scholarly journals Effects of Rail Freight Corridors in Low Population Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-485
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Coloma ◽  
Marta García ◽  
Eladio Pascual-Pedreño
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Rail Freight ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
Productive System ◽  
Total Impact

Impact analysis of the construction and commissioning of a rail freight infrastructure must contemplate the regional economic system in its entirety, since that impact extends beyond the direct contribution to the increase in production, and the consequent generation of income from capital and remuneration of labor incorporated in such activity. The objective of this research is to know the effects that a rail freight infrastructure produces in a region with a low population, such as Extremadura (Spain). For this purpose, the calculation of the total impact produced by the rail freight corridor on the regional economy of Extremadura has been made, which will correspond to the sum of the direct, indirect and induced impacts. For its determination, a simulation tool has been created from Input-Output tables that allow you to compare different impact levels depending on the intensity of the investments made, or the activity developed following the launch of the new rail corridor. The research concludes with the profitability of the action because for a planned investment of 160 M€ for 3 years in the freight rail corridor from Extremadura, every euro invested returns in more than 2 euros to the Extremadura’s productive system, creating more than 4100 jobs.

scholarly journals Challenges of structural shifts in regional economic systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Bogdan Dergaliuk
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Structural Shifts

The article highlights the challenges, causes and need for structural modernization of regional economic systems. It is established that the problem of ensuring the balance of structural proportions is not limited to the issues of stimulation positive structural transformations, but also covers the issues of deep theoretical analysis of existing trends in order to identify the prerequisites for global paradigm shifts in the economic system itself. Structural modernization of various levels systems is a worldwide problem of economic systems development. The reasons for the need for structural modernization of the regional economy are highlighted. The problems of Ukraine regional development have been clarified.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollution-Health-Economics Nexus in China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xia ◽  
Dabo Guan ◽  
Jing Meng ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yuli Shan
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Economic Impact Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Industrial Level

Abstract. Serious haze can cause contaminant diseases that trigger productive labour time by raising mortality and morbidity rates in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Health studies rarely consider macroeconomic impacts of industrial interlinkages while disaster studies seldom involve air pollution and its health consequences. This study adopts a supply-driven input-output model to estimate the economic loss resulting from disease-induced working time reduction across 30 Chinese provinces in 2012 using the most updated Chinese Multiregional Input-Output Table. Results show total economic loss of 398.23 billion Yuan (~1 % of China's GDP in 2012) with the majority comes from Eastern China and Mid-South. Total number of affected labourers amounts at 82.19 million. Cross-regional economic impact analysis indicates that Mid-South, North China and Eastern China entail the majority of regional indirect loss. Indeed, most indirect loss in North China, Northwest and Southwest can be attributed to Manufacturing and Energy in other regions while loss in Eastern China, Mid-South and Northeast largely originate from Coal and Mining in other regions. At the sub-industrial level, most inner-regional loss in North China and Northwest originate from Coal and Mining, in Eastern China and Southwest from Equipment and Energy, and in Mid-South from Metal and Non-metal. These findings highlight the potential role of geographical distance in regional interlinkages and regional heterogeneity in inner- and outer-regional loss due to distinctive regional economic structures and dependences between the North and South.

The Econometric Model of Resource Efficiency Based on Emergy Theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 1552-1554
Author(s):  
Xian Cheng Zhu ◽  
Zhi Peng Zhang ◽  
Kun Qian
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Emergy Theory

The paper defined the connotation of resource efficiency, and utilized the emergy theory and language to convert different resources which occured input, output and negative effects in the of regional economic system into the amount of the energy value of unified standards, and also established the econometric model of resource efficiency. The author scientifically explained and empirically analyzed the model utilizing emergy symbols, which provided a new theoretical models and methods for measuring resource efficiency.

scholarly journals Indonesian Economic Structure: An Analysis of Temporal Leontief Inverse

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Firmansyah Firmansyah ◽  
Shanty Oktavilia
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Output Change ◽  
Individual Industry ◽  
Leontief Inverse ◽  
Total Impact

This study aims to analyze the Indonesia economic structure with employing the temporal Leontief inverse which was developed by Sonis and Hewings (1998) on 1975-2005 Indonesia’s input-output tables. In the first stage, this study investigates how the manufacturing industries in driving the Indonesian economy during structural changes. In the second stage, this study examines the structural changes of the manufacturing industries, which can explain the trends in individual industry balance in the context of the economic system. Based on the analysis, this study can trace how each year’s change contributes to the total impact in gross output change.

scholarly journals Adaptive Development of Regional Economic System Business Entities in the Conditions of Digitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (519) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
I. A. Topalova ◽  
◽  
O. V. Makoveieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Adaptive Development ◽  
Business Entities

Modern economic conditions dictate increasingly stringent conditions for the functioning of subjects (participants) in the market, which are primarily related to the globalization of the economy, the introduction of digital norms of business processes, increasing competition in all spheres of socio-economic life and the corona-crisis. That is why there are questions of adaptation of economic entities to certain changes and the development of their skills in a rather difficult economic environment and under the influence of external factors that sometimes are even impossible to measure. Further changes in the external environment and the place of economic entities of the regional economic system in them, we think that it necessary to consider from the standpoint of their adaptive development in the context of digitalization, which became the purpose of this scientific article. This purpose allowed to form the following tasks: to explore the essence of adaptive development; to determine approaches to the adaptive development of economic entities of the regional economic system, namely: system-complex, process-effective, flood-psychological; to introduce the structure of adaptive development of economic entities of the regional economic system from the standpoint of a synergetic approach; to improve the conceptual and categorical apparatus of regional economy, by introducing the concept of "adaptive development of economic entities of the regional economic system" (which, in this study we will understand the continuous process of transformation in the management system of economic entities, which is based on the transition of the system from one qualitative state to another under the conditions of established contradictions of the external environment and long-term (strategic) program of formation and increase of internal potential for the purpose of increase of efficiency of functioning of subjects of managing of regional economic system); consider qualitative changes in the implementation of the digital transformation of the regional economy. So, the adaptive development of the management system of economic entities of the regional economic system according to the environmental influences in the context of digitalization is a rather complex and multifaceted process that requires organizational changes within the management system and coordinated action by staff and management. Furthermore adaptive development requires the new competencies by staff, which makes it possible to move to a deeper immersion in the information and communication space through digital transformations.

scholarly journals Regional Economic Impacts from Timber Check Dam Construction—A Comparison with Concrete Check Dam Construction

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1073
Author(s):  
Tomohumi Huzita ◽  
Ryu Noda ◽  
Chihiro Kayo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Sediment Runoff ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Check Dam ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Check Dams ◽  
The Impact

Recently, many mountain disasters caused by natural phenomena, such as typhoons and heavy rains, have struck Japan, where check dams are used as important disaster prevention structures. Meanwhile, increased timber use in Japan is expected to revitalize regional economies, thus drawing attention to the use of timber in check dams. However, comparisons between timber and concrete check dams, in terms of their impact on the regional economy, have been overlooked in previous studies. Therefore, targeting Akita Prefecture in Japan, we evaluated quantitatively the respective regional economic impact of timber and concrete check dam construction through an input–output analysis. An extended input–output table was developed based on the revenue and expenditure data obtained from interviews with check dam construction companies. The construction cost and amount of sediment runoff prevention of a concrete check dam was unified with those of a timber check dam to evaluate their respective economic impact. In both cases, the impact of timber check dam construction was about 12 to 13% larger. In brief, timber check dam construction was found to have a more positive impact on the regional economy than concrete check dam construction. However, with the regional self-sufficiency ratio of the lumber and wood products sector at less than 20%, or the lumber price at 60% of its current price, the economic impact of constructing a timber check dam becomes smaller than that of a concrete check dam. In other words, it is important to harvest, process, and use timber regionally to contribute to the regional economy. Specifically, using timber that is processed, rather than simply harvested, in the region has a larger economic impact on the region. Additionally, in timber check dam construction, procuring inexpensive timber and reducing construction costs may be a trade-off for revitalizing the regional economy.

scholarly journals The strategic directions of modernization of the mechanism for managing the regional economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Nazarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
The Social ◽  
System Improvement ◽  
Independent Functioning ◽  
Economic Tools ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Managerial Mechanism

Introduction. The article highlights the necessity to develop the main strategic directions of modernization of the mechanism for managing the regional economy. The mechanism aims to provide the relevant evaluation of the social and economic policy efficiency at the local and national levels, as well as the efficiency of the development and implementation of the regional economic tools. The author emphasizes the necessity to not only improve, but also differentiate the mechanism to manage the regional economy in order to differentiate the social and economic development. Considering constantly changing market conditions, the article determines the necessity to review the functions of regional social and economic systems within the system of the economic environment functioning, where the decisions of their stable development take place. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the main strategic directions of modernization of the mechanism for managing the regional economy and the main issues of the managerial regional economic system improvement. Results. The main strategic directions of modernization of the mechanism to manage the regional economy have been researched. The main issues of the managerial regional economic system improvement have been determined. Taking into account the structured process approach, the mechanism for managing the regional economy has been developed. The development of the managerial regional economic system during the USSR period has been assessed, the main issues have been determined. The main factors to transform the regional economic mechanism in current reality have been studied. The enlarged scheme to assess the efficiency of social and economic regional development has been designed. The research findings reveal that the development of key parameters of modernization of the managerial mechanism based on the differentiation approach is important in conditions of independent functioning of territories and their decentralization. Conclusions. The author concludes that the improvement of the managerial regional economic system in conditions of their independence considers its permanent monitoring of the efficiency to manage the development of social and economic regions. The choice of differentiated managerial mechanism relevant for the regional development should be based on the data provided by the monitoring. Such approach will allow to decrease in the differentiation level and foster the increase in responsibility of regional authorities related to functioning of the territories managed.

scholarly journals Assessment of the pollution–health–economics nexus in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 14433-14443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xia ◽  
Dabo Guan ◽  
Jing Meng ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yuli Shan
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Economic Impact Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Disaster Studies

Abstract. Serious haze can cause contaminant diseases that trigger productive labour time by raising mortality and morbidity rates in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Health studies rarely consider macroeconomic impacts of industrial interlinkages while disaster studies seldom involve air pollution and its health consequences. This study adopts a supply-driven input–output model to estimate the economic loss resulted from disease-induced working-time reduction across 30 Chinese provinces in 2012 using the most updated Chinese multiregional input–output table. Results show a total economic loss of CNY 398.23 billion ( ∼ 1 % of China's GDP in 2012), with the majority coming from Eastern China and the Mid-South. The total number of affected labourers amounts to 82.19 million. Cross-regional economic impact analysis indicates that the Mid-South, North China, and Eastern China entail the majority of the regional indirect loss. Indeed, most indirect loss in North China, the Northwest and the Southwest can be attributed to manufacturing and energy in other regions, while loss in Eastern China, the Mid-South and the Northeast largely originate from coal and mining in other regions. At the subindustrial level, most inner-regional loss in North China and the Northwest originate from coal and mining, in Eastern China and Southwest from equipment and energy, and in the Mid-South from metal and non-metal. These findings highlight the potential role of geographical distance in regional interlinkages and regional heterogeneity in inner- and outer-regional loss due to distinctive regional economic structures and dependences between the north and south.

scholarly journals Zur Freizeitnutzung von Schweizer Wäldern: ihre Bedeutung für die regionale Ökonomie

2011 ◽  
Vol 162 (11) ◽  
pp. 396-404
Author(s):  
Luisa Vogt ◽  
Marco Pütz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Recreation Area ◽  
Tourism Services ◽  
Recreational Use

Recreational use of Swiss forests: their importance for the regional economy Forests fulfill conservation, production and welfare functions. If forests are not considered isolatedly, but rather as part of a landscape or a region, their positive impact on regional welfare becomes apparent. The regional economic impact of the recreational use of Swiss forests is investigated in the case study regions of Sihlwald, a typical local recreation area, and Bergell, a destination for nature-based tourism. The relative importance of forests in the decision to visit the case study regions is identified by means of a conjoint analysis that assesses the forest affinity of visitors. Both the regional added value and the employment effects of the recreational use of forests are identified in an economic impact analysis. The results show that although they have a high affinity for forests, visitors to local recreation forests, such as the Sihlwald, spend little and generate rather small regional economic impacts. In contrast, the findings for nature-based tourism destinations, such as the Bergell, show a different picture: although the forest is not the most important criterion when selecting the destination, the regional economy benefits from higher consumer expenditures. The amount of visitor expenditure most notably depends on the variety and quality of tourism services in and around the forest area. Hence, to promote the regional economic importance of the recreational use of forests, tourism services in forest areas would have to be created or enhanced.

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