scholarly journals Mosquito-Borne Diseases: Social Representations of a University Community in Endemic Outbreaks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-493
Author(s):  
Sylvain Delouvée ◽  
Gail Moloney ◽  
Kathleen McColl ◽  
Grégory Lo Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Lay Theories ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Correspondence Factor Analysis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Access Information ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Studying social representations as lay theories allows for a better understanding of the common sense knowledge constructed around mosquito-borne diseases and the impact this may have on attitudes and behaviors. (2) Methods: A hierarchical evocation questionnaire was circulated through an Australian academic community and analyzed by prototypical analysis and correspondence factor analysis. (3) Results: Representational areas are regulated by participant age and whether or not they had contracted a mosquito-borne disease. (4) Conclusions: Collecting and understanding social representations has the potential to help social actors implement strategies that encourage people to access information and adopt behaviors in line with the scientific reality of the phenomenon, rather than limiting lay theories.

Alcohol Problem Prevention: A “Common Sense” Approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-393
Author(s):  
Selden D. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Social Science Approach

In view of the low likelihood of the acceptance of the social science approach to alcohol problems proposed several years ago, a “common sense” approach is suggested as an alternative. Several assumptions guide this proposal, the principal one being the absence of any significant progress in the reduction of alcohol problems in the United States over the past 200 years. By the development of a common vocabulary and direct methods of observation and data collection, the “common sense” approach would provide for identifying the strengths of the multitude of past and current efforts in dealing with alcohol problems in terms of both intervention and prevention. The guiding criterion in such an approach would be the impact on alcoholism and alcohol-related problems, the definition of which would be a major task of the research.

scholarly journals A ESPERANÇA INDÍGENA ATRAVÉS DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Marcio Magera Conceição ◽  
Ricardo Shitsuka ◽  
Maria Fani Scheibel ◽  
Max Leandro de Araújo Brito
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Keywords Education

A ESPERANÇA INDÍGENA ATRAVÉS DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS INDIGENOUS HOPE THROUGH BRAZILIAN PUBLIC POLICIES LA ESPERANZA INDÍGENA POR MEDIO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS BRASILEÑAS RESUMO Estima-se que os povos indígenas no Brasil contavam com uma população em torno de 2 a 5 milhões de habitantes na época do descobrimento. Atualmente há cerca de um milhão. Há o desânimo e a falta de perspectivas nesses povos muitos dos quais vivem em regiões afastadas nas matas O objetivo do artigo é desvelar as representações sociais associadas às perspectivas desses povos e a sua possibilidade de melhoria. Realiza-se uma pesquisa na qual se verifica as representações sociais por meio de entrevista, no ano de 2017, em graduandos de um curso de Licenciatura Indígena. Verificou-se nos entrevistados, a presença do senso comum que aponta para a necessidade da educação dos povos indígenas. Observou-se a esperança para melhoria das condições desses povos que vem através dos cursos de Licenciatura Indígena que têm ajudado a preservar aspectos histórico-sociais, culturais e possibilidades futuras uma vez que os licenciados voltam para suas aldeias para trabalhar a educação básica nos jovens. Palavras-chave: Educação; Ensino; Licenciatura intercultural; Formação Indígena; Confiança. ABSTRACT It is estimated that indigenous peoples in Brazil had a population of about 2 to 5 million inhabitants at the time of discovery. There are now about one million. There is discouragement and lack of perspective on these peoples, many of whom live in remote regions of the forest. The purpose of this article is to unveil the social representations associated with the perspectives of these peoples and their possibility of improvement. A research is carried out in which the social representations are verified by means of interviews, in the year of 2017, in undergraduates of an Indigenous Licentiate course. It is verified among the interviewees, the common sense that points to the need of education of indigenous peoples. It was observed the hope for the improvement of the conditions of these peoples that come through the courses of Indigenous teachers formation that have helped to preserve historical-social aspects, cultural and future possibilities once graduates return to their villages to work on basic education of young people. Keywords: Education; Teaching; Intercultural bachelor; Indigenous formation; Confidence. RESUMEN Se estima que los pueblos indígenas en Brasil contaban con una población de alrededor de 2 a 5 millones de habitantes en la época del descubrimiento. Actualmente hay cerca de un millón. Hay el desánimo y la falta de perspectivas en esos pueblos muchos de los cuales viven en regiones alejadas en los bosques. El objetivo del presente artículo es desvelar las representaciones sociales asociadas a las perspectivas de esos pueblos y su posibilidad de mejora. Se realiza una investigación en la que se verifican las representaciones sociales por medio de entrevista, en el año de 2017, en graduandos de un curso de Licenciatura Indígena. Se observó en los entrevistados el sentido común que apunta a la necesidad de la educación de los pueblos indígenas. Se trató de una esperanza para mejorar las condiciones de esos pueblos que vienen a través de los cursos de Licenciatura Indígena que han ayudado a preservar aspectos histórico-sociales, culturales y posibilidades futuras una vez que los licenciados regresan a sus aldeas para trabajar la educación básica en los jóvenes. Palabras clave: Educación; Enseñanza; Licenciatura intercultural; Formación indígena; Confianza.

Informar o Óbito aos Familiares: Significados e Sentimentos dos Médicos / To Inform the Death to One's Relatives: Meanings and Feelings of the Doctors

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Kamila Alessandra Maia ◽  
Ana Maria Nassar Cintra Soane ◽  
Aldaíza Ferreira Antunes Fortes
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ethics In Research

Objetivo: Conhecer os significados e sentimentos de médicos de duas Instituições de Saúde, ao terem que informar o óbito aos familiares. Materiais e métodos: Estudo qualitativo, exploratório, descritivo, transversal e de campo. Contou com 20 médicos participantes, amostragem do tipo não-probabilística intencional. Realizada a coleta de dados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Na análise de dados foi utilizado o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo sob o referencial das Representações Sociais. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que os significados de informar o óbito aos familiares relatados, com maior frequência, pelos médicos foram: “Situação difícil” e “Condição inerente da profissão”. Em relação aos sentimentos relatados com maior frequência foram: “Triste” e “Impotência”. Conclusão: Divergindo do senso comum, este estudo evidenciou que os médicos, mesmo não transparecendo, sofrem diante do óbito de seus pacientes.  Palavras Chave: Morte, comunicação, família.  Objective: To know the meanings and feelings of doctors of two Institutions of Health, when having to inform the death of a person to their relatives. Material and Methods: Qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, transverse and of field study. It was performed with 20 doctors and the sampling was of the non-probabilistic intentional type. Accomplished the collection of data through semi-structured interview, after approval of the Committee of Ethics in Research. In the analysis of data the method of the Collective Subject's Speech was used under the reference of the Social Representations. Results: The results revealed that the meanings of informing the death to one’s relatives, more frequently, for the doctors were: "Difficult situation" and "Inherent Condition of the profession". In relation to the feelings related, the most frequent were: "Sad" and "Helplessness". Conclusion: Diverging from the common sense, this study suggested that the doctors, even when not showing, suffer with their patients' death.  Keywords: Death, communication, family.

scholarly journals The Notion of Common and Social Representations

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-314
Author(s):  
Denise Jodelet
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Daily Experience ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
The Commons ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Perspective

The recent emergence of social and political movements calling for common sense and the use of the notion of common in philosophy and social sciences has led to the opening of a reflection on the social and scientific representations concerning them. After having mentioned some political uses of the notions of common sense and common, we examine a notion that is closely associated with them: that of community on which S. Moscovici expresses a reserved position but introduces a new perspective on cybercommunities and the importance attached to affectivity in community groups. The ways of dealing with common sense, identified over time, from antiquity to the present day, highlight certain recurrences from a double perspective. From a typological point of view, several characterizations are distinguished: through simple sharing, through the sameness of moral values and emotional dimensions, through rooting in daily experience, through its devaluation as a form of knowledge in relation to science, through rationality, through its potential for revolt or on the contrary through conformity. From a conceptual point of view, common sense is analyzed as an epistemic characteristic of a group, in its content, formation, transmission, and role in social cohesion. The latest developments in the reflection highlight its link with democracy and populism. The term common of recent appearance is situated opposite the notion of common goods which, after having focused on material realities, now integrates the facts and practices of knowledge, being the subject of a specific domain: the commons of knowledge. The common appears as a new way of approaching social relationships and responds to the desire to introduce a relational, ethical and political dimension into the analysis of social and change processes. In this respect, the call to the common presents affinities with the approach of social representations. The examination of the different scientific and secular representations regarding the notions of community, common sense and common makes it possible to establish connections with the perspective of the study of social representations and to open the way for new investigations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Socialization on Collaborative Learning Method in E-Learning Management System (eLMS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Zahraa Abed Aljasim Muhisn ◽  
Mazida Ahmad ◽  
Mazni Omar ◽  
Sinan Adnan Muhisn
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Management System ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Management System ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Learning Management ◽  
The Impact

The rapidly increasing use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the academic community allows learners to access information and academic content anywhere at anytime. e-Learning Management System (eLMS) is one of the popular tools that are increasingly being used in higher education institutions to support and manage teaching and learning. This empirical study was thus conducted to investigate the impact of e-learning on the socialisation among students in Iraq. The sample comprised of 109 undergraduate students from College of Information Technology at a public university in Iraq, all of whom were active eLMS users. The participants took part in a survey, the results of which indicated that knowledge can be effectively transferred from lecturer to students via eLMS, which motivates students to share knowledge with peers through socialisation process, which is one of the critical aspects of Knowledge Management (KM).

scholarly journals The impact of successor characteristic on stock returns

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-5) ◽  
pp. 516-524
Author(s):  
Wei-Chuan Wang ◽  
Yi-Min Yu ◽  
Shi-jie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Wealth Effects ◽  
Executive Turnover ◽  
Vicious Cycle ◽  
Top Executives ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

To find out effects of top managers’ turnover on stock returns, this study utilizes the market model to analyze the wealth effects of top executive turnover in Taiwanese listed electronic companies. Results in this study show that in the case of insider successor condition, it supports the ritual scapegoating theory for top executives (R&D Managers and CEOs). The results of chairmans are more consistent with vicious cycle hypothesis. On the other hand, the case of outsider successor condition shows that the ritual scapegoating theory is more suitable for CEOs and chairmans. The common sense theory is more valid when the new outsider successors are R&D Managers. The results of this study show that selecting the chairman of board is a critical decision when new successors of chairman of board are insider. The results also show the turnovers of R&D managers have positive stock reactions when new successors are outsiders

The Impact of Universal Suicide-Prevention Programs on the Help-Seeking Attitudes and Behaviors of Youths

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Klimes-Dougan ◽  
David A. Klingbeil ◽  
Sarah J. Meller
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Universal Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicide Prevention Programs ◽  
The Impact

Background: While the ultimate goal of adolescent suicide-prevention efforts is to decrease the incidence of death by suicide, a critical intermediary goal is directing youths toward effective sources of assistance. Aim: To comprehensively review the universal prevention literature and examine the effects of universal prevention programs on student’s attitudes and behaviors related to help-seeking. Method: We systematically reviewed studies that assessed help-seeking outcomes including prevention efforts utilizing (1) psychoeducational curricula, (2) gatekeeper training, and (3) public service messaging directed at youths. Of the studies reviewed, 17 studies evaluated the help-seeking outcomes. These studies were identified through a range of sources (e.g., searching online databases, examining references of published articles on suicide prevention). Results: The results of this review suggest that suicide-prevention programming has a limited impact on help-seeking behavior. Although there was some evidence that suicide-prevention programs had a positive impact on students’ help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, there was also evidence of no effects or iatrogenic effects. Sex and risk status were moderators of program effects on students help-seeking. Conclusions: Caution is warranted when considering which suicidal prevention interventions best optimize the intended goals. The impact on adolescents’ help-seeking behavior is a key concern for educators and mental-health professionals.

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