scholarly journals A Survey of Rural Residents’ Perception and Response to Health Risks from Hot Weather in Ethnic Minority Areas in Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haipeng Li ◽  
Jiabao Guan ◽  
Hui Ye ◽  
Haichen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Hot Weather

Ethnic minority areas in southwestern China are facing frequent high-temperature heatwaves. The health risk perceptions and responses of the local residents need to be investigated in order to formulate public policies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on health. In this study, a household survey was conducted in Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County of Chongqing from January to February 2019. A total of 624 local residents were sampled using the multi-stage sampling method. We used multivariate logistic regression models to explore the factors affecting risk perceptions and responses with regard to hot weather. The results showed that despite a relatively high level of risk perception, the study population had a very low level of willingness to see a doctor (24.4%), especially ethnic minority residents (17.5%). In particular, 80% of residents were aware of climate warming and 79% of residents were aware of the health risks of hot weather. Almost all survey participants reported a response to hot weather, with more than half of the participants stating that they would go somewhere cooler (58.5%) and drink more water (56.3%). Compared with the Han Chinese, ethnic minority participants had a higher perception of warm temperature (p <0.001) and associated health risks (p <0.001) but a lower perception of physical discomfort (p <0.001) and aggravated diseases (p = 0.001). The logistic models indicated that ethnic minority, residence time, outdoor working hours, and health status can significantly influence perceptions and subsequently significantly affect coping behaviors. In conclusion, our findings provide significant implications for the development of policies and health education and promotion programs for ethnic minorities in southwest China to aid them in maintaining good health during future hot weather events.

Resilience revisited: AIDS and resilience among a Yi ethnic minority in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
pp. 095935432110011
Author(s):  
Rachel Sing-Kiat Ting ◽  
Louise Sundararajan ◽  
Yuanshan Luo ◽  
Junyi Wang ◽  
Kejia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Conceptual Space ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

This study attempts to widen the conceptual space of resilience in (Western) psychology in order to better capture the resilience landscape of an ethnic minority group ravaged by the HIV/AIDS pandemic—the Nuosu-Yi in Southwest China. Without decolonizing the construct of resilience, non-Western versions of coping with adversities cannot be properly understood. Our process of decolonization of resilience involved two steps: First, we conducted semistructured interviews with the target population ( N = 21) to take inventory of their Indigenous notions of resilience. Second, for conceptual comparison, we mapped the themes and categories, derived from thematic analysis, of the interview data onto the conceptual space of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), which we used as proxy for mainstream conceptualizations of resilience. This mapping revealed multiple lacunae in the theoretical framework of RSA, and unique properties in the Indigenous approach to adversities in contrast. Far reaching theoretical and practical implications of this investigation are discussed.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Health Risks from Hot Weather, and Coping Behaviors among Ethnic Minority Groups in Mountain Areas of China: A Case Study in the Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ye ◽  
Juan Ma ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
And Coping

Limited research focuses on risk perceptions of hot weather among ethnic minority groups in remote mountain areas of China. Adopting a multi-stage sampling method, this study received completed questionnaires from 643 participates in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of China in 2017 and 2018. We used multivariate logistic regression models to explore the factors affecting risk perceptions and coping behaviors with regards to hot weather. Results showed that despite a relatively high level of risk perception, the study population in the mountain areas of China had a very low level of preparedness in responding to the risks from heat, and a lack of professional health knowledge in general. In particular, 61.3% (95% CI: 57.1%−5.6%) of the participants felt increasing temperatures in recent years, 73.2% (95% CI: 69.3%−7.0%) thought extreme high temperatures would be a health threat, and 61.3% (95% CI: 57.1%−5.4%) reported physical discomfort during hot weather. However, only 12% (95% CI: 9.5%−4.5%) had the information or knowledge to stay healthy during the extreme high temperatures, and only 24.2% had (95% CI: 20.8%−7.6%) preparation. The logistic regression models suggested that ethnic group, health status, marital status, gender, and employment could affect their perceptions, which could significantly affect the adoption of coping behaviors. In conclusion, our findings have significant implications for developing policies and health education and promotion programs for ethnic minorities in remote regions to maintain good health during hot weather.

scholarly journals Social capital and dietary patterns in three ethnic minority groups native to Yunnan Province, Southwest China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256078
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Zhitao Liu ◽  
Wenmin Hu ◽  
Xinguang Chen ◽  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups

Background Few studies have focused on the influencing factors of dietary practices among ethnic minority groups in China, particularly from a social capital perspective. Methods Between May and September 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among adults (n = 1,813) from three ethnic minority communities (A Chang, De Ang and Jing Po) in Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Dietary intakes during the past 12 months were measured with a 100-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and two forms of social capital (bonding and bridging) were measured using the validated Personal Social Capital Scale 16 (PSCS-16). Principal component factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns from 20 food groups. Multivariate linear regressions were used to examine the associations between social capital and dietary patterns. Results Two distinct dietary patterns were identified: the traditional and the modern. The traditional pattern was characterized by high consumptions of tubers, poultry, rice, fruits, vegetables and low consumptions of oil and salt, whereas the modern pattern was highly correlated with egg, nut, beverage, snack and oil consumptions. After adjusted for potential confounders, the modern pattern was positively associated with bonding capital (β = 0.066; 95%CI: 0.058, 0.075) and negatively associated with bridging capital (β = -0.017; 95%CI: -0.024, -0.010). Conclusion In conclusion, an unhealthy dietary pattern was identified among the ethnic minority groups in Southwest China. The influences of people’s social connections on dietary behaviors should be considered in designing and implementing nutrition intervention programs for the population.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Police Officers’ Perceptions of Health Risk, Work Stress, and Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiufeng Huang ◽  
Ali Ahmad Bodla ◽  
Chiyin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Health Risk Perception

BackgroundHow do the police officers perceive health risk, psychological distress, and work stress during the COVID-19 outbreak in China? This study explores the health risk perception, work stress, and psychological distress of police officers who worked at the front line to implement lockdown measures.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a large-scale field survey (N = 5,611) with police officers sample in the northwestern part of China from February 29 to March 7, 2020. Independent-sample T-test and ANOVA were used to analyze whether there are differences in health risk perception, work stress, and psychological distress between different groups. The regression analysis was employed to figure out the factors that influence police officers’ psychological distress.ResultsResults showed a gender difference in perceiving work stress among police officers. Also, police officers with chronic disease perceived higher health risks, more psychological distress, and higher work stress. Additionally, police officers above 45 years old significantly perceived higher health risks than young officers did. It also revealed that working hours contribute to police officers’ health risk perception, psychological distress, and work stress. Finally, our results highlight that age, working hours, chronic disease, health risk perception, and work stress significantly contribute to police officers’ psychological distress.ConclusionOur research verifies that there is a gender difference in perceiving work stress among police officers. Police officers with ongoing medical issues and above 45 years old suffer more during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Our research suggests that the government should pay more attention to their physical health and mental health. The heavy workload containing the COVID-19 extends police officers’ working hours, causing higher health risks, work stress, and psychological distress. This study contributes to the psychological distress literature and provides a way forward to other countries struggling to contain the COVID-19.

Assessment of multiple exposure to chemical elements and health risks among residents near Huodehong lead-zinc mining area in Yunnan, Southwest China

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 613-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yirun Wang ◽  
Ruming Wang ◽  
Liyun Fan ◽  
Tiantian Chen ◽  
Yahong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Multiple Exposure ◽  
Lead Zinc

Tacit knowledge and risk perceptions: Tullow Oil and lay publics in Ghana’s offshore oil region

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester Senyo Ofori-Parku
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Risk Process ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Offshore Oil Production ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Fish Harvest ◽  
Offshore Oil

This study examines how local residents make sense of offshore oil production risks in Ghana’s nascent petroleum industry. From a naturalistic-interpretive perspective, it is primarily based on in-depth interviews with community residents: 8 opinion leaders, 15 residents, and 1 journalist. Residents associate Tullow’s oil activities with health concerns (e.g. conjunctivitis), environmental challenges (e.g. the emergence of decomposed seaweeds along the shore), and socio-economic concerns (e.g. loss of livelihoods, decline in fish harvest, and increased rent and cost of living). Focusing on how the local, practical knowledge of interviewees manifest in their sense of offshore oil risks, the study identifies two strategies—scapegoating and tacit knowing—underlying how residents construe offshore oil risks and benefits. Beyond its theoretical contribution to the social construction of risk process, the study illustrates the challenge the expert-lay publics dichotomy poses (and the potential bridging this dichotomy has) for corporate and societal risk management.

Communicating Health Risks to the Public

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
James Leonhardt ◽  
Robin Keller ◽  
Ronald Lembke
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Probabilistic Information ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Numeric Formats ◽  
Probability Information ◽  
Potential Tool

<p xss=removed><span lang="EN-US" xss=removed>Health risks, such as the probability of experiencing a side effect from a medication, are typically communicated numerically. However, presenting risks in strictly numeric formats is problematic considering that the public often experiences difficulty in comprehending strictly numeric probabilities. To help overcome this problem, Leonhardt and Keller (2018) tested the efficacy of using pictographs to visually present probabilistic information to health consumers. They found that the addition of pictographs alongside numeric probability information increased probability comprehension and lessened the perceived risk of a multiple risk health option. Here, we review relevant work on probability format and build on the general evaluability theory to posit why pictographs may result in lower risk perceptions of multiple risk options. We discuss current limitations in our understanding of how the public perceives multiple risk options, and we highlight opportunities for future research. For instance, we introduce Quick Response (QR) codes as a potential tool to help consumers view health risks in multiple formats on the Internet.</span><br></p>

scholarly journals Interactions between Resident Risk Perceptions and Wildfire Risk Mitigation: Evidence from Simultaneous Equations Modeling

Fire ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
James R. Meldrum ◽  
Hannah Brenkert-Smith ◽  
Patricia Champ ◽  
Jamie Gomez ◽  
Lilia Falk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Wildfire Risk ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Publicly Supported ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Simultaneous Model

Fire science emphasizes that mitigation actions on residential property, including structural hardening and maintaining defensible space, can reduce the risk of wildfire at a home. Accordingly, a rich body of social science literature investigates the determinants of wildfire risk mitigation behaviors of residents living in fire-prone areas. Here, we investigate relationships among wildfire hazards, residents’ risk perceptions, and conditions associated with mitigation actions using a combination of simulated wildfire conditions, household survey responses, and professionally assessed parcel characteristic data. We estimate a simultaneous model of these data that accounts for potential direct feedbacks between risk perceptions and parcel-level conditions. We also compare the use of self-reported versus assessed parcel-level data for estimating these relationships. Our analysis relies on paired survey and assessment data for approximately 2000 homes in western Colorado. Our simultaneous model demonstrates dual-directional interactions between risk perceptions and conditions associated with mitigation actions, with important implications for inference from simpler approaches. In addition to improving general understanding of decision-making about risk and natural hazards, our findings can support the effectiveness of publicly supported programs intended to encourage mitigation to reduce society’s overall wildfire risk.

scholarly journals A Survey on the Role of Fringe Benefits in Employee Satisfaction – An Analysis of Organizations of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Sahar Nisar ◽  
Danish Ahmed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fringe Benefits ◽  
Flexible Working Hours ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship between fringe benefits and employee’s job satisfaction. More specifically, following variables were taken as fringe benefits (i) Health Protection Benefits, (ii) Recreation Leaves, and (iii) Flexible Working hours. The primary data is gathered through questionnaire from the sample size of 200 respondents based on non-probability convenience sampling technique. The results were later analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression. This study showed positive and significant relationship of Recreation Leaves and Health protection benefits on job satisfaction whereas in case of flexible working hours, the relationship seems to be insignificant. Through results, it may be concluded that if a good number of leaves and a good health Protection plan is provided by the employer, the employees tend to be more satisfied and committed towards their job. Whereas, flexible working hours does not much contribute much towards their level of satisfaction towards job. This study might help employers in Pakistan to add commendable benefits programs to their schedule in order to retain their loyal employees and increase firm’s productivity.

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