Relationship between Oral Bacterial Count and Postoperative Complications among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Treated by Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

In this retrospective observational study, we evaluated the relationship between perioperative oral bacterial counts and postoperative complications in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. From April 2012 to December 2018, all patients scheduled for surgery received perioperative oral management (POM) by oral specialists at a single center. Tongue dorsum bacterial counts were measured on the pre-hospitalization day, preoperatively, and postoperatively. Background data were collected retrospectively. Among the 470 consecutive patients, the postoperative complication incidence rate was 10.4% (pericardial fluid storage, n = 21; postoperative pneumonia, n = 13; surgical site infection, n = 9; mediastinitis, n = 2; and seroma, postoperative infective endocarditis, lung torsion, and pericardial effusion, n = 1 each). Oral bacterial counts were significantly higher in the pre-hospitalization than in the pre- and postoperative samples (p < 0.05). Sex, cerebrovascular disease, and operation time differed significantly between complications and no-complications groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis with propensity score adjustment showed a significant association between postoperative oral bacterial count and postoperative complications (odds ratio 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.60; p = 0.05). Since the development of cardiovascular complications is a multifactorial process, the present study cannot show that POM reduces complications but indicates POM may prevent complications in CVD patients.

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Optimal timing for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of gallbladder calculi incarceration

European Journal of Inflammation ◽

10.1177/20587392211051945 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 205873922110519

Author(s):

Jian-Heng Bao ◽

Yu-Jie Wang ◽

Hai-Tao Shang ◽

Cheng-Fei Hao ◽

Jun-Jian Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Operation Time ◽

Optimal Timing ◽

Duration Of Symptoms ◽

Popular Method ◽

Duration Of Hospitalization ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

The Relationship

Objective Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become a popular method in the treatment of gallbladder calculi incarceration (GCI). This study aimed to investigate the effect of early and delayed LC on patients with GCI to determine the optimal timing for LC. Methods The clinical data of 639 patients with GCI who had received LC were analyzed retrospectively. According to the duration of symptoms before admission and that from admission to LC, the patients were divided into different groups. The relationship between conversion and postoperative complications was compared among the different groups. Results Seventy-two patients (11.27%) underwent conversion to laparotomy, and 65 patients (10.17%) had postoperative complications. Patients in the LC > 15 d group were older ( p < 0.001), had a longer operation time ( p < 0.001), had a longer duration of hospitalization ( p < 0.001), had a higher proportion of conversion ( p < 0.001), and had a higher incidence of postoperative complications ( p < 0.001). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (RR = 1.701; 95% CI: 1.410–2.047; p < 0.001) and duration from admission to LC (RR = 7.072; 95% CI: 3.044–16.431; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for conversion. Older age, T2DM, CRP, duration of symptoms before admission >3 m, and duration from admission to LC > 15 d were independent predictors of postoperative complications. Conclusion For patients younger than 65 years without contraindications, early operation should be performed within 3 d after admission to reduce the operation time, hospitalization time, conversion, and postoperative complications.

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Cardiovascular complications of obesity

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease ◽

10.4081/monaldi.2006.518 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Teresa Cascella ◽

Francesco Giallauria ◽

Domenico Tafuri ◽

Gaetano Lombardi ◽

Annamaria Colao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Adulthood Transition ◽

The Relationship

Obesity is one of the major coronary risk factor representing an increasingly important worldwide health problem. The increased prevalence of obesity among younger population is likely to have long-term implications for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity plays a central role in the insulin resistance syndrome and contributes to increase the risk of atherosclerotic CVD. The present review will examine the relationships among cardiovascular risk factors during the childhood-adolescence-adulthood transition. In fact, the relationship between obesity (especially visceral obesity) and CVD appears to develop at a relatively young age. The foremost physical consequence of obesity is atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome represents an intriguing example of obesity-related cardiovascular complications affecting young women.

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The Relationship between Immigration Status and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in United States Adults with Diabetes—A 14-Year Study

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1491-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1491-P

Author(s):

APRILL DAWSON ◽

EMMA GARACCI ◽

MUKOSO N. OZIEH ◽

REBEKAH J. WALKER ◽

LEONARD E. EGEDE

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Immigration Status ◽

The Relationship

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New Views on the Relationship of Plasma Lipids to Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.95.6.1347 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 1347-1348 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Russell P. Tracy ◽

Paula B. Tracy

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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THE RELATIONSHIP OF OBESITY AND LOW HANDGRIP STRENGTH OR SARCOPENIC OBESITY AS A PREDICTOR OF THE PRESENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(20)32913-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. 2286

Author(s):

Jose Patricio Lopez ◽

Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo ◽

Paul A. Camacho ◽

Darryl Leong ◽

Sumathy Rangarajan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Sarcopenic Obesity ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis: is there a link between lipids and bone?

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1258/0004563021902134 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 203-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

John R Burnett ◽

Samuel D Vasikaran

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Bone Density ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Cholesterol Biosynthesis ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Clinical Effects ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽

The Relationship

Atherosclerotic heart disease and osteoporosis are both diseases of old age. Evidence is accumulating for a link between vascular and bone disease. Calcification is a common feature of atherosclerotic plaques, and osteoporosis is associated with both atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. However, the relationship of vascular calcification to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains incompletely understood. Hormone replacement therapy has beneficial effects in the prevention of both atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption and are used in the treatment of osteoporosis, whereas the statins inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis and are used for the treatment of atherosclerosis. We have reviewed recent advances in the knowledge of the actions of bisphosphonates and statins at the cellular, molecular and end-organ levels in order to examine the relationship between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis and to explore the link between lipids and bones. These studies suggest that the mechanism of actions of these two classes of drugs at the cellular level may not be mutually exclusive. There are some early clinical data to complement these findings, suggesting that statins increase bone density and bisphosphonates may have a beneficial effect in vivo on plasma lipid levels and on the atherosclerotic process. Properly designed prospective studies that examine the effect of statins on bone density and fractures, as well as the effects of bisphosphonates on lipid profiles, atherosclerotic progression and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are needed to define clearly the clinical effects and potential new roles for these agents.

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Single Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy by Using a 2 mm Atraumatic Grasper without Trocar

HPB Surgery ◽

10.1155/2011/761315 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kamil Gulpinar ◽

Suleyman Ozdemir ◽

S. Erpulat Ozis ◽

Turgut Aydin ◽

Atila Korkmaz

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Single Incision ◽

Single Port ◽

Operation Time ◽

Scar Formation ◽

Single Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Skin Scar

Purpose. We present our experience in single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy by using a grasper directly without using a trocar in five patients. Methods and Results. The technique involves the use of Karl Storz 27290F grasper in order to perform gallbladder retraction in single port cholecystectomy. The grasper was introduced directly into the skin through abdominal wall without using any trocar and used to mobilize gallbladder whenever needed during surgery without causing any perforation or leakage of the gallbladder. There were no intraoperative and postoperative complications in 5 patients with the advantages of shorter operation time and almost invisible postoperative skin scar formation. Conclusion. We claim that the use of this instrument in SILS surgery might be advantageous than the conventional placement of sutures for the gallbladder mobilization.

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HIV and cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa: Demographic and Health Survey data for 4 countries

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11218-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Leonard E. Egede ◽

Rebekah J. Walker ◽

Patricia Monroe ◽

Joni S. Williams ◽

Jennifer A. Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Health Survey ◽

Survey Design ◽

Logistic Models ◽

Population Data ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Investigate the relationship between two common cardiovascular diseases and HIV in adults living in sub-Saharan Africa using population data provided through the Demographic and Health Survey. Methods Data for four sub-Saharan countries were used. All adults asked questions regarding diagnosis of HIV, diabetes, and hypertension were included in the sample totaling 5356 in Lesotho, 3294 in Namibia, 9917 in Senegal, and 1051 in South Africa. Logistic models were run for each country separately, with self-reported diabetes as the first outcome and self-reported hypertension as the second outcome and HIV status as the primary independent variable. Models were adjusted for age, gender, rural/urban residence and BMI. Complex survey design allowed weighting to the population. Results Prevalence of self-reported diabetes ranged from 3.8% in Namibia to 0.5% in Senegal. Prevalence of self-reported hypertension ranged from 22.9% in Namibia to 0.6% in Senegal. In unadjusted models, individuals with HIV in Lesotho were 2 times more likely to have self-reported diabetes (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.08–3.73), however the relationship lost significance after adjustment. Individuals with HIV were less likely to have self-reported diabetes after adjustment in Namibia (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.12–0.72) and less likely to have self-reported hypertension after adjustment in Lesotho (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.47–0.83). Relationships were not significant for Senegal or South Africa. Discussion HIV did not serve as a risk factor for self-reported cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa during the years included in this study. However, given the growing prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in the region, and the high prevalence of undiagnosed cardiovascular disease, it will be important to continue to track and monitor cardiovascular disease at the population level and in individuals with and without HIV. Conclusions The odds of self-reported diabetes in individuals with HIV was high in Lesotho and low in Namibia, while the odds of self-reported hypertension in individuals with HIV was low across all 4 countries included in this study. Programs are needed to target individuals that need to manage multiple diseases at once and should consider increasing access to cardiovascular disease management programs for older adults, individuals with high BMI, women, and those living in urban settings.

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Lymphocyte C-reactive protein ratio: A new biomarker to predict early complications after gastrointestinal oncologic surgery

Cancer Biomarkers ◽

10.3233/cbm-210251 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Murat Yildirim ◽

Bulent Koca

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Operation Time ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Oncologic Surgery ◽

Protein Ratio ◽

Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽

Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Reactive Protein

BACKGROUND: Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) has been used as a post-surgical prognostic biomarker in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. However, its relationship with early postoperative complications in these patients is unknown. In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between LCR and postoperative complications. METHODS: Eighty-one patients operated for stomach and colorectal cancer between January 2020 and August 2020 were prospectively analyzed. On preoperative and postoperative days 1, 3 and 5, other inflammatory parameters, mainly LCR, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups according to Clavien-Dindo classification as stage III and higher complications major, stage I-II/non-complication minor. RESULTS: Fifty seven patients were operated for colorectal cancer, 24 patients for gastric cancer. The mean age of the patients was 65.6 ± 12.6, 34.6% of them was women. Age, operation time and hospital stay were significantly different between the groups (p= 0.004, p= 0.002, p< 0.001). Major complications developed in 18 patients. On postoperative day 5, LCR found superior diagnostic accuracy in predicting major postoperative complications compared to other inflammatory markers. On the postoperative 5th day, the cut-off value of LCR was 0.0034, 88.8% (71.9–94.8) sensitivity, and 85.7% (73.6–95.4) selectivity. CONCLUSION: Among different inflammatory markers, postoperative LCR is a safe and effective predictor of postoperative complications, especially after gastric and colorectal cancer surgery on day 5.

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Elucidating the Relationship Between Insomnia, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease

Gender and the Genome ◽

10.1177/2470289720980018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 247028972098001

Author(s):

Rebecca Leeds ◽

Ari Shechter ◽

Carmela Alcantara ◽

Brooke Aggarwal ◽

John Usseglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Future Research ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sex Research ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship ◽

Cvd Mortality

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality have been attributed to differences in pathophysiology between men and women and to disparities in CVD management that disproportionately affect women compared to men. Similarly, there has been investigation of differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia attributable to sex. Few studies have examined how sex and insomnia interact to influence CVD outcomes, however. In this review, we summarize the literature on sex-specific differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia as well as existing research regarding the relationship between insomnia and CVD outcomes as it pertains to sex. Research to date indicate that women are more likely to have insomnia than men, and there appear to be differential associations in the relation between insomnia and CVD by sex. We posit potential mechanisms of the relationship between sex, insomnia and CVD, discuss gaps in the existing literature, and provide commentary on future research needed in this area. Unraveling the complex relations between sex, insomnia, and CVD may help to explain sex-specific differences in CVD, and identify sex-specific strategies for promotion of cardiovascular health. Throughout this review, terms “men” and “women” are used as they are in the source literature, which does not differentiate between sex and gender. The implications of this are also discussed.

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