scholarly journals Utilising Digital Health Technology to Support Patient-Healthcare Provider Communication in Fragility Fracture Recovery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Yadav ◽  
Ayantika Haldar ◽  
Unyime Jasper ◽  
Anita Taylor ◽  
Renuka Visvanathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of digital health supported targeted patient communication versus usual provision of health information, on the recovery of fragility fractures. The review considered studies including older people, aged 50 and above, with a fragility fracture. The primary outcome was prevention of secondary fractures by diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis, and its adherence. This review considered both experimental and quasi-experimental study designs. A comprehensive search strategy was built to identify key terms including Medical subject headings (MeSH) and applied to the multiple electronic databases. An intention to treat analysis was applied to those studies included in the meta-analysis and odds ratio was calculated with random effects. Altogether, 15 studies were considered in the final stage for this systematic review. Out of these, 10 studies were Randomised controlled trials (RCT) and five were quasi experimental studies, published between the years 2003 and 2016 with a total of 5037 participants. Five Randomised control trails were included in the meta-analysis suggesting that digital health supported interventions were overall, twice as effective when compared with the usual standard care (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.30–3.48), despite the population sample not being homogeneous. Findings from the remaining studies were narratively interpreted.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Digital Interventions for Psychological Well-Being in the Workplace: A Systematic Review Protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Armaou ◽  
Stathis Konstantinidis ◽  
Holly Blake
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Mental Well Being

Objective: Psychological well-being has been associated with desirable individual and organisational outcomes. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of digital interventions for the improvement of psychological well-being and/or the prevention/management of poor mental well-being in the workplace. Methods: This review protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019142428). Scientific databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and EMBASE will be searched for relevant studies published between January 1990 and July 2019. Studies will be included if they report specific primary and secondary outcomes of digital interventions delivered to adults in the workplace for the improvement of their psychological wellbeing and/or the prevention/management of poor mental well-being and were published in English. Following screening of titles and abstracts, full texts of potentially eligible papers will be screened in duplicate to identify studies that assess the effectiveness of those digital interventions. Discrepancies will be resolved through consensus or by consulting a third reviewer. An integrated narrative synthesis will assess included studies’ findings, and a meta-analysis will be performed if included studies appear to be homogeneous. The “Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias” tool and the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies will be used to appraise included studies. Conclusion: The results of this work will provide recommendations on the use of digital interventions for the promotion of psychological well-being at work. It will also guide the development of future workplace digital interventions and subsequent primary research in this field.

scholarly journals Impact of improved cookstoves on women’s and child health in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1026-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megha Thakur ◽  
Paulien A W Nuyts ◽  
Esther A Boudewijns ◽  
Javier Flores Kim ◽  
Timor Faber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Low And Middle Income

ObjectivesImproved biomass cookstoves may help reduce the substantial global burden of morbidity and mortality due to household air pollution (HAP) that disproportionately affects women and children in low and middle income countries (LMICs).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of (quasi-)experimental studies identified from 13 electronic databases (last update: 6 April 2018), reference and citation searches and via expert consultation.SettingLMICsParticipantsWomen and childrenInterventionsImproved biomass cookstovesMain outcome measuresLow birth weight (LBW), preterm birth, perinatal mortality, paediatric acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and COPD among women.ResultsWe identified 53 eligible studies, including 24 that met prespecified design criteria. Improved cookstoves had no demonstrable impact on paediatric lower ARIs (three studies; 11 560 children; incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.02 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.24)), severe pneumonia (two studies; 11 061 children; IRR=0.88 (95% CI 0.39 to 2.01)), LBW (one study; 174 babies; OR=0.74 (95% CI 0.33 to 1.66)) or miscarriages, stillbirths and infant mortality (one study; 1176 babies; risk ratio (RR) change=15% (95% CI –13 to 43)). No (quasi-)experimental studies assessed preterm birth or COPD. In observational studies, improved cookstoves were associated with a significant reduction in COPD among women: two studies, 9757 participants; RR=0.74 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.90). Reductions in cough (four studies, 1779 participants; RR=0.72 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.87)), phlegm (four studies, 1779 participants; RR=0.65 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.80)), wheezing/breathing difficulty (four studies; 1779 participants; RR=0.41 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.59)) and conjunctivitis (three studies, 892 participants; RR=0.58 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.78)) were observed among women.ConclusionImproved cookstoves provide respiratory and ocular symptom reduction and may reduce COPD risk among women, but had no demonstrable child health impact.RegistrationPROSPERO: CRD42016033075

Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Youth With Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra S. Borquist-Conlon ◽  
Brandy R. Maynard ◽  
Kristen Esposito Brendel ◽  
Anne S. J. Farina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Disorder Risk

Purpose: To examine the effects on anxiety of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) among youth with anxiety disorders. Method: Systematic review and meta-analytic procedures were employed to synthesize experimental and quasi-experimental studies authored between 1980 and 2015. Results: The search yielded five studies from five countries reporting results for a total of 188 youth between the ages of 5 and 18 (mean age 13.26) who met criteria for an anxiety disorder. Risk of bias varied across studies. Meta-analytic results suggest a moderate and significant effect ( g = .62; 95% confidence interval = [0.20, 1.04], p = .004). Heterogeneity was moderate ( I2 = 47.22) and not statistically significant ( Q = 7.58, df = 4, p = .11), thus moderator analyses were not warranted. Discussion: The findings of this review suggest that MBIs for the treatment of anxiety in youth with anxiety disorders are effective.

scholarly journals Women’s well-being and functioning after evidence-based antenatal care: a protocol for a systematic review of intervention studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e042667
Author(s):  
Carla Betina Andreucci ◽  
Veronique Filippi ◽  
Jose Guilherme Cecatti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Quasi Experimental

IntroductionThe 2016 WHO antenatal guidelines propose evidence-based recommendations to improve maternal outcomes. We aim to complement these recommendations by describing and estimating the effects of the interventions recommended by WHO on maternal well-being or functioning.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review of experimental and quasi-experimental studies evaluating women’s well-being or functioning following the implementation of evidence-based antenatal interventions, published in peer-reviewed journals through a 15-year interval (2005–2020). The lead reviewer will screen all records identified at MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, LILACS and SciELO. Two other reviewers will control screening strategy quality. Quality and risk of bias will be assessed using a specially designed instrument. Data synthesis will consider the instruments applied, how often they were used, conditions/interventions for positive or negative effects documented, statistical measures used to document effectiveness and how results were presented. A random-effects meta-analysis comparing frequently used instruments may be conducted.Ethics and disseminationThe study will be a systematic review with no human beings’ involvement, therefore not requiring ethical approval. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and scientific events.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019143436.

scholarly journals Social Media and mHealth Technology for Cancer Screening: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlinda Ruco ◽  
Fahima Dossa ◽  
Jill Tinmouth ◽  
Diego Llovet ◽  
Jenna Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Quasi Experimental

BACKGROUND Cancer is a leading cause of death, and although screening can reduce cancer morbidity and mortality, participation in screening remains suboptimal. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of social media and mobile health (mHealth) interventions for cancer screening. METHODS We searched for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies of social media and mHealth interventions promoting cancer screening (breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers) in adults in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Communication & Mass Media Complete from January 1, 2000, to July 17, 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the titles, abstracts, and full-text articles and completed the risk of bias assessments. We pooled odds ratios for screening participation using the Mantel-Haenszel method in a random-effects model. RESULTS We screened 18,008 records identifying 39 studies (35 mHealth and 4 social media). The types of interventions included peer support (n=1), education or awareness (n=6), reminders (n=13), or mixed (n=19). The overall pooled odds ratio was 1.49 (95% CI 1.31-1.70), with similar effect sizes across cancer types. CONCLUSIONS Screening programs should consider mHealth interventions because of their promising role in promoting cancer screening participation. Given the limited number of studies identified, further research is needed for social media interventions. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019139615; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=139615 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035411

scholarly journals Effects of Educational Interventions on Oral Hygiene: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Dadipoor ◽  
Mohtasham Ghaffari ◽  
Mahsa Mortazavi New ◽  
Abbas Alipour ◽  
Ali Safari-Moradabadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of school based oral health interventions programs on students’ oral hygiene, in developing countries through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Our investigation was conducted in electronic databases including MEDLINE Ovid), Embase Ovid, Scopus), Web of Science from 2000 to march 2018.The data were extracted based on a standard data collection form specific to observational studies, and entered into RevMan 2014. Inclusion criteria included individually randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster-RCTs including quasi- experimental studies that were related to oral health interventions. Software RevMan 2014was used for meta-analysis. A meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects models. Results: Twelve studies of students in this review finally entered the study including five individual RCTs, four cluster-RCTs, and three quasi-experimental studies. The intervention study period ranged from 1 month to 9 month. Interventions described in the studies briefly included oral health education with activities such as lectures, albums, slides, pamphlets, posters, and role playing. Meta-analyses showed a significant difference in knowledge (SMD 3.31, 95% CI 2.52 to 4.11; I 2 = 98; P < 0.001), attitude (SMD 1.99, 95% CI 0. 43 to 3.54; I 2 = 99; P < 0.001), behavior (SMD 4.74, 95% CI 3.70 to 5.77; I 2 = 99; P < 0.001), plaque index (SMD -1.01, 95% CI -1.50 to -0. 51; I 2 = 97; P < 0.001) and Gingival index (SMD 0. 33, 95% CI -0. 36 to 1. 02; I 2 = 98; P = 0.34) for students receiving educational interventions compared to those receiving usual care . Discussion: The systematic review concludes that educational interventions are effective for improving oral health knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, etc., which could potentially lead to improved oral health, reduced oral diseases, and reduced costs from treating oral diseases.

scholarly journals A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Slaughter and Processing Interventions To Control Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Beef and Pork

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 2196-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN YOUNG ◽  
BARBARA J. WILHELM ◽  
SARAH CAHILL ◽  
REI NAKAGAWA ◽  
PATRICIA DESMARCHELIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Quasi Experimental

ABSTRACT Pork is one of the major food sources of human salmonellosis worldwide, and beef products have been implicated in numerous foodborne outbreaks. Thus, effective interventions to reduce Salmonella contamination during beef and pork processing are of interest to both regulators and the meat industry. We conducted a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of literature investigating the efficacy of slaughter and processing interventions to control Salmonella in beef and pork. Review steps included a comprehensive search strategy, relevance screening of abstracts, relevance confirmation of articles, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, meta-analysis (where appropriate), and a weight-of-evidence assessment. A total of 191 relevant experimental studies were identified. The results of two controlled trials indicated that hot water and steam treatments were effective for reducing the prevalence of Salmonella on beef carcasses (relative risk [RR] = 0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.58), whereas in four trials, prechill organic acid washes were effective for reducing Salmonella on pork carcasses (RR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.78), with high confidence in the estimates of effect. In four quasi-experimental studies, postexsanguination chemical washes were effective for reducing the prevalence of Salmonella on cattle hides, with low confidence in the specific estimate of effect; however, moderate confidence was found for the effect estimates of scalding (RR =0.20; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.29) and singeing (RR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.52) of pork carcasses. The overall evidence supports enhanced reductions of Salmonella through a multihurdle approach. Various slaughter and processing interventions can contribute to reduction of Salmonella on beef and pork carcasses, depending on the context of application, and an appropriate combination should be selected, validated, and verified by establishment operators under their local conditions.

scholarly journals Reducing repeat paediatric emergency department attendance for non-urgent care: a systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions

2019 ◽  
pp. emermed-2018-207536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Agyeiwaa Poku ◽  
Pippa Hemingway
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveNon-urgent paediatric ED (PED) visits appear to contribute a large portion to the growing use of EDs globally. Several interventions have tried to curb repeated non-urgent attendances, but no systematic review of their effectiveness exists. This review examines the effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce subsequent non-urgent PED visits after a non-urgent attendance.MethodA systematic review design. A systematic search of four databases and key journals was conducted from their inception to November 2018. Experimental studies, involving children aged 0–18 years presenting to an ED for non-urgent care, which assessed the effectiveness of interventions on subsequent non-urgent attendance were considered.Results2120 studies were identified. Six studies, including four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and two quasi-experimental, were included. Studies were of moderate quality methodologically. All studies originated from the USA and involved informational and/or follow-up support interventions. Only two RCTs demonstrated the longest duration of intervention effects on reducing subsequent non-urgent PED attendance. These studies identified participants retrospectively after ED evaluation. The RCT with the largest number of participants involved follow-up support by primary physicians. Meta-analysis was impractical due to wide heterogeneity of the interventions.ConclusionsThere is inconclusive evidence to support any intervention aimed at reducing subsequent non-urgent PED visits following a non-urgent attendance. The long-term impact of interventions is limited, although the effect may be maximised if delivered by primary care providers in children identified after their ED attendance. However, further research is required to evaluate the impact of any such strategies in settings outside the USA.

Oxytocine and early and current trauma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S680-S680
Author(s):  
M. Donadon ◽  
R. Martin Santos ◽  
F. De Lima Osório
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Quasi Experimental

IntroductionOxytocin has been related to traumas and sociability.ObjectiveTo do a systematic review on the relationship between oxytocin and early (ET), current trauma (CT) and PTSD.MethodsThe Pubmed, Psycinfo, Web of Science, Lilacs and Scielo database were researched until to April 2016, using the keywords: oxytocin, early trauma, childhood maltreatment, emotional trauma, emotional stress, neglect, adversity, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse and PTSD, and Boolean operators. We used a priori protocol based on PRISMA to select observational and quasi/experimental studies in both gender subjects, who suffer ET, CT, or PSTD. A full review was done, and meta-analysis was carried out when possible to estimate the strength of the association. Strobe, trend and consort statements were used for qualitative assessment.ResultsTwenty-eight studies where included:15 observational, 3 quasi/experimental and 10 RCT. Quality assessment was 60–70%. Due heterogeneity between studies we analysed them in four groups. Meta/analysis of studies of oxytocin endogenous concentration showed a negative correlation with ET (r = -0.35; 95%CI = -0.46/–0.22). Association studies of genetic polymorphism of oxytocin gene receptor (rs53576) showed that subjects with ET, CT and GG genotype had higher vulnerability to develop later psychopathology (P < 0.05). Quasi/experimental studies measuring pre/post oxytocin concentration after a stress reactivity test in subject with ET, CT or PTSD showed any significant results. Finally, RCT studies showed that acute administration of oxytocin increased the levels of anxiety and flashback in subjects with CT; and decreased in PTSD or ET. These results were in parallel with brain and connectivity activation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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