal excellent agreement with DSC prediction. The results show that the obtained activation energy of recrystallization can be used to establish the relationship between recrystallization temperatures and times. It is proposed that an appropriate recrystallization treatment (703-753 K/1-5 min) could be used to acquire completely recrystallized grains with size <10 μm, contributing to better formability/ductility. The coarsening rate of these fine recrystallized grains is fairly low even though extending the solution treatment times at 753 K. Therefore, it indicates that the recrystallization dynamical equation would be a useful method to adjust recrystallization temperatures and times to satisfy various requirements of structures and properties.

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Effects of salinity and body mass on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology ◽

10.1007/s00343-015-4107-9 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 92-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fujun Cao ◽

Hui Wang

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Body Mass ◽

Ammonia Excretion ◽

Boleophthalmus Pectinirostris

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OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIA EXCRETION OF THE ANTARCTIC AMPHIPOD Bovallia gigantea PFEFFER, 1888, AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES AND SALINITIES

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography ◽

10.1590/s1679-87592014078306204 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 315-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vicente Gomes ◽

Maria José de Arruda Campos Rocha Passos ◽

Arthur José da Silva Rocha ◽

Thais da Cruz Alves dos Santos ◽

Fabio Matsu Hasue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Ammonia Excretion ◽

Global Changes ◽

Metabolic Rates ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Total Ammonia ◽

Ecological Importance ◽

Antarctic Amphipod ◽

Excretion Rates

The energy budget of Antarctic stenothermic and/or stenohaline ectotherms is modulated by variations of temperature and salinity. The joint effects of these latter on polar organisms have been but little studied. Data on this subject are of great importance for an understanding of the energy demand of Antarctic animals such as amphipods, especially when considering their ecological importance and the possible impacts of global changes. Experiments were carried out at the Brazilian Antarctic Station "Comandante Ferraz" under controlled conditions. Specimens of Bovallia gigantea were collected in Admiralty Bay and acclimated to temperatures of 0ºC; 2.5ºC and 5ºC and to salinities of 35, 30 and 25. Thirty measurements were taken for each of the nine possible combinations of the three temperatures and the three salinities. Metabolic rates were assessed based on oxygen consumption and total ammonia nitrogenous excretion in sealed respirometers. At 0ºC and 2.5ºC, the metabolic rates of the animals that were acclimated to salinities of 30 or 35 were similar, indicating a possible mechanism of metabolic independence of temperature. However, the metabolic rates were always higher at 5.0ºC. The effects of temperature on oxygen consumption and on ammonia excretion rates were intensified by lower salinities. Individuals of B gigantea have a temperature-independent metabolic rate within a narrow temperature window that can be modified in accordance with salinity.

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Allometric Scaling Factors for Oxygen Uptake during Exercise in Children

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.7.1.12 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 12-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Danette M. Rogers ◽

Kenneth R. Turley ◽

Kathleen I. Kujawa ◽

Kevin M. Harper ◽

Jack H. Wilmore

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Body Size ◽

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Surface ◽

Allometric Scaling ◽

Scaling Factors ◽

Treadmill Testing ◽

The Relationship

This study was designed to examine the relationship between oxygen consumption and both body surface area and body mass in children to determine what allometric scaling factors from these variables provide appropriate means of expressing data for this population. These scaling factors were then compared to exponents based on theoretical and animal models to determine if the same relationships were present. Forty-two children (21 boys and 21 girls) 7 to 9 years of age participated in maximal and submaximal treadmill testing. The submaximal V̇O2 to body size relationship proved to be a more appropriate factor to use when scaling V̇O2 than the relationship seen between body size and V̇O2max. Therefore, in this population of children, V̇O2 relative to body surface area or body mass to the power 0.67, demonstrated submaximally, provided a more appropriate means of data expression both statistically and physiologically than the traditional expression of V̇O2 relative to body mass (ml·kg−1·min−1).

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Determinants of species abundance in the Quaternary vertebrate fossil record

Paleobiology ◽

10.1666/09075.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 537-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Samuel T. Turvey ◽

Tim M. Blackburn

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

General Applicability ◽

Data Set ◽

Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽

Wide Range ◽

Holocene Record ◽

Independent Calibration ◽

The Relationship

Species abundance data are of vital importance in paleontology, but fossil accumulations invariably represent a biased subset of original source communities. Efforts to quantify taphonomic biases are typically prevented by a lack of independent data on the ecological composition of prehistoric faunas. However, analysis of the continental Holocene record can provide a rare opportunity for independent calibration of fossil abundance patterns. We analyzed a comprehensive data set available for the Holocene avifauna of Sweden to investigate the relationship between species abundance in the recent fossil and zooarchaeological records and in prehistoric source communities, and to characterize the importance of different ecological factors in determining terrestrial vertebrate fossil abundances. The number of assemblages in which species occurred was compared with modern-day species abundance, annual residence, body mass, and ecological realm. Modern-day abundance is only one of several significant predictors of fossil abundance; the strongest predictor is body mass, and Holocene species abundance can be interpreted as a measure of species abundance in source communities for a given size class only. Our study represents one of the only direct attempts to quantify species abundance biases between fossil faunas and source communities, and has general applicability for a wide range of terrestrial vertebrate faunas.

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Cardiac output and stroke volume in exercising ducks and pigeons

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1982.53.1.207 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 207-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

B. R. Grubb

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Output ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Stroke Volume ◽

Linear Relationship ◽

Body Mass ◽

Content Difference ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between oxygen consumption (VO2) and cardiac output, stroke volume, and arteriovenous O2 content differences in resting and exercising birds. Pigeons and ducks showed a linear relationship between oxygen consumption and cardiac output and appeared to have a greater cardiac output for a given oxygen consumption than do mammals of the same body mass. In these birds the arteriovenous O2 content difference was hyperbolically related to oxygen consumption. The cardiac output was relatively high, implying a smaller arteriovenous O2 content difference than found in mammals. Resting stroke volume, relative to body mass, was greater in these birds than in mammals. However, as birds have disproportionately larger hearts for their body mass, these birds showed almost the same stroke volume per gram of heart as do mammals.

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