scholarly journals Effects of Selenium on the Chlorophylls, Gas Exchange, Antioxidant Activity and Amino Acid Composition of Lettuce Grown under an Aquaponics System

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
María Carmen Piñero ◽  
Ginés Otálora ◽  
Jacinta Collado-González ◽  
Josefa López-Marín ◽  
Francisco M. del Amor
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Mixture Treatment ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Β Carotene

Aquaponics is a sustainable technique that is respectful to the environment, as it reuses products and minimizes the consumption of new materials. The combination of this technique with the foliar application of selenium (as Na2SeO4) could lead to healthier and more sustainable products, which are increasingly requested by consumers. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants were grown in an aquaponics system (fish water) as compared with a control (conventional soilless fertigation), and sprayed with different concentrations of selenium (0, 4, 8, and 16 µmol L−1). The results showed a reduction in the dry weight and N content of lettuce plants irrigated with the fish water mixture treatment. However, the application of Se relieved this stress, increasing the photosynthetic rate and ABTS, and reducing the content of chlorophylls, β-carotene, and several of the measured amino acids. The best results were observed with the highest concentration of Se (16 µmol L−1), as an increase in nitrogen content was observed, as shown by a greater weight of the plant. Furthermore, this treatment produced the greatest increase in ABTS and the least reduction in amino acid content. This novel study highlights the possibility of improving the efficiency of N utilization in lettuce by applying foliar selenium in combination with an aquaponics system.

scholarly journals Establishment of a procedure to determine the content of 17 amino acids in soft-shell crab (Scylla sp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phuong Lan ◽  
Do Thi Thanh Trung ◽  
Van Thu Vu ◽  
Le Tat Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Soft Shell

Mud crab Scylla sp. is a common sea crab species in Vietnam as well as in Asia Pacific. Today, mud crabs are raised on a large scale to be harvested at the soft molting stage because of the high economic value of the finished shell crabs. At present, the processing of soft shell crabs is limited to whole packaging and exporting. However, 30% of soft-shelled crabs in processing often lose their feet and claws, which reduce production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to study the technology of processing soft-shell crabs to improve the value of soft-shelled crab products. Recently, the application of enzymes in processing has brought many benefits such as being environmentally friendly and creating many bioactive substances. In this journal, we built the procedure to determine amino acid content in the processing of Scylla sp. to ensure the quality of products obtained after processing. This procedure based on HPLC using a fluorescence reader. The results showed that the amino acid content after hydrolysis process by enzyme technology reached 65.58% dry weight and contains many valuable amino acids such as lysine, leucine, valine, methionine, histidine.

scholarly journals Amino acid content in red wines obtained from grapevine nitrogen foliar treatments: consumption during the alcoholic fermentation

Wine Studies ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Portu ◽  
Rosa López ◽  
Isabel López-Alfaro ◽  
Lucía González-Arenzana ◽  
Pilar Santamaría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Commercial Nitrogen

Nitrogen is an important element for grapevine and winemaking which affects the development of the plant and yeast, and therefore it is important for wine quality. The aim of this work was to study the influence of foliar application to vineyard of proline, phenylalanine and urea and two commercial nitrogen fertilizers, without and with amino acids in their formulation, on the wine amino acid content and their consumption during the alcoholic fermentation. The results showed that these treatments did not affect the amino acid composition in wines. The differences observed for certain amino acids were so small that the concentration of total amino acids was not significantly different among wines. Moreover, it was observed that the higher the content of amino acids in the medium, the greater their consumption during the alcoholic fermentation.

The effects of amino acids on the growth and sporulation of Verticillium dahliae

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1299-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Duncan ◽  
E. B. Himelick
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight

Conidial and dry weight production of Verticillium dahliae varied greatly depending on the amino acid used as the nitrogen source in Czapek's–Dox medium. Variable fungal growth was also noted when mixtures of amino acids were used and growth was dependent on the type and concentration of each amino acid in the mixture. Similar variation was obtained when sugar maple (Acer saccharum) sap was amended with individual amino acids. These results are examined in relation to the reported variation in the amino acid content of host xylem sap and in relation to verticillium wilt development.

THE PHYSIOLOGY OF HOST–PARASITE RELATIONS: IVA. THE EFFECT OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE ON THE CARBOHYDRATE, NITROGEN, AND FREE AMINO ACID CONTENT OF THE FIRST LEAF OF KHAPLI WHEAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Samborski ◽  
Michael Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Host Parasite

Khapli wheat was grown in sand culture in 1-qt. crocks. Daily applications of maleic hydrazide (10 mg. per crock) were started about 10 days after sowing. After 5 to 12 or 15 days of treatment, samples were taken for analysis. Maleic hydrazide inhibited growth and caused increases in the dry weight, total soluble matter, sucrose, and free amino compounds, particularly glutamine and glutamate, in the first leaves. The treated leaves were also rich in starch which does not normally occur in the wheat leaf.

scholarly journals Fatty and amino acid profile of mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Igor Jajic ◽  
Aleksandra Popovic ◽  
Miroslav Urosevic ◽  
Sasa Krstovic ◽  
Milos Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Scale Production

The yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L., Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is an edible insect, distributed worldwide and a convenient candidate for industrial-scale production. Mealworms could be commercially used for the substitution of conventional protein sources. In our previous study, it was found that T. molitor larvae predominantly contained crude protein (55.83%) and crude fat (25.19%), as well as low content of nitrogen-free extract (based on dry weight). Mealworm specimens were maintained in an incubator under controlled conditions in plastic containers. Insects were sieved and put into the container with boiling water and cooked for 180 seconds. Moisture content was determined as weight loss after drying of larvae. Amino acids were determined on an Agilent Technologies 1260 series HPLC system. Fatty acid composition was determined on a Thermo Scientific TRACE 1300 gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector using TR-FAME column. The results showed that the content of unsaturated fatty acid is very high, i.e. oleic acid (C18:1) formed the major lipid component in 40.83%, which was followed by linoleic acid (C18:2, omega-6 fatty acid) with 29.80% and linolenic acid (C18:3) with 1.08%. The essential amino acids are highly represented in the samples (in % dry matter). This primarily refers to isoleucine (4.12), tyrosine (3.86), phenylalanine (3.06), leucine (2.96), lysine (2.67) and methionine (1.76). The differences in essential fatty and amino acid content between our results and discussed literature data, could be the consequence of different substrates used for rearing of insects. After everything stated above, the biological value of T. molitor larvae proves that it could be suitable as animal feed.

scholarly journals Glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase activities in relation to nitrogen fixation in Lotus spp.

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSANA GONNET ◽  
PEDRO DÍAZ
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ammonia Assimilation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Mesorhizobium Loti

Lotus corniculatus, L. tenuis, L. pedunculatus, and L. subbiflorus inoculated with Mesorhizobium loti NZP2037 strain were grown in a growth chamber. The plants dry weight (DW), the nodule fresh weight (FW), the nitrogenase activity, the nodule glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activities, as well as the leghemoglobin content and the amino acid in the stem were measured 28 days after inoculation. The highest DW of plants was measured in L. tenuis and the highest FW of nodules was measured in L. pedunculatus. Nitrogenase activity in L. tenuis, L. pedunculatus and L. subbiflorus was six fold the activity in L. corniculatus. Nodule GS and GOGAT activities did not follow this same pattern. L. tenuis had the highest values of GS and GOGAT activities in the nodule, and a high nitrogenase activity which is consistent with its high plant DW. The four species of Lotus were compared and no correlation between nitrogen fixation parameters and ammonia assimilation enzymes was found, but the GS/GOGAT ratio has a positive and significant correlation (r²=0.82**) with the amino acid content in stems.

scholarly journals Selenium Biofortification Differentially Affects Sulfur Metabolism and Accumulation of Phytochemicals in Two Rocket Species (Eruca Sativa Mill. and Diplotaxis Tenuifolia) Grown in Hydroponics

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Dall’Acqua ◽  
Andrea Ertani ◽  
Elizabeth Pilon-Smits ◽  
Marta Fabrega-Prats ◽  
Michela Schiavon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
Wild Rocket

Biofortification can be exploited to enrich plants in selenium (Se), an essential micronutrient for humans. Selenium as selenate was supplied to two rocket species, Eruca sativa Mill. (salad rocket) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia (wild rocket), at 0–40 μM in hydroponics and its effects on the content and profile of sulphur (S)-compounds and other phytochemicals was evaluated. D. tenuifolia accumulated more total Se and selenocysteine than E. sativa, concentrating up to ~300 mg Se kg−1 dry weight from 10–40 μM Se. To ensure a safe and adequate Se intake, 30 and 4 g fresh leaf material from E. sativa grown with 5 and 10–20 μM Se, respectively or 4 g from D. tenuifolia supplied with 5 μM Se was estimated to be optimal for consumption. Selenium supplementation at or above 10 μM differentially affected S metabolism in the two species in terms of the transcription of genes involved in S assimilation and S-compound accumulation. Also, amino acid content decreased with Se in E. sativa but increased in D. tenuifolia and the amount of phenolics was more reduced in D. tenuifolia. In conclusion, selenate application in hydroponics allowed Se enrichment of rocket. Furthermore, Se at low concentration (5 μM) did not significantly affect accumulation of phytochemicals and plant defence S-metabolites.

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF AMINO-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION ON ENHANCEMENT OF BETA CAROTENE CONTENT IN FENUGREEK PLANT.

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Shivi Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Β Carotene

Plants are capable of synthesizing β-carotene but unfortunately humans are not able to do so. However, they are capable of converting β-carotene absorbed from their diets to vitamin A. Hence, an increase in β-carotene content in plants can be an alternative to increase the vitamin A content & prevent from certain diseases content in diet of individuals. Therefore, foliar application of amino acid solution is a technique used for investigating the effect of amino acid supplementation on enhancement of beta carotene content in green leafy vegetables. In this study, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds are treated with proline, tyrosine, tryptophan and proline, tyrosine, tryptophan combination (1:1:1). It was observed that growth and beta carotene content were higher in the treated plants. Exclusive treatment with Proline, tyrosine and the tryptophan resulted in an increase in growth and beta carotene content when compared to control which is lesser than that of proline-tyrosine-tryptophan combination treated seeds.

Organoleptic Quality, Minerals, Proteins and Amino Acids from Two Tunisian Commercial Pomegranate Fruits

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Elfalleh ◽  
Nizar Tlili ◽  
Ma Ying ◽  
He Sheng-Hua ◽  
Ali Ferchichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Total Amino Acid Content ◽  
Major Storage Protein

Chemicals from fresh pomegranates were established. Total sugar of juice extracts are mainly fructose (ca. 7.27 g/100 ml) and glucose (ca. 8.11 g/100 ml). Pulp minerals, expressed as mg/100g are potassium (351.26), magnesium (10.02), calcium (9.26), sodium (7.25), iron (0.15), Zinc (0.10), copper (0.08) and manganese (0.04). Juice proteins are about 7.95 g/l and dry pulp proteins are 24% on a dry-weight basis DW (Kjeldhal assays). Seed proteins are ca. 16.87% DW. Globulins (62.4 mg/g DW) and albumins (54.12 mg/g DW) are the major storage protein fractions, followed by glutelins (33.2 mg/g DW) and prolamins (18.08 mg/g DW). Seed total amino acid content is 14.45 g/100 g DW. Seeds are rich in Glu, Arg, Asp, Leu and Gly amino acids. Essential amino acids average 33.54% of total amino acid. Essential amino acids are mostly all much higher than the requirement of FAO/WHO for adults (but none for preschool children). Most other amino acids have content slightly fewer. All of these findings implied that the content of sugar, mineral and protein maybe included in pomegranate as supplements for commonly diets.

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