scholarly journals Physical Activity Might Reduce the Adverse Impacts of the FTO Gene Variant rs3751812 on the Body Mass Index of Adults in Taiwan

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ching Liaw ◽  
Yung-Po Liaw ◽  
Tsuo-Hung Lan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Risk Alleles ◽  
Dose Response Effect ◽  
Polygenic Obesity

The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is a significant genetic contributor to polygenic obesity. We investigated whether physical activity (PA) modulates the effect of FTO rs3751812 on body mass index (BMI) among Taiwanese adults. Analytic samples included 10,853 Taiwan biobank participants. Association of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with BMI was assessed using linear regression models. Physical activity was defined as any kind of exercise lasting 30 min each session, at least three times a week. Participants with heterozygous (TG) and homozygous (TT) genotypes had higher BMI compared to those with wild-type (GG) genotypes. The β value was 0.381(p < 0.0001) for TG individuals and 0.684 (p = 0.0204) for TT individuals. There was a significant dose-response effect among carriers of different risk alleles (p trend <0.0001). Active individuals had lower BMI than their inactive counterparts (β = −0.389, p < 0.0001). Among the active individuals, significant associations were found only with the TG genotype (β = 0.360, p = 0.0032). Inactive individuals with TG and TT genotypes had increased levels of BMI compared to those with GG genotypes: Their β values were 0.381 (p = 0.0021) and 0.950 (p = 0.0188), respectively. There was an interaction between the three genotypes, physical inactivity, and BMI (p trend  = 0.0002). Our data indicated that increased BMI owing to genetic susceptibility by FTO rs3751812 may be reduced by physical activity.

scholarly journals Determinants of weight status for the residents of the northwest arctic borough of Alaska

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne A. Lewis ◽  
Anshul Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation

While the consumption of a market-based diet is increasing, subsistence food still forms a part of caloric intake for Northwest Arctic Borough of Alaska residents. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of consumption of a market-based diet compared to a subsistence diet on the body mass index (BMI) of the people living in this region.  For this, 82 adult participants were recruited, and their weight and height were measured to calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI). The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that included questions about their family background, lifestyle, physical fitness and dietary patterns. Linear regression models were used to examine BMI's association with variables of diet and physical activity, followed by correlational analysis between BMI and these variables. No significant correlation was identified between BMI and how often people ate a subsistence-based diet. A strong positive correlation was found between BMI and how often people eat food prepared in a restaurant or ate fast food and junk food. A strong negative correlation was found between BMI and frequency of exercise by the participants. Physical activity and consumption of a western diet rather than a subsistence diet are more significant determinants of BMI among Northwest Arctic Borough of Alaska residents. These results can be used as a baseline for further studies linking diet and health outcomes among this region's residents.

scholarly journals Physical activity attenuates the body mass index–increasing influence of genetic variation in the FTO gene

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karani S Vimaleswaran ◽  
Shengxu Li ◽  
Jing Hua Zhao ◽  
Jian’an Luan ◽  
Sheila A Bingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fto Gene

scholarly journals Anthropometric Variables as Mediators of the Association of Changes in Diet and Physical Activity With Inflammatory Profile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cárdenas-Fuentes ◽  
Camille Lassale ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
María Grau ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Inflammatory Score ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Abstract Background Mechanisms underlying the associations of high levels of physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with a better inflammatory profile remain unclear. Our objective was to assess the mediating role of changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as markers of body fat in the association of changes in PA and adherence to the MedDiet, with changes in the inflammatory profile. Method This study included 489 adults, aged 55–75 years, from the PREDIMED-Plus multicenter lifestyle intervention trial. An inflammatory score was calculated, based on 8 blood biomarkers: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interleukin 18, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, C-peptide, leptin, and regulated on activation, normal T-cell–expressed and secreted chemokine. Biomarkers, levels of PA, score of MedDiet adherence, BMI, and WC were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Linear regression models were fitted according to the Baron and Kenny framework for mediation analysis. Results Changes in BMI and WC mediated the association of both changes in PA and changes in the MedDiet adherence with the inflammatory score. Body mass index mediated 26% of the association of changes in total PA with the inflammatory profile, and 27% of the association of changes in the MedDiet, while WC mediated 13% and 12% of these associations, respectively. Conclusion In older adults at high cardiovascular risk, increasing PA levels and adherence to a MedDiet during 1 year were associated with a lower inflammatory score, which was partly mediated by a reduction in body fat. Clinical Trials Registration Number International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN89898870; registration date July 24, 2014, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Objectively measured physical activity levels in physical education classes and body mass index (Niveles de actividad física medida objetivamente en las clases de educación física y el índice de masa grasa)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
Manuela Costa ◽  
Tânia Oliveira ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Maria Paula Santos ◽  
José Carlos Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Objectively Measured

Objective: The objective of this study was twofold. First, analyze physical activity (PA) levels during physical education (PE) with different durations (45 and 90 minutes) according to student’s obesity status. Secondly, we examine the relative contribution of 45 and 90 minutes PE (45PE and 90PE) for the compliance of the daily PA recommendations according to the body mass index (BMI). Methods: Four public schools were analyzed. The sample comprised 472 youngsters (266 girls) aged between 10 and 18 years old. PA was assessed using an Actigraph accelerometer. The participants were categorized as non-overweight (NOW) and overweight/obese (OW) according to the sex-adjusted BMI. Results: The proportion of Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) was lower than the 50% recommended by guidelines regardless the PE duration. Our data showed that only 26% of NOW and 13% of OW in the 45PE achieved the recommended levels while 17% of NOW and 11% of OW achieved the recommendation in 90PE. Overall, the 90PE had a higher absolute contribution for daily MVPA recommendations compliance than 45PE. Conclusion: During PE classes youngsters spent a reduced amount of time in MVPA, independently of their weight status.Resumen. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene un doble objetivo. En primero lugar, analizar los niveles de la actividad física durante la educación física con diferentes duraciones (45 y 90 minutos) de acuerdo con el estado de la obesidad de los alumnos. En segundo lugar, se analiza la contribución relativa de 45 y 90 minutos de la educación física para el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones diarias de actividad física según el índice de masa grasa. Métodos: cuatro escuelas públicas fueran analizadas. La muestra fue de 472 jóvenes (266 chicas) con edades entre los 10 y 18 años. La actividad física fue medida utilizando un acelerómetro Actigraph. Los participantes fueran clasificados como sin sobrepeso y con sobrepeso/obesidad de acuerdo con el índice de masa grasa ajustado al género. Resultados: La proporción de la actividad física moderada y vigorosa fue inferior al 50% recomendado por las recomendaciones independiente de la duración de la clase de educación física. Nuestros datos muestran que solo unos 26% de los niños sin sobrepeso y unos 13% de niñoss con sobrepeso/obesidad llegaron al los niveles recomendados en las clases de 45 min, mientras el 17% de los jóvenes sin sobrepeso y el 11% con sobrepeso/obesidad han logrado las recomendaciones en las clases de 90 min. En general, las clases de 90 min tienen una mayor contribución para cumplimiento de las recomendaciones diarias de actividad física moderada a vigorosa do que las clases de 45 min. Conclusión: Durante las clases de educación física los jóvenes tuvieran una cantidad reducida de tiempo en actividad física moderada a vigorosa, independiente de su estado de peso.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Indices and Some Aspects of Physical Fitness in Croatian Adolescents by Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2582
Author(s):  
Martin Zvonar ◽  
Mario Kasović ◽  
Lovro Štefan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Background. The main purpose of this study was to explore the body-mass index and waist circumference associated with physical fitness by gender. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we included 1036 adolescents (55.4% girls) from eight randomly selected secondary schools within the city of Zagreb (Croatia). Body-mass index and waist circumference were objectively measured. Physical fitness included three tests: (1) 1 min sit-ups, (2) standing long jump and (3) a sit-and-reach test. Associations were calculated using linear regression models. Results. Boys had higher body-mass index and waist circumference values, compared to girls (p < 0.001). They also performed better in 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump tests (p < 0.001), while girls obtained higher values in the sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, body-mass index and waist circumference were associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump. In girls, waist circumference was also associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump, while body-mass index was only associated with this standing long jump. Conclusions. Our study shows that anthropometric indices have non-linear associations with physical fitness tests in a large sample of Croatian adolescents. Screening for thinness and obesity to predict the level of physical fitness should be of a great interest.

scholarly journals Associations of movement behaviors and body mass index: comparison between a report-based and monitor-based method using Compositional Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngwon Kim ◽  
Ryan D. Burns ◽  
Duck-chul Lee ◽  
Gregory J. Welk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Compositional Data Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Index Comparison

Abstract Background/objectives Evidence on the associations between lifestyle movement behaviors and obesity has been established without taking into account the time-constrained nature of categorized, time-based lifestyle behaviors. We examined the associations of sleep, sedentary behavior (SED), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with body mass index (BMI) using Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA), and compared the associations between a report-based method (24-h Physical Activity Recall; 24PAR) and a monitor-based method (SenseWear Armband; SWA). Subjects/methods Replicate data from a representative sample of 1247 adults from the Physical Activity Measurement Survey (PAMS) were used in the study. Participants completed activity monitoring on two randomly selected days, each of which required wearing a SWA for a full day, and then completing a telephone-administered 24PAR the following day. Relationships among behavioral compositional parts and BMI were analyzed using CoDA via multiple linear regression models with both 24PAR and SWA data. Results Using 24PAR, time spent in sleep (γ = −3.58, p = 0.011), SED (γ = 3.70, p = 0.002), and MVPA (γ = −0.53, p = 0.018) was associated with BMI. Using SWA, time spent in sleep (γ = −5.10, p < 0.001), SED (γ = 8.93, p < 0.001), LPA (γ = −3.12, p < 0.001), and MVPA (γ = −1.43, p < 0.001) was associated with BMI. The SWA models explained more variance in BMI (R2 = 0.28) compared with the 24PAR models (R2 = 0.07). The compositional isotemporal substitution models revealed reductions in BMI when replacing SED by MVPA, LPA (not with 24PAR) or sleep for both 24PAR and SWA, but the effect estimates were larger with SWA. Conclusions Favorable levels of relative time spent in lifestyle movement behaviors were, in general, associated with decreased BMI. The observed associations were stronger using the monitor-based SWA method compared with the report-based 24PAR method.

scholarly journals Effects of Job Content and Physical Activity on Body Mass Index among Obese Managers of the Mexican Manufacturing Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3969
Author(s):  
Oziely Daniela Armenta-Hernandez ◽  
Aidé Aracely Maldonado-Macias ◽  
Margarita Ortiz Solís ◽  
Miguel Ángel Serrano-Rosa ◽  
Yolanda Angélica Baez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Job Content

Mental health disorders resulting from work stressors are increasing in the Mexican manufacturing industry and worldwide. Managerial positions in these contexts are highly stressful, and although physical activity may reduce the negative effects of work stress, the relationships between these two aspects regarding their effects on the body mass index (BMI) of obese managers are scarcely studied. This article aims to study such relationships by using the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) dimensions with the Baecke’s physical activity questionnaire dimensions and analyzing their effects on the BMI. A sample of 255 managers from the Mexican industry, with a (BMI > 30) participated by answering the surveys and providing their weight, their height, and certain sociodemographic information. The research hypotheses were tested using WarpPLS® 6.0 for structural equation modeling. The results for three models featuring acceptable reliability to estimate the direct, indirect, and total effects are presented. The first model showed a medium explanatory power, the variable of job decision-making authority having the greatest direct effect on BMI. The second model showed a medium explanatory power, and the variable of physical activity during leisure-time observed the unique direct effect on BMI. Finally, although the integrating model showed a small explanatory power, both work stress and the physical activity exerted observed direct effects on BMI reduction.

scholarly journals FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN OSTEOPOROSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-343
Author(s):  
Helfrida Situmorang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
History Of

The irreversible risk factors for osteoporosis are age, gender, race, family / hereditary history, body shape and history of fractures. The risk factors for osteoporosis that can be changed are smoking, vitamin and nutritional deficiencies, lifestyle, eating disorders (anorexia nervosa), early menopause, and the use of certain drugs such as corticosteroids, glucocorticosteroids, and diuretics. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of osteoporosis. The research design used was non-experimental, namely a correlational research design, namely research conducted to determine the relationship between two variables. The population in this study were all osteoporosis patients with age. over 45 years old who seek treatment at the Puskesmas Gunting Saga Kec. Kualuh Selatan District of North Labuhan Batu totaling 45 people. The sampling method used was the total sampling technique, which was the same as the population of 45 people. Data collection used is the method of filling out a questionnaire which includes written questions used to obtain data information from the questionnaire. The data analysis conducted was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. In this study, researchers still adhere to ethical principles. The results illustrate that the respondents are mostly 51-65 years old as many as 27 people (60%). Most of the sex of respondents were women as many as 37 people (82.2 %%). Most of the respondents had no history of osteoporosis as many as 31 people (68.9%). Most of the body mass index of respondents whose body mass index was over 34 people (75.6%). Most of the respondents in the smoking category did not smoke as many as 32 people (71.7%). Most of the respondents' physical activity in the category of independent physical activity was 38 people (84.4%). The conclusion is that there is no relationship between age, sex, family history, body mass index, and smoking with the incidence of osteoporosis. Meanwhile, physical activity has a relationshipwithosteoporosis.   Abstrak Faktor-faktor resiko osteoporosis yang tidak dapat diubah yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, ras, riwayat keluarga/keturunan, bentuk tubuh dan sejarah patah tulang. Faktor–faktor resiko osteoporosis yang dapat diubah adalah merokok, defisiensi vitamin dan gizi, gaya hidup, gangguan makan (anoreksia nervosa), menopause dini, serta penggunaan obat-obatan tertentu seperti kortikosteroid, glukokortikosteroid, serta diuretik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian osteoporosis Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah non eksperimen yaitu rancangan atau desain penelitian yang bersifat korelasional yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan dua variabel.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pasien osteoporosis dengan usia diatas 45 tahun yang berobat di Puskesmas Gunting Saga Kec. Kualuh Selatan Kab Labuhan Batu Utara berjumlah 45 orang.Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dengan teknik total sampling yaitu sama dengan populasi adalah sebanyak 45 orang. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode pengisian kuesioner yang meliputi pertanyaan tertulis yang digunakan untuk memperoleh informasidata dari kuesioner.Analisa data yang dilakukan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti tetap berpedoman pada prinsip-prinsip etik.Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa responden sebagian besar berumur 51-65 tahun sebanyak 27 orang (60%). Jenis kelamin responden sebagian besar wanita sebanyak  37 orang (82.2%%).Riwayat keluarga responden sebagian besar berstatus tidak ada riwayat osteoporosis sebanyak 31 orang (68.9%).Indeks masa tubuh responden sebagian besar Indeks masa tubuh lebih sebanyak 34 orang (75.6%).Merokok responden sebagian besar kategori tidak merokok sebanyak 32 orang (71.7%).Aktivitas fisik responden sebagian besar kategori aktivitas fisik mandiri sebanyak 38 orang (84.4%).Kesimpulan bahwa tidak ada hubungan umur, jeniskelamin, riwayat keluarga,indeks massa tubuh,dan merokok dengan kejadian osteoporosis. Sedangkan aktivitas fisikada hubungan dengan kejadian osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Índice de Masa Corporal, Velocidad de Marcha y Fuerza de Prensión Manual en Mujeres Mayores Chilenas (Body Mass Index, Gait Speed and Manual Pressure Force in Chilean Older Women)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Felipe Andrés Hermosilla Palma ◽  
Luis Felipe Castelli de Campos ◽  
Marco Cossio Bolaños ◽  
Cristian Luarte Rocha ◽  
Grimanés Medina Monsalve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Pressure Force ◽  
Manual Pressure

  Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio es de comparar la velocidad de marcha (VM), fuerza de tren superior (PM) y el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) en mujeres mayores que participan de forma regular en talleres de actividad física, según rango de edad, así como, verificar la asociación entre Edad, IMC y PM con VM en 10 metros. Metodología: Participaron voluntariamente 85 mujeres (70,1±6,9años) vinculadas al programa de talleres de adulto mayor del IND de la región de Ñuble. Las participantes fueron categorizadas según rango de edad (grupo total [GT], 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79 y 80-84 años). Se evaluó el peso corporal y la estatura para el cálculo de IMC, la fuerza de tren superior con la prueba de prensión manual (PM) en la mano dominante y la VM en 10 metros. Resultados: Los principales resultados apuntan que la VM fue significativamente inferior para el grupo de 80-84 años comparados a los grupos GT (p<0.03), 60-64 (p<0.00) y de 65-69 años (p<0.03). El grupo 70-74 años fueron significativamente más lento que el de 60-64 años (p<0.02). La relación entre VM y PM para el grupo analizado fue positiva, baja y no significativa (r=0,20, p<0.06). Por fin, la Edad y el IMC resultaron en un modelo estadísticamente significativo [F(2,82)=13,784; p<0.001; R2=0.252, EE = 0,204m/s] para predicción de la VM. Conclusión: En general, concluimos que la VM se reduce en grupos con edades mayores y que la PM no presenta la misma tendencia, además que la Edad y el IMC son predictores de VM en mujeres mayores.  Abstract. The aim of this study is to compare the gait speed (VM), manual pressure force (PM) and the Body Mass Index (IMC) in older women who participate regularly in physical activity programs, according to age, as well as, to verify the association between Age, IMC and PM with MV in 10 meters. 85 older women (70.1 ± 6.9 years) from the physical activity program of the National Sports Institute of the Ñuble / Chile region voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were categorized according to age range (total group [GT], 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79 and 80-84 years). Body weight and height were evaluated for the calculation of IMC, upper body strength with the manual grip test (PM) in the dominant hand and the MV in 10 meters. Results: The main results indicate that MV was significantly lower for the 80-84 year-old group compared to the GT (p <0.03), 60-64 (p <0.00) and 65-69 years (p < 0.03). The 70-74 year group were significantly slower than the 60-64 year group (p <.024). The relationship between MV and PM for the analyzed group was positive, low and not significant (r = 0.20, p <0.06). Finally, Age and BMI resulted in a statistically significant model [F (2,82) = 13,784; p <0.001; R2 = 0.252, SE = 0.204m / s] for prediction of MV. Conclusion: In general, we conclude that MV decreased in older age groups and that PM does not present the same trend and that Age and IMC are predictors of MV in older women.

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