Ventilatory Effect of Midazolam in Propofol Deep Sedation for Hepatic Tumor Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation Procedure

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the ventilatory effect between propofol deep sedation technique with and without midazolam in hepatic tumor patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation procedure. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-four patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation procedure in a single year were randomly assigned to the deep sedation without midazolam group (A, n = 187) and deep sedation with midazolam group (B, n = 187). Patients in group A received normal saline, and those in group B received 0.02 mg/kg of midazolam intravenously in equivalent volume. All patients were oxygenated with 100% O2 via nasal cannula and sedated with intravenous fentanyl and the titration of intravenous propofol. Ventilatory parameters, including oxygen saturation, end tidal carbon dioxide, and respiratory rate every five minutes, during and after the procedure, as well as the duration of sleep and sedation score in the recovery room, were recorded. Results: There were no significant differences in the patients’ characteristics, duration of procedure, total dose of propofol, ventilatory parameters including oxygen saturation, end tidal carbon dioxide, and respiratory rate, as well as sedation score at 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 min after the procedure, between the two groups. However, mean sedation score at 5, 10, and 15 min after the procedure, in group B, was significantly lower than in group A. In addition, the duration of sleep after the procedure, in group B, was significantly greater than in group A. No serious ventilatory adverse effects were observed either group. Conclusion: Propofol deep sedation with and without midazolam for hepatic tumor patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation procedure was safe and effective. A low dose of midazolam in propofol deep-sedation technique did not create serious ventilatory effects.

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Radiofrequency ablation for markedly incompetent perforators versus compression therapy in the management of post-phelebtic venous ulcers: A randomized controlled trial

Vascular ◽

10.1177/17085381211010022 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 170853812110100

Author(s):

Mohamed Shukri Abdelgawad ◽

Amr M El-Shafei ◽

Hesham A Sharaf El-Din ◽

Ehab M Saad ◽

Tamer A Khafagy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Compression Therapy ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Venous Ulcers ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

To Receive

Background Venus ulcers developed mainly due to reflux of incompetent venous valves in perforating veins. Patients and methods In this randomized controlled trial, 119 patients recruited over two years, with post-phelebtic venous leg ulcers, were randomly assigned into one of two groups: either to receive radiofrequency ablation of markedly incompetent perforators (Group A, n = 62 patients) or to receive conventional compression therapy (Group B, n = 57 patients). Follow-up duration required for ulcer healing continued for 24 months post randomization. Results Statistically significant shorter time to healing (ulcer complete healing or satisfactory clinical improvement) between both groups (56 patients, 90.3% of cases in Group A versus 44 patients 77.2% of cases in Group B) over the follow-up period of 24 months was attained ( p = 0.001). Also, significantly different ulcer recurrence was recorded between both groups, 8 patients (12.9%) in Group A versus 19 patients (33.3%) in Group B ( p = 0.004). Conclusion In absence of deep venous obstruction, the monopolar radiofrequency ablation for incompetent perforators is a feasible and effective method that surpasses the traditional compression protocol for incompetent perforator-induced venous ulcers in terms of time required for healing even in the presence of unresolved deep venous valvular reflux.

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The Efficacy and Safety of Nabufen and Sufentanil in the Prevention of Visceral Pain After Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-125287/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoxia Gu ◽

Jingjing Wang ◽

Huihua Liao ◽

Jian Mo ◽

Weiming Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Surgery ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Visceral Pain ◽

Sedation Score ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D ◽

Ramsay Sedation Score

Abstract Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of different compatibility schemes in the prevention of visceral pain after gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Methods: from April 2019 to April 2020, patients undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into four groups: group A: sufentanil 3 μ g / kg; group B: low-dose nalbuphine group: 0.1 mg / kg of nabufen + 3 μ g / kg of sufentanil; group C: medium dose of nabufen group: 1 mg / kg of nabufen + 2 μ g / kg of sufentanil; group D: high-dose nabufen 2 There were 30 cases in each group. The degree of pain and the number of adverse reactions at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after operation were observed and recorded. The number and dosage of morphine used as a remedial analgesic were recorded. The pain degree was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). The total amount of analgesic pump used, the total number of times of pressing and the effective times of pressing were recorded. The adverse reactions included respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, restlessness and skin The skin itches. Results: the analgesic effect of group B was similar to that of group A, and there was no significant difference in the number of invalid pressing, total pressing times and rescue analgesia rate (P > 0.05), while the invalid pressing times, total pressing times and remedial analgesia rate of group C and group D were significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between group C and group D in the number of invalid compressions, the total number of compressions and the rate of remedial analgesia (P > 0.05), suggesting that increasing the dose of nalbuphine could not significantly increase the analgesic effect. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, skin pruritus, lethargy and Ramsay Sedation score in group B and group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P < 0.05). Ramsay Sedation score and incidence of drowsiness were lower than those in group D, which indicated that the incidence of adverse reactions was higher in group D than group B and group C.Conclusion: the combination of 1 mg / kg nabufen and 2 μ g / kg sufentanil is a safe and effective combination scheme for the prevention of visceral pain after gynecological laparoscopic surgery with small adverse reactions.Trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=40635Registration number：ChiCTR1900025076 . Prospectively registered on 10 August 2019.

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Comparative Study Between Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl as Sedatives in Awake Fiberoptic Intubation in Cervical Spine Surgeries

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab086.033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Waleed Mohamed Abd El Mageed ◽

Ahmad Kamal Mohamed Ali ◽

Eeman Aboubakr ElSiddik Ahmed Bayoumi ◽

Haitham Sabry Mahmoud Omar

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Sedation Score ◽

Fiberoptic Intubation ◽

Intubation Time ◽

Hemodynamic Stability ◽

Double Blind ◽

Hemodynamic Variables ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Awake Fiberoptic Intubation

Abstract Background Various drugs are used for providing favorable intubation conditions during awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI). However, most of them have various side effects. Aim The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomedine and fentanyl as regards sedative effects, hemodynamic stability, intubation time and intubation attempts success during awake fiberoptic intubation. Material and Methods A randomized double-blind prospective study was conducted on a total of 40 patients scheduled for elective cervical spine surgeries who were randomly allocated into two equal groups (n 20): (group A) patients received a bolus dose of dexmedetomidine of 1 mcg/kg over 10 min followed by a continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 0.5 mcg/kg/h. and fentanyl group (group B) received dose of 1 μg/kg over 10 min followed by 0.5 μg/kg/hr. Sedation score (Ramsy sedation score), hemodynamic variables, oxygen saturation, intubation time and intubation attempts were noted and compared between the two groups. Results Ramsy Sedation Score was significantly favorable (P < 0.001) in group A in comparison to group B, moreover better hemodynamic stability during intubation (P < 0.05) and less intubation attempts were observed in group A in comparison to group B. Conclusion The results of our study showed that dexmedetomidine provides optimum sedation without compromising airway or hemodynamic stability and with favorable intubation time and less intubation attempts during AFOI in comparison to fentanyl.

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Comparing cold and warm tumescent anesthesia for pain perception during and after the endovenous laser ablation procedure with 1470 nm diode laser

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1177/0268355513512827 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mert Dumantepe ◽

Ibrahim Uyar

Keyword(s):

Laser Ablation ◽

Side Effects ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Visual Analog Score ◽

Ablation Procedure ◽

Endovenous Laser Ablation ◽

Fluid Infiltration ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the pain perception and side effects during and after endovenous laser ablation with a 1470 nm diode laser using cold or room temperature tumescence anesthesia. Methods: One hundred and one patients were randomly assigned in two groups. Group A received room temperature (+24℃) and Group B received cold (+4℃) tumescence fluid, which was used for local anesthesia in the track of great saphenous vein. A visual analog score was recorded immediately after the procedure. Patients were asked to register pain scores and the amount of pain medication consumed during the week. Results: There was no significant difference concerning gender, age, Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathological Classification, body mass index, or diameter of the treated vein. In Group A, the mean linear endovenous energy density was 59.5 J/cm and in Group B, it was 60.4 J/cm. The average visual analog score after the endovenous laser ablation procedure in Group A was 5 and in Group B was 2. Third day after the procedure, the average visual analog score in Group A was 3 and in Group B was 1. Patients in Group B needed significantly less analgesics compared with patients in Group A ( p<0.05). The most frequent side effects in both groups were ecchymosis, induration, and minor paraesthesia, all of which were more common in Group A ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: To date, most published endovenous laser ablation series describe the use of room temperature tumescence fluid infiltration of the perivenous stroma for tumescent analgesia and protection against thermal injury to the nearby structures. We describe an alternative technique using cold tumescence fluid infiltration, which is equally effective as, but safer than, room temperature tumescence fluid infiltration, and which yields better visual analog scores.

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Evaluation of hepatectomy, radiofrequency ablation, and transarterial chemoembolization for the local treatment of liver metastases in gastric cancer patients.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.200 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 200-200

Author(s):

Lin Chen ◽

Jiyang Li ◽

Jianxin Cui ◽

Hongqing Xi ◽

Aizhen Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Liver Metastases ◽

Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽

Local Treatment ◽

R0 Resection ◽

Curative Gastrectomy ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

200 Background: The optimal local treatment for liver metastases remains controversial. Except for hepatectomy, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are both effective and low risk treatment modality with more expanded indications in patients with liver metastases. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of different methods for the local treatment of GCLM. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2015, 97 consecutive patients were eligible and included in a prospective database. They all received multidisciplinary treatments based on curative gastrectomy and local treatments (hepatectomy, RFA and TACE) for liver metastases. The 97 patients enrolled in a cohort study were divided into two groups, Group A (37 patients, curative hepatectomy with or without other local treatments) and Group B (60 patients, palliative RFA and/or TACE).The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and 5-year survival rate. Results: Baseline characteristics in the two groups were comparable. Correlation analysis found that interval time of metachronous, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and body mass index were not significantly linear associated with survival, with ρ = 0.051, ρ = 0.014 and ρ = 0.056, respectively. The overall survival time between the two groups were 94.1 months and 57.2 months, with 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rate 83.3%, 50.0% and 30.6% in Group A, respectively; and 83.7%, 28.6% and 18.4% in Group B, respectively (P = 0.049). Furthermore, subgroup analyses proved that among these three local treatments, hepatectomy was the most effective method (P = 0.014), with significantly difference from RFA (P = 0.001). Nevertheless, combination with RFA and/or TACE did not improve patients’ benefits (P = 0.062). And TACE has a similar (P = 0.227) efficacy with RFA, but significantly less costs. Conclusions: Hepatectomy is the optimal local treatment for liver metastases when the surgical R0 resection was intended. And it is not necessary to combine with other local treatments. As palliative local treatment, TACE is an acceptable method with relatively high cost-effective.

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A Randomized Control Trial of Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCIA) with and Without a Background Infusion Using Sufentanil for Cesarean Section Analgesia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-455428/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhong-Biao Nie ◽

Xian-Mei Cui ◽

Ran Zhang ◽

Bin Lu ◽

Su-Xian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽

Sedation Score ◽

Total Consumption ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Background Infusion ◽

Intravenous Analgesia ◽

Wound Pain ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Purpose: Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) is an option for pain cesarean section analgesia. However, the effect of a background infusion on the analgesic requirements of parturients is still debated. In order to attempt to identify the optimal cesarean section analgesia infusion regime, we evaluated the benefit of the background infusion in this randomized study.Patients and methods: 60 Parturients had a PCIA analgesia protocol initiated consisting of a 0.5mL bolus, and compared 2 Groups: no background infusion, 6 min lockout time (Group A). 2 mL/h infusion, 10 min lockout time (Group B). The total amount of sufentanil consumed, two categories of pain scores, sedation score, postpartum hemorrhage, Injection/attempt (I/A) ratio, side effects, satisfaction were calculated for both groups.Results: Group B significantly reduce visual analog scale（VAS）pain scores 6, 12h. Group A and Group B were not significantly different regarding wound pain at rest (VAS-R) and uterine cramping pain (VAS-U) at postoperative 24, 36 hours. In terms of I/A, Group A was lower than Group B, there was no significant difference. Group B showed significantly higher satisfaction than Group A. Total consumption of sufentanil at 36 hours postoperative was much greater in Group B. Group B can significantly reduce the postpartum hemorrhage within 1 hour. The minimal respiration rates were not significantly different among groups. The side effect were not observed among groups. All parturients had the same Ramsey sedation score.Conclusion: In comparison with the without background infusion, total consumption of sufentanil at 36 hours postoperative was much greater in the background infusion, but it can significantly reduce the uterine contraction pain and wound pain of 12 hours after cesarean section, significantly improve patient satisfaction, reduce the postpartum hemorrhage within 1 hour, and does not increase the incidence of PONV and respiratory depression in parturients.

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Utilizing pre-operative MR imaging and adapting optimal needle puncture approach to improve radiofrequency ablation fraction of thoracic dorsal root ganglia

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-98050-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bing Li ◽

Yayong Huang ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Sushant Kumar Das ◽

Chuan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Thoracic Spine ◽

Dorsal Root ◽

Transforaminal Approach ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Group A ◽

Mri Sequences ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Group B ◽

Translaminar Approach

AbstractThis experimental study evaluates the location of thoracic dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and evaluates the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) fraction of different puncture approaches on distinct DRG locations. Eight normal adult corpse specimens were used as thoracic spine specimens. An MRI examination was performed on each specimen using the following MRI sequences: STIR T2WI, fs-FRFSE T2WI, and 3D FIESTA-c. Then thoracic spine specimens (n = 14) were divided into three groups for RFA: Group A, using a transforaminal approach irrespective of DRG location; Group B, using a transforaminal, trans-lateral-zygapophysial or translaminar approach according to the DRG location; and Group C using a combination of puncture approaches. The quality of visualization of thoracic DRGs on STIR T2WI, fs-FRFSE T2WI, and 3D FIESTA-c scans were 53.5% (77/144), 88.2% (127/144), and 93.1% (134/144), respectively. In group A, the RFA fractions of the extraforaminal DRGs (N = 29), intraforaminal DRGs (N = 12) and intraspinal DRGs (N = 7) via a transforaminal approach were 72.6 ± 18.9%, 54.2 ± 24.8% and 32.9 ± 28.1% respectively. In group B, RFA of extraforaminal DRGs via a transforaminal approach (N = 43) or a trans-lateral zygapophysial approach (N = 45) led to ablation fractions of 71.9 ± 15.2% and 72.0 ± 17.9%, respectively; RFA of intraforaminal DRGs via a transforaminal approach (N = 14) or a translaminar approach (N = 16) led to ablation fractions of 57.1 ± 18.0% and 52.5 ± 20.6%, respectively; RFA of intraspinal DRGs via a transforaminal approach (N = 12) or a translaminar approach (N = 14) led to ablation fractions of 34.8 ± 24.6% and 71.8 ± 16.0%, respectively. In group C, the combined approach led to an ablation fraction for extraforaminal DRGs (N = 69) of 82.5 ± 14.1%, for intraforaminal DRGs (N = 39) of 81.5 ± 11.8%, and for intraspinal DRGs (N = 36) of 80.8 ± 13.3%. MRI can accurately assess DRG location before RFA. Adopting different and combined puncturing approaches tailored to different DRG locations can significantly increase the DRG RFA fraction.

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Defibrillation threshold of internal cardioversion prior to ablation predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence

10.22541/au.160640119.95228951/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

kohei sawasaki ◽

Yasuya Inden ◽

natsuko hosoya ◽

masahiro muto ◽

Toyoaki Murohara

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Medical Center ◽

Defibrillation Threshold ◽

Ablation Procedure ◽

Recurrence Rates ◽

Internal Cardioversion ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Recurrence Method ◽

Af Recurrence

Background: Many studies have reported the predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after persistent AF (peAF) ablation. However, the correlation between the atrial defibrillation threshold (DFT) for internal cardioversion (IC) and AF recurrence rate is little-studied. We investigated the relationship between DFT prior to catheter ablation for peAF and the AF recurrence. Method and Results: From June 2016 to May 2019, we enrolled 82 consecutive patients (mean age 65.0 ± 12.4 years), including 45 patients with peAF and 37 with long-standing peAF, at Hamamatsu medical center. In order to assess the DFT, we performed IC with gradually increasing energy prior to radiofrequency application. Forty-nine and 33 patients showed DFT values less than or equal to 10 J (group A) and greater than 10 J or unsuccessful defibrillation (group B), respectively. During the mean follow-up duration of 20.5 ± 13.1 months, patients in group B showed significantly higher AF recurrence rates than those in group A after the ablation procedure (P = 0.017). Multivariate analysis revealed that the DFT was the only predictive factor for AF recurrence (OR=1.07; 95% CI: 1.00-1.13, P = 0.047). Conclusions: The DFT for IC was one of the strongest prognostic factors in the peAF ablation procedure.

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COMPARISON OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND FENTANYL ON INTUBATION CONDITIONS DURING AWAKE FIBREOPTIC BRONCHOSCOPIC INTUBATION- A RANDOMISED DOUBLE BLIND STUDY.

10.36106/ijar/9009785 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Asha .A ◽

E. Arunmozhi

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Study Drug ◽

Sedation Score ◽

Double Blind ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B ◽

Post Intubation ◽

Ramsay Sedation Score ◽

Mean Heart Rate

INTRODUCTION:Awake Fibreoptic Intubation is indicated in patients with anticipated diffcult airway, failed tracheal intubation, unstable cervical spine injury.Drugs used for conscious sediation includes Benzodiazepines, opioids, Propofol, either alone or in combination. All these drugs, though results in favourable intubating conditions, may also result in upper airway obstruction, hypoventilation, difcult airway instrumentation and oxygen desaturation. In order to address and overcome these issues, we compared the effects of parenteral dexmedetomidine and fentanyl on favourable conditions during awake breoptic bronchoscopic intubation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective,double blind,randomised study. 60 patients belonging to age group 25 to 60 years, ASA PS I & II posted for elective surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation were randomly allocated into two groups, Group A(n=30) received injection dexmedetomidine, Group B(n=30) received injection fentanyl before awake breoptic bronchoscopic intubation. Hemodynamic parameters, cough score, postintubation tolerance score, ramsay sedation score were noted in both groups. The observed datas were analysed by SPSS version 21.0 software. RESULT: Demographic variable such as age,weight,ASA physical status were comparable in both the groups. The mean heart rate at 5mins,10mins after administration of study drug,intubation, 5mins postintubation are 76.73±5.51,73.63±5.99,76.37±8.11 and 75.03±7.94 respectively in Group A.The mean heart rate at 5mins,10mins after administration of study drug,intubation, 5mins postintubation are 78.57±5.04,76.93±5.11,103.30±4.21 and 99.37±4.02 respectively.The mean MAP at 5mins,10 mins after administration of study drug,intubation,5 mins post intubation are 86.80±2.33,85.77 ±2.56,87.83 ±5.73 and 87.30 ± 2.52mmHg respectively in Group A.The mean MAP at 5mins,10mins after administration of study drug,intubation,5 mins post intubation are 87.37±3.58,85.63 ±3.58,107.80 ±2.59 and 105.00 ±2.52 mmHg respectively. The post intubation SpO2 was 97.10 ±1.77 and 93.43± 1.17 % for Group A and Group B respectively.In Group A mean Ramsay sedation score is 2.87± 0.43 and in Group B the mean is 2.13 ±0.35. CONCLUSION:Dexmedetomidine group showed better hemodynamic stability and tolerance to awake endotracheal tube insertion through breoptic bronchoscope.Dexmedetomidine provides favourable intubating conditions during awake breoptic bronchoscope procedures with adequate sedation and without desaturation than fentanyl.

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Phase II/III Study of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Treating Colorectal Liver Metastases

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000452531 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (1-2) ◽

pp. 137-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xiaodong Li ◽

Xichao Dai ◽

Liangrong Shi ◽

Yong Jiang ◽

Xuemin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Liver Metastases ◽

Phase Ii ◽

Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽

Survival Rates ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Cik Cells ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Purpose: This phase II/III, non-randomized clinical trial aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of the combination of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells transfusion for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). Experimental Design: A total of 60 eligible patients with CRLMs were enrolled and divided into Group A (RFA alone, n = 30) and Group B (RFA plus CIK, n = 30), and following enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay was performed in 8 patients with CEA > 50 ng/mL pre-RFA and 7 days post-RFA and CIK treatment, respectively. Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) times of Group A and Group B were 18.5 months and 23 months, respectively (P = 0.0336). The 3-year progression-free rates were 13.3% in Group A and 20.3% in Group B, respectively. The median overall survival time was 43 months in Group A, and not reached in Group B. The 3-year survival rates were 64.6% in Group A and 81.0% in Group B, respectively (P = 0.1187). Among the 8 patients with CEA > 50ng/mL, 6 had increase of circulating CEA-specific T cells after RFA (P = 0.010). After CIK cell therapy, the number of CEA-specific T cells increased in all the 8 patients comparing with that pre-treatment (P = 0.001) and in 7 patients comparing with that post-RFA (P = 0.028). Conclusions: We firstly confirm that the combination of RFA and CIK cells boosts CEA-specific T cell response and shows to be an efficacious and safe treatment modality for patients with CRLMs.

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