scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Biological Functions of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Shang ◽  
Shi-Yu Cao ◽  
Xiao-Yu Xu ◽  
Ren-You Gan ◽  
Guo-Yi Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Diallyl Trisulfide ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely consumed spice in the world. Garlic contains diverse bioactive compounds, such as allicin, alliin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, and S-allyl-cysteine. Substantial studies have shown that garlic and its bioactive constituents exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular protective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, digestive system protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, and renal protective properties. In this review, the main bioactive compounds and important biological functions of garlic are summarized, highlighting and discussing the relevant mechanisms of actions. Overall, garlic is an excellent natural source of bioactive sulfur-containing compounds and has promising applications in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of certain diseases.

scholarly journals VALIDATION AND ANALYSIS OF DIALLYL DISULFIDE AND DIALLYL TRISULFIDE IN GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
HARMITA HARMITA ◽  
HERMAN SURYADI ◽  
LIDWINA DEVIANI LIKASA
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Diallyl Trisulfide ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Precision Limit ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Objective: The purpose of this research was to optimize and validate a method for measuring the levels of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide(DATS) in garlic and single clove garlic.Methods: The analysis was performed using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with an HP-1 column and a flame ionization detector. The initialcolumn temperature was set at 140°C and increased at 1°C/min to 180°C. The injector and detector temperatures were set to 200°C, the carrier gasflow rate was 0.80 mL/min, and the injection volume was 1.0 μL. The optimized conditions of analysis were then validated which included selectivity,linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ).Results: Using the validated assay and a concentration range of 0.5–20 μg/mL, the coefficient of correlation (r) for DADS was 0.9999 and the LODand LOQ for DADS were 0.3063 μg/mL and 1.0210 μg/mL, respectively. Using the validated assay and a concentration range of 0.5–20 μg/mL, thecoefficient of correlation for DATS was 0.9999 and the LOD and LOQ for DATS were 0.1986 μg/mL and 0.6621 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage ofrecovery was in the range of 98.05–101.76% and coefficient of variation ≤ 2%.Conclusion: This GC method accurately measures the levels of DADS and DATS in garlic.

scholarly journals Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahshad Sarvizadeh ◽  
Omid Hasanpour ◽  
Zari Naderi Ghale-Noie ◽  
Samaneh Mollazadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Diallyl Trisulfide ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Gi Cancers

Digestive system cancer tumors are one of the major causes of cancer-related fatalities; the vast majority of them are colorectal or gastric malignancies. Epidemiological evidence confirmed that allium-containing food, such as garlic, reduces the risk of developing malignancies. Among all compounds in garlic, allicin has been most researched, as it contains sulfur and produces many second degradation compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and diallyl disulfide (DADS) in the presence of enzymatic reactions in gastric juice. These substances have shown anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leukemia, and skin cancers. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic potential of allicin in the treatment of GI cancers.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Main Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity from Garlic Water-soluble and Garlic Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardhia Deasy Rosita Dewi ◽  
Joni Kusnadi ◽  
Wen-Ling Shih
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Diallyl Trisulfide ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Garlic Oil ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

<p class="Els-Abstract-text">Garlic is a natural source which has abundant organosulfur constituents. Garlic is divided into water-soluble organosulfur constituents mainly SAC (S-allylcystein), NAC (N-acetylcysteine) and oil soluble organosulfur constituents such as DATS (diallyl trisulfide), DADS (diallyl disulfide), DAS (diallyl sulfide). The aim of this research was to compare the bioactive constituents and antioxidant activity between garlic water-soluble and garlic oil. Garlic water-soluble constituents were identified by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and five constituents were found, namely N-acetylcysteine (NAC), cysteinyl-alanine, phenol-2-2-benzoxazolyl and two unknown constituents. The GC-MS chromatogram also showed three main constituents present in garlic oil as diallyldisulphide (DADS), diallyltrisulphide (DATS) and D-limonene. Interestingly, garlic water-soluble extract had higher antioxidant activity 70 %  ± 0.02 % in comparison with garlic oil 58 % ± 0.07 %. This study conducts a novel preparation of garlic water-soluble for enhancing antioxidant properties on garlic novel preparation.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Traditional Uses, Bioactive Constituents, Biological Functions, and Safety Properties of Oviductus ranae as Functional Foods in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Yifei Wang ◽  
Mingzhu Li ◽  
Shuyue Liu ◽  
Jialu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Safety Properties ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Oviductus Ranae

Oviductus ranae is an animal-based traditional Chinese material widely used as tonics in China for hundreds of years. Various bioactive components are present in OR including proteins, amino acids, steroids, fatty acids, phospholipids, nucleosides, vitamins, hydantoins, and mineral elements. These constituents exert a myriad of biological functions such as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antifatigue, antiaging, estrogen-like, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, antiosteoporotic, antidepressant, antitumor, antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antiasthmatic activities. Unlike other traditional Chinese crude drugs recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, OR is seldom prescribed as medicine but often consumed as nutraceuticals to optimize health. In this review, the traditional uses, bioactive constituents, biological functions, and safety properties of OR as functional foods in China were summarized and discussed. It is expected that this review will provide useful information for anyone who is interested in OR.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Safety Concerns of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Xin Zhao ◽  
Fang-Jun Lin ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Hua-Bin Li ◽  
Ding-Tao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a common vegetable, widely consumed all over the world. Onion contains diverse phytochemicals, including organosulfur compounds, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and saponins. The phenolic and sulfur-containing compounds, including onionin A, cysteine sulfoxides, quercetin, and quercetin glucosides, are the major bioactive constituents of onion. Accumulated studies have revealed that onion and its bioactive compounds possess various health functions, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, hepatorenal protective, respiratory protective, digestive system protective, reproductive protective, and immunomodulatory properties. Herein, the main bioactive compounds in onion are summarized, followed by intensively discussing its major health functions as well as relevant molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the potential safety concerns about onion contamination and the ways to mitigate these issues are also discussed. We hope that this paper can attract broader attention to onion and its bioactive compounds, which are promising ingredients in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals for preventing and managing certain chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Allium sativum, a potential phytopharmacological source of natural medicine for better health

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 220-232
Author(s):  
Bhushan R. Gudalwar ◽  
Minakshee G. Nimbalwar ◽  
Wrushali A. Panchale ◽  
Ashish B. Wadekar ◽  
Jagdish V. Manwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Profile ◽  
Improve Health

Allium sativum, is a perennial flowering bulb which has been consumed worldwide as a functional food and known from thousands of years for its medicinal and culinary properties. Therapeutic potential of garlic is attributed to presence of its vital phytoconstituents. In present review, a complete therapeutic profile of drug is summarized by discussing its potential benefits highlighting the bioactive constituents. Phytoconstituents of crude drugs are used as antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, etc. Thus, it could conclude that garlic is one of the superior natural sources of bioactive compounds and has promising applications in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals to improve health, and to prevent chronic diseases in the human.

Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Vicenin-2, Orientin, Cynaroside, Betulinic Acid, Genistein, and Major 8 Bioactive Constituents with LC-ESI-MS/MS profiling in Ocimum genus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboli Girme ◽  
Prajkta Bhoj ◽  
Ganesh Saste ◽  
Sandeep Pawar ◽  
Amit Mirgal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Stress Relieving ◽  
Quality Control Tool

Abstract Background Ocimum genus known as Tulsi or Basil is a prominent botanical class in Asian culture, especially in India. The leaves have an immunomodulatory, antioxidant, stress-relieving, and adaptogenic role in traditional and modern medicine, with prominent usage in herbal teas and nutraceuticals. Objective The HPLC-PDA method was developed and validated for vicenin-2, orientin, cynaroside, betulinic acid, genistein, with syringic acid, rosmarinic acid, eugenol, carnosic acid, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, luteolin, apigenin for quantification and confirmed using a novel ESI -MS/MS method in the Ocimum samples. Method The methodology parameters were developed on the RP-C18 column with a gradient elution of 1 mL/min flow rate for 0.1% o-phosphoric acid and acetonitrile at 210 and 340 nm wavelengths. Result The validation data for 13 bioactive compounds showed good linearity (r2&gt; 0.99) with sensitive LOD (0.034-0.684 µg/mL) and LOQ (0.100-2.068 µg/mL) with recoveries (83.66-101.53%).The results were found precise (RSD,&lt;5.0%) and accurate (RE, -0.60-1.06) for the quantification. The method performance was verified and found robust by analyzing ten samples of O. tenuiflorum from the ten geographical states of India (RSD, &lt; 5.0%). Conclusion The validated HPLC-PDA method was found selective and suitable for analyzing thirteen compounds in O. tenuiflorum and twelve cultivars from the Ocimum genus as a quality control tool. This method can be used in routine analysis as an inexpensive alternative to advanced techniques. Highlights This work is the first to report for vicenin-2, orientin, cynaroside, betulinic acid, and genistein, with simultaneous analysis of eight bioactive compounds in the Ocimum genus.

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