scholarly journals Refining Irrigation Strategies in Horticultural Production

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Arturo Alvino ◽  
Maria Isabel Freire Ribeiro Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Food Security

Water, energy and food security are crucial for a sustainable long-term economy [...]

GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY AMID THE GLOBAL CRISIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
P. M. TARANOV ◽  
◽  
A. S. PANASYUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Food Problem ◽  
Supply Problem ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Food Security Indicators ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
Global Food

The authors assess the prospects for solving the global food problem based on an analysis of the dynamics of food security indicators at the global and regional levels. The global food problem at work refers to the growing population of a planet affected by hunger and other forms of malnutrition. The food security situation has worsened for five years - in 2015–2019, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the food supply problem. The prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity has affected more than 25% of the world's population. In lowincome countries, malnutrition affects more than 58% of the population. Food security is threatened by the consequences of the spread of coronavirus infection in the short term. In the medium and long term, climate change and the crisis in the governance of the world economy are the greatest threats. Modern international economic institutions are unable to withstand the prospect of declining global food security.

scholarly journals Application of a 1 km2 resolution model for climate change effects upon Benin and Nigeria vegetable agriculture

GEOMATICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Colin Minielly ◽  
O. Clement Adebooye ◽  
P.B. Irenikatche Akponikpe ◽  
Durodoluwa J. Oyedele ◽  
Dirk de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Climate Change Effects

Climate change and food security are complex global issues that require multidisciplinary approaches to resolve. A nexus exists between both issues, especially in developing countries, but little prior research has successfully bridged the divide. Existing resolutions to climate change and food security are expensive and resource demanding. Climate modelling is at the forefront of climate change literature and development planning, whereas agronomy research is leading food security plans. The Benin Republic and Nigeria have grown and developed in recent years but may not have all the tools required to implement and sustain long-term food security in the face of climate change. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and outputs of a new model that bridges climate change and food security. Data from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 5th Regional Assessment (IPCC AR5) were combined with a biodiversity database to develop the model to derive these outputs. The model was used to demonstrate what potential impacts climate change will have on the regional food security by incorporating agronomic data from four local underutilized indigenous vegetables (Amaranthus cruentus L., Solanum macrocarpon L., Telfairia occidentalis Hook f., and Ocimum gratissimum L.). The model shows that, by 2099, there is significant uncertainty within the optimal recommendations that originated from the MicroVeg project. This suggests that MicroVeg will not have long-term success for food security unless additional options (e.g., new field trials, shifts in vegetable grown) are considered, creating the need for need for more dissemination tools.

scholarly journals Dryland Food Security in Ethiopia: Current Status, Opportunities, and a Roadmap for the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6503
Author(s):  
Yu Peng ◽  
Hubert Hirwa ◽  
Qiuying Zhang ◽  
Guoqin Wang ◽  
Fadong Li
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Zero Hunger ◽  
The Impact

Given the impact of COVID-19 and the desert locust plague, the Ethiopian food security issue has once again received widespread attention. Its food crisis requires comprehensive and systematic research to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of zero hunger. This review discusses the current situation and the causes of food security in Ethiopia. We focus on the challenges in the food security assessment field. The article lists seven typical causes of food insecurity and three roots of food security in Ethiopia. Long-term food security assessment and a comprehensive understanding and manageability for food security causes are considered as the main existing research challenges. Climate-resilient management, water management, and long-term ecosystem network monitoring and data mining are suggested as potential roadmap for future research.

scholarly journals 100 Years of Progress in Applied Meteorology. Part III: Additional Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 24.1-24.35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Ellen Haupt ◽  
Branko Kosović ◽  
Scott W. McIntosh ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Kathleen Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Climate Information ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Applied Meteorology ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Behavior Models

AbstractApplied meteorology is an important and rapidly growing field. This chapter concludes the three-chapter series of this monograph describing how meteorological information can be used to serve society’s needs while at the same time advancing our understanding of the basics of the science. This chapter continues along the lines of Part II of this series by discussing ways that meteorological and climate information can help to improve the output of the agriculture and food-security sector. It also discusses how agriculture alters climate and its long-term implications. It finally pulls together several of the applications discussed by treating the food–energy–water nexus. The remaining topics of this chapter are those that are advancing rapidly with more opportunities for observation and needs for prediction. The study of space weather is advancing our understanding of how the barrage of particles from other planetary bodies in the solar system impacts Earth’s atmosphere. Our ability to predict wildland fires by coupling atmospheric and fire-behavior models is beginning to impact decision-support systems for firefighters. Last, we examine how artificial intelligence is changing the way we predict, emulate, and optimize our meteorological variables and its potential to amplify our capabilities. Many of these advances are directly due to the rapid increase in observational data and computer power. The applications reviewed in this series of chapters are not comprehensive, but they will whet the reader’s appetite for learning more about how meteorology can make a concrete impact on the world’s population by enhancing access to resources, preserving the environment, and feeding back into a better understanding how the pieces of the environmental system interact.

Emerging food and nutrition security challenges in Central Asia—implications for BRICS and emerging economies

2020 ◽  
pp. 909-932
Author(s):  
Suresh Chandra Babu ◽  
Kamiljon Akramov
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Critical Issues

In the last two decades, Central Asia has gone through several transitions in institutions and governance, each with consequences for the agricultural sectors in the region. Since their independence, the five countries Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, have made considerable progress towards increasing domestic food production. However, food security in the region is still threatened by major geopolitical and socio-economic challenges. Lack of support from institutions to advance farming has resulted in the low level of food security in the region. Lack of research and extension of support to farmers and low capacity for designing evidence-based policies are major challenges to the region’s food security. This chapter identifies critical issues and challenges faced by Central Asian countries for attaining short-term and long-term food and nutrition security, and the implications for BRICS and other emerging economies.

scholarly journals Sustainable Water Use for International Agricultural Trade: The Case of Pakistan

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Ali ◽  
Abdul M. Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad F. Riaz ◽  
Wei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Virtual Water Trade ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Sustainable Water Use

Sustainable use of resources is critical, not only for people but for the whole planet. This is especially so for freshwater, which in many ways determines the food security and long-term development of nations. Here, we use virtual water trade to analyze the sustainability of water used by Pakistan in the international trade of 15 major agricultural commodities between 1990 and 2016 and in 2030. Most of the existing country-level studies on virtual water trade focused on net virtual water importers, which are usually water-scarce countries as well. This is the first study to concentrate on a water-stressed net virtual water-exporting country. Our results show that Pakistan has been trading large and ever-increasing volumes of virtual water through agricultural commodities. Despite the overall small net export of total virtual water per year, Pakistan has been a net-exporter of large quantities of blue (fresh) virtual water through its trade, even by fetching a lower value for each unit of blue water exported. Given Pakistan’s looming water scarcity, exporting large volumes of blue virtual water may constrain the country’s food security and long-term economic development. Improving water use efficiency for the current export commodities, for example, rice and exploring less water-intensive commodities, for example, fruits and vegetables, for export purposes can help Pakistan achieve sustainable water use in the future.

Achieving Food Security Through Localisation, Not Aid: “De-development” and Food Sovereignty in the Palestinian Territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Yara M. Asi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

Food aid is a common response to the food insecurity brought by conflict and inadequate development. Yet the very well-intentioned actions that are meant to stave off immediate humanitarian crises may, in the long-term, serve as tools that promote dependence, decrease the likelihood of sustainable development, and make peace less possible. In this article, I examine food insecurity and food aid in the conflict-affected Palestinian territories. I will describe ways in which Palestinian efforts to localise food production and increase food security are actively hindered, as well as how the system of humanitarian food assistance meant to fill these gaps may in fact perpetuate them. Finally, I discuss policy recommendations for stakeholders in the conflict that can encourage Palestinian food sovereignty in a manner that increases prospects for long-term peace and development, while providing immediate benefits for Palestinian quality of life and well-being.

East Africa food security will test resilience concept

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Building Resilience

Significance This falls just short of a 'famine' warning -- which would require 20% of households to face catastrophe levels, as well as heightened malnutrition and mortality rates. The UN has warned of famine risks in four countries -- including two in the Horn of Africa. Immediate risks -- such as famine -- tend to absorb most aid funds, including those aimed at building resilience that would reduce humanitarian needs in the long term. Impacts If rains fail in the second half of this year, food security pressures could spiral. If famine prevention fails despite high-profile fundraising, aid agencies may face donor fatigue when seeking new funds for famine response. Differences in institutional approaches will complicate efforts to link humanitarian, development and peacebuilding activities.

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