Retrieving Tarnished Daguerreotype Content Using X-ray Fluorescence Imaging—Recent Observations on the Effect of Chemical and Electrochemical Cleaning Methods

We report a study on the effect of chemical and electrochemical cleaning of tarnished daguerreotypes observed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy with a micro-focussed X-ray beam from a synchrotron source. It has been found that, while both techniques result in some success depending on the condition of the plate and the experimental parameters (chemical concentration, voltage, current, etc.) the effect varies, and cleaning is often incomplete. The XRF images using Hg Lα,β at an excitation energy just above the L3 edge threshold produce fine images, regardless of the treatment. This finding confirms previous observations that if the bulk of the image particles remains intact, the surface tarnish has little effect on the quality of the original daguerreotype image retrievable from XRF.

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Development of laboratory x-ray fluorescence holography equipment

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2003.0202 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 1471-1473 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yukio Takahashi ◽

Kouichi Hayashi ◽

Kimio Wakoh ◽

Naomi Nishiki ◽

Eiichiro Matsubara

Keyword(s):

Single Crystal ◽

Count Rate ◽

Detection System ◽

High Count ◽

Synchrotron Source ◽

High Count Rate ◽

X Ray ◽

Graphite Monochromator ◽

Time Required

Laboratory x-ray fluorescence holography equipment was developed. A single-bent graphite monochromator with a large curvature and a high-count-rate x-ray detection system were applied in this equipment. To evaluate the performance of this equipment, a hologram pattern of a gold single crystal was measured. It took two days, which was about one-third the time required for the previous measurements using the conventional x-ray source and several times that using the synchrotron source. The quality of the hologram pattern is as good as that obtained using the synchrotrons. Clear atomic images on (002) are reconstructed.

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Why is my image noisy? A look into the terms contributing to a time-resolved X-ray microscopy image

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s1600577521004240 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Simone Finizio ◽

Benjamin Watts ◽

Jörg Raabe

Keyword(s):

Photon Flux ◽

Dynamical Process ◽

Time Resolved ◽

X Ray ◽

Microscopy Image ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Scanning Transmission ◽

Imaging Conditions ◽

Microscopy Images

Through Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate how various experimental parameters can influence the quality of time-resolved scanning transmission X-ray microscopy images. In particular, the effect of the X-ray photon flux, of the thickness of the investigated samples, and of the frequency of the dynamical process under investigation on the resulting time-resolved image are investigated. The ideal sample and imaging conditions that allow for an optimal image quality are then identifed.

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X-Ray absorption edge elemental imaging of B. thuringienis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100153038 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 212-213

Author(s):

R. L. Stears

Keyword(s):

Absorption Edge ◽

Elemental Distribution ◽

X Rays ◽

Differential Absorption ◽

Synchrotron Source ◽

High Brightness ◽

X Ray ◽

Elemental Imaging ◽

Cellular Integrity ◽

X Ray Absorption

Because of the nature of the bacterial endospore, little work has been done on analyzing their elemental distribution and composition in the intact, living, hydrated state. The majority of the qualitative analysis entailed intensive disruption and processing of the endospores, which effects their cellular integrity and composition.Absorption edge imaging permits elemental analysis of hydrated, unstained specimens at high resolution. By taking advantage of differential absorption of x-ray photons in regions of varying elemental composition, and using a high brightness, tuneable synchrotron source to obtain monochromatic x-rays, contact x-ray micrographs can be made of unfixed, intact endospores that reveal sites of elemental localization. This study presents new data demonstrating the application of x-ray absorption edge imaging to produce elemental information about nitrogen (N) and calcium (Ca) localization using Bacillus thuringiensis as the test specimen.

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Texture of submicron Ni-Mn-Ga films studied by X-ray diffraction at the ANKA synchrotron source

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie ◽

10.1524/zkri.2007.2007.suppl_26.229 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 (suppl_26) ◽

pp. 229-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. A. Chernenko ◽

S. Doyle ◽

M. Kohl ◽

P. Müllner ◽

S. Besseghini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Synchrotron Source ◽

X Ray

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X-ray fluorescence determination of zinc sulfate in acidic zinc plating electrolyte

Industrial laboratory Diagnostics of materials ◽

10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-10-18-22 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 86 (10) ◽

pp. 18-22

Author(s):

K. N. Vdovin ◽

K. G. Pivovarova ◽

N. A. Feoktistov ◽

T. B. Ponamareva

Keyword(s):

Zinc Sulfate ◽

Zinc Coating ◽

Electrolyte Composition ◽

Complexometric Titration ◽

X Ray ◽

Fluorescence Determination ◽

Zinc Plating ◽

Zinc Determination

Zinc sulfate is the main component in the composition of the acidic zinc plating electrolyte. Deviation in the electrolyte composition from the optimum content leads to destabilization of the electrolysis process and deteriorate the quality of the resulting zinc coating. The proper quality of a zinc coating obtained by galvanic deposition can be ensured only with timely monitoring and adjustment of the electrolyte composition. A technique of X-ray fluorescence determination of zinc (in terms of zinc sulfate) in an acidic zinc plating electrolyte is proposed. The study was carried out using an ARL Quant’X energy dispersive spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) with a semiconductor silicon-lithium detector. The features of the spectrometer design are presented. The optimal parameters of excitation and detection of zinc radiation were specified when the electrolyte sample was diluted 1:1000. The ZnKα1 line was used as an analytical line. The plotted calibration graph is linear, the correlation coefficient being 0.999234. The results of zinc determination according to the developed method were compared with the data of the reference method of complexometric titration to prove the reliability of the procedure. The results are characterized by good convergence and accuracy. The proposed method of X-ray fluorescence zinc determination in a zinc plating electrolyte equals complexometric titration in the limiting capabilities and even exceeds the latter in terms of the simplicity of sample preparation and rapidity. The developed method of X-ray fluorescence determination of zinc is implemented in analysis of the electrolyte used in the continuous galvanizing unit at «METSERVIS LLC».

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Counterfeit Parts Recognition and Detection for Failure Analysts

ISTFA 2010: Conference Proceedings from the 36th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2010p0364 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Katherine V. Whittington

Keyword(s):

Thermal Cycle ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Acoustic Microscopy ◽

Scanning Acoustic Microscopy ◽

3D Measurement ◽

X Ray ◽

Wide Range ◽

Electronic Parts ◽

Testing Awareness

Abstract The electronics supply chain is being increasingly infiltrated by non-authentic, counterfeit electronic parts, whose use poses a great risk to the integrity and quality of critical hardware. There is a wide range of counterfeit parts such as leads and body molds. The failure analyst has many tools that can be used to investigate counterfeit parts. The key is to follow an investigative path that makes sense for each scenario. External visual inspection is called for whenever the source of supply is questionable. Other methods include use of solvents, 3D measurement, X-ray fluorescence, C-mode scanning acoustic microscopy, thermal cycle testing, burn-in technique, and electrical testing. Awareness, vigilance, and effective investigations are the best defense against the threat of counterfeit parts.

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OSTEOPOROSIS AND RISK FACTORS IN THE PATIENTS ON CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2014.6.7 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 50-58

Author(s):

Thi Dung Nguyen ◽

Tam Vo

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Bone Density ◽

Region Of Interest ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Hemodialysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

X Ray ◽

Density Reduction

Background: The patients on hemodialysis have a significantly decreased quality of life. One of many problems which reduce the quality of life and increase the mortality in these patients is osteoporosis and osteoporosis associated fractures. Objectives: To assess the bone density of those on hemodialysis by dual energy X ray absorptiometry and to examine the risk factors of bone density reduction in these patients. Patients and Method: This is a cross-sectional study, including 93 patients on chronic hemodialysis at the department of Hemodialysis at Cho Ray Hospital. Results: Mean bone densities at the region of interest (ROI) neck, trochanter, Ward triangle, intertrochanter and total neck are 0.603 ± 0.105; 0.583 ± 0.121; 0.811 ± 0.166; 0.489 ± 0.146; 0.723 ± 0.138 g/cm2 respectively. The prevalences of osteoporosis at those ROI are 39.8%, 15.1%; 28%; 38.7%; and 26.9% respectively. The prevalences of osteopenia at those ROI are 54.8%; 46.3%; 60.2%; 45.2% and 62.7% respectively. The prevalence of osteopososis in at least one ROI is 52.7% and the prevalence of osteopenia in at least one ROI is 47.3%. There are relations between the bone density at the neck and the gender of the patient and the albuminemia. Bone density at the trochanter is influenced by gender, albuminemia, calcemia and phosphoremia. Bone density at the intertrochanter is affected by the gender. Bone density at the Ward triangle is influenced by age and albuminemia. Total neck bone density is influenced by gender, albuminemia and phosphoremia. Conclusion: Osteoporosis in patients on chronic hemodialysis is an issue that requires our attention. There are many interventionable risk factors of bone density decrease in these patients. Key words: Osteoporosis, DEXA, chronic renal failure, chronic hemodialysis

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