scholarly journals The Association of Periodontal Treatment and Decreased Pneumonia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Chiu Yang ◽  
Yih-Jane Suen ◽  
Yu-Hsun Wang ◽  
Tai-Chen Lin ◽  
Hui-Chieh Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Comparison Cohort ◽  
Comparison Groups

Pneumonia is a common respiratory infectious disease that involves the inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma. Periodontal disease is widespread and correlated with pneumonia. However, the relationship between periodontal treatment and clinical infectious outcomes in patients with pneumonia has remained undetermined. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between periodontal treatment and the risk of pneumonia events in the Taiwanese population. A nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). A total of 49,400 chronic periodontitis patients who received periodontal treatment from 2001 to 2012 were selected. In addition, 49,400 healthy individuals without periodontal diseases were picked randomly from the general population after propensity score matching according to age, gender, monthly income, urbanization, and comorbidities. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was adopted to assess the hazard ratio (HR) of pneumonia between the periodontal treatment cohort and the comparison cohort. The average ages of the periodontal treatment and comparison groups were 44.25 ± 14.82 years and 44.15 ± 14.5 years, respectively. The follow up durations were 7.66 and 7.41 years for the periodontal treatment and comparison groups, respectively. We found 2504 and 1922 patients with newly diagnosed pneumonia in the comparison cohort and the periodontal treatment cohort, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier plot revealed that the cumulative incidence of pneumonia was significantly lower over the 12 year follow-up period in the periodontal treatment group (using the log-rank test, p < 0.001). In conclusion, this nationwide population-based study indicated that the patients with periodontal treatment exhibited a significantly lower risk of pneumonia than the general population.

scholarly journals Risk of herpes zoster in psoriasis patients receiving systemic therapies: a nationwide population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sze-Wen Ting ◽  
Sze-Ya Ting ◽  
Yu-Sheng Lin ◽  
Ming-Shyan Lin ◽  
George Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Systemic Therapies

AbstractThe incidence of herpes zoster in psoriasis patients is higher than in the general population. However, the association between herpes zoster risk and different systemic therapies, especially biologic agents, remains controversial. This study investigated the association between herpes zoster risk and several systemic antipsoriasis therapies. This prospective open cohort study was conducted using retrospectively collected data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We included 92,374 patients with newly diagnosed psoriasis between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2013. The exposure of interest was the “on-treatment” effect of systemic antipsoriasis therapies documented by each person-quarter. The outcome was the occurrence of newly diagnosed herpes zoster. During a mean follow-up of 6.8 years, 4834 (5.2%) patients were diagnosed with herpes zoster after the index date. Among the systemic antipsoriasis therapies, etanercept (hazard ratio [HR] 4.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–15.17), adalimumab (HR 5.52, 95% CI 1.72–17.71), and methotrexate plus azathioprine (HR 4.17, 95% CI 1.78–9.82) were significantly associated with an increased risk of herpes zoster. By contrast, phototherapy (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60–0.96) and acitretin (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.24–0.64) were associated with a reduced risk of herpes zoster. Overall, this study identified an association of both etanercept and adalimumab with an increased risk of herpes zoster among psoriasis patients. Acitretin and phototherapy were associated with a reduced risk.

scholarly journals Differential cerebrovascular risks in glioblastoma and meningioma patients: a population-based matched cohort study in Wales (United Kingdom)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv12-iv12
Author(s):  
Michael T C Poon ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
Paul M Brennan ◽  
Jonine Figueroa ◽  
Cathie Sudlow
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of

Abstract Aims There is limited evidence on cerebrovascular risks in glioblastoma and meningioma patients. We aimed to compare cerebrovascular risks of these patients with the general population. Method We used population-based routine healthcare and administrative data linkage in this matched cohort study. Cases were adult glioblastoma and meningioma patients diagnosed in Wales 2000-2014 identified in the cancer registry. Controls from cancer-free general population were matched to cases (5:1 ratio) on age (±5 years), sex and GP practice. Factors included in multivariable models were age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, history of cardiovascular disease, and medications for cardiovascular diseases. Outcomes were fatal and non-fatal haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke. We used flexible parametric models adjusting for confounders to calculate the hazard ratios (HR). Results Final analytic population was 16,921 participants, of which 1,340 had glioblastoma and 1,498 had meningioma. The median follow-up time was 0.5 year for glioblastoma patients, 4.9 years for meningioma patients, and 6.6 years for controls. The number of haemorrhage and ischaemic stroke was 154 and 374 in the glioblastoma matched cohort, respectively, and 180 and 569 in the meningioma matched cohort, respectively. The adjusted HRs for haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke were 3.74 (95%CI 1.87-6.57) and 5.62 (95%CI 2.56-10.42) in glioblastoma patients, respectively, and were 2.42 (95%CI 1.58-3.52) and 1.86 (95%CI 1.54-2.23) in meningioma patients compared with their controls. Conclusion Glioblastoma and meningioma patients had higher cerebrovascular risks; these risks were even higher for glioblastoma patients. Further assessment of these potentially modifiable risks may improve survivorship.

scholarly journals The Association Between Pleural Empyema and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Younger Patients: A Retrospective National Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Yuan Wang ◽  
Hsin-Hung Chen ◽  
Chun-Hung Su ◽  
Sheng-Pang Hsu ◽  
Chun-Wei Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Pleural Empyema ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: To investigate the relationship between pleural empyema (PE) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Health Institute Research Database. Univariable and multivariable Cox's proportional hazard regressions were performed to investigate the association between PE and the risk of PAD. Kaplan–Meier method and the differences were assessed using a log-rank test.Results: The overall incidence of PAD was higher in the PE cohort than in the non-PE cohort (2.76 vs. 1.72 per 1,000 person-years) with a crude hazard ratio (HR) of 1.61 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.41–1.83]. After adjustment for age, gender, and comorbidities, patients with PE were noted to be associated with an increased risk of PAD compared with those without PE [adjusted HR (aHR) = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03–1.35]. Regarding the age-specific comparison between the PE and non-PE cohorts, PAD was noted to be significantly high in the ≤ 49 years age group (aHR = 5.34, 95% CI = 2.34–10.1). The incidence of PAD was higher in the first 2 years, with an aHR of 1.35 (95% CI = 1.09–1.68) for patients with PE compared with those without PE.Conclusion: The risk of PAD was higher if patients with PE were younger than 49 years and within the 2-year diagnosis of PE.

scholarly journals Risk of lung cancer in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease: a population-based cohort study

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Kuei Hsu ◽  
Chih-Cheng Lai ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Likwang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Esophageal Reflux

This large-scale, controlled cohort study estimated the risks of lung cancer in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Taiwan. We conducted this population-based study using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan during the period from 1997 to 2010. Patients with GERD were diagnosed using endoscopy, and controls were matched to patients with GERD at a ratio of 1:4. We identified 15,412 patients with GERD and 60,957 controls. Compared with the controls, the patients with GERD had higher rates of osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, depression, anxiety, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic liver disease, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease (all P < .05). A total of 85 patients had lung cancer among patients with GERD during the follow-up of 42,555 person-years, and the rate of lung cancer was 0.0020 per person-year. By contrast, 232 patients had lung cancer among patients without GERD during the follow-up of 175,319 person-years, and the rate of lung cancer was 0.0013 per person-year. By using stepwise Cox regression model, the overall incidence of lung cancer remained significantly higher in the patients with GERD than in the controls (hazard ratio, 1.53; 95% CI [1.19–1.98]). The cumulative incidence of lung cancer was higher in the patients with GERD than in the controls (P = .0012). In conclusion, our large population-based cohort study provides evidence that GERD may increase the risk of lung cancer in Asians.

scholarly journals Improved survival in rheumatoid arthritis: a general population-based cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
Na Lu ◽  
Christine Peloquin ◽  
Maureen Dubreuil ◽  
Tuhina Neogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Population Based ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comparison Cohort

ObjectiveMortality trends of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are largely unknown over the past decade when new drugs and management strategies have been adopted to effectively treat RA.MethodsUsing The Health Improvement Network, an electronic medical record database representative of the UK general population, we identified patients with incident RA and up to five individuals without RA matched for age, sex and year of diagnosis between 1999 and 2014. The RA cohort was divided in two sub-cohorts based on the year of RA diagnosis: the early cohort (1999–2006) and the late cohort (2007–2014). We compared mortality rates, HRs (using a Cox proportional hazard model) and rate differences (using an additive hazard model) between RA and non-RA cohorts adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsPatients with RA diagnosed between 1999 and 2006 had a considerably higher mortality rate than their comparison cohort (ie, 29.1 vs 18.0 deaths/1000 person-years), as compared with a moderate difference in patients with RA diagnosed between 2007 and 2014 and their comparison cohort (17.0 vs 12.9 deaths/1000 years). The corresponding absolute mortality rate differences were 9.5 deaths/1000 person-years (95% CIs 7.5 to 11.6) and 3.1 deaths/1000 person-years (95% CI 1.5 to 4.6) and the mortality HRs were 1.56 (95% CI 1.44 to 1.69) and 1.29 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.42), respectively (both p values for interaction <0.01).ConclusionThis general population-based cohort study indicates that the survival of patients with RA has improved over the past decade to a greater degree than in the general population. Improved management of RA and its associated comorbidities over recent years may be providing a survival benefit.

scholarly journals Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and breast cancer risk: a nationwide cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Søgaard ◽  
Dóra Körmendiné Farkas ◽  
Vera Ehrenstein ◽  
Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen ◽  
Olaf M Dekkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveThe association between thyroid disease and breast cancer risk remains unclear. We, therefore examined the association between hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and breast cancer risk.DesignThis was a population-based cohort study.MethodsUsing nationwide registries, we identified all women in Denmark with a first-time hospital diagnosis of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, 1978–2013. We estimated the excess risk of breast cancer among patients with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism compared with the expected risk in the general population, using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) as a measure of risk ratio. Breast cancer diagnoses in the first 12 months following diagnosis of thyroid disease were excluded from the calculations to avoid diagnostic work-up bias.ResultsWe included 61 873 women diagnosed with hypothyroidism and 80 343 women diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Median follow-up time was 4.9 years (interquartile range (IQR): 1.8–9.5 years) for hypothyroidism and 7.4 years (IQR: 3.1–13.5 years) for hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was associated with a slightly increased breast cancer risk compared with the general population (SIR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07–1.16), which persisted beyond 5 years of follow-up (SIR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08–1.19). In comparison, hypothyroidism was associated with a slightly lower risk of breast cancer (SIR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88–1.00). Stratification by cancer stage at diagnosis, estrogen receptor status, age, comorbidity, history of alcohol-related disease and clinical diagnoses of obesity produced little change in cancer risk.ConclusionsWe found an increased risk of breast cancer in women with hyperthyroidism and a slightly decreased risk in women with hypothyroidism indicating an association between thyroid function level and breast cancer risk.

scholarly journals OP14 Risk of colorectal cancer diagnosis and colorectal cancer mortality in Crohn’s disease: A Scandinavian population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S013-S014
Author(s):  
O Olen ◽  
R Erichsen ◽  
M C Sachs ◽  
L Pedersen ◽  
J Halfvarson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tumour Stage ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Earlier studies reflect older treatment and surveillance strategies, and most have studied incident CRC without addressing potential lead-time and surveillance biases. Such bias can be reduced by examining tumour stage-adjusted CRC incidence and CRC mortality. We aimed to assess risks of CRC mortality and incident CRC among patients with CD compared with the general population. Methods Nationwide register-based cohort study during 1969–2017 of 47,035 patients with CD in Denmark (n = 13,056) and Sweden (n = 33,979), compared with 463,187 general population reference individuals, matched for sex, age, calendar year, and place of residence. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident CRC and CRC mortality. In a multistate model, assessing competing events during follow-up (CRC diagnosis, CRC death, other death), we also took a tumour stage into account. Results During 1969–2017, 499 patients with CD developed CRC, corresponding to an adjusted HR of 1.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27–1.53]. We observed 296 (0.47/1000 person-years) deaths from CRC in patients with CD compared with 1968 (0.31/1000) in reference individuals [HR 1.74 (95% CI 1.54–1.96)]. CD patients diagnosed with CRC were at increased risk of CRC mortality compared with reference individuals also diagnosed with CRC [HR = 1.30 (95% CI 1.06–1.59)] and tumour stage at CRC diagnosis did not differ between groups (p = 0.27). CD patients who had 8 or more years of follow-up or who were diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and hence were potentially eligible for CRC surveillance had an increased overall risk of CRC death [HR 1.41 (95% CI 1.18–1.69)] or CRC diagnosis [HR = 1.12 (95% CI = 0.98–1.28)]. However, in patients potentially eligible for CRC surveillance, we only found significantly increased risks in patients with CD onset &lt;40 years, disease activity in the colon only, or with PSC (Figure 1). Conclusion CD patients are at increased risk of a CRC diagnosis and CRC death. Despite repeated colonoscopies during follow-up, CD patients are not diagnosed earlier (less severe tumour stage) with CRC than reference individuals. Nevertheless, CD patients with CRC have higher mortality than non-CD patients also diagnosed with CRC. CRC surveillance could likely be improved and should be focussed on CD patients &lt;40 years at CD onset, patients with colon inflammation, and patients who have PSC.

scholarly journals To Investigate the Risk of Herpes Zoster in Women With Endometriosis: A Taiwan National Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Yu Hsu ◽  
Der-Shin Ke ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Chia-Hung Kao
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Taiwanese Women ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance

Background: The objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of herpes zoster (HZ) in patients with endometriosis.Methods: This retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Between 2000 and 2012, women aged ≥20 years with newly diagnosed endometriosis were enrolled into the endometriosis group. Each patient with endometriosis was randomly matched to 4 controls according to age and index year. All the patients were traced from the index date to HZ diagnosis, loss to follow-up, death, or the end of December 2013.Results: In total, 19,147 patients with newly diagnosed endometriosis and 76,588 participants without endometriosis were enrolled. The incidence of HZ was higher in endometriosis persons (5.36 per 1,000 person-years) than in matched controls (4.43 per 1,000 person-years) (p &lt; 0.001). After adjustment for age and comorbidities, patients with endometriosis age ≤ 49 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.17) (p &lt; 0.001) and 50–64 years (aHR = 1.27) (p &lt; 0.05) showed significantly higher risk of HZ than the corresponding controls. Among women without any comorbidities, patients with endometriosis were 1.22 times (p &lt; 0.001) more likely to have HZ than those without endometriosis.Conclusion: Taiwanese women with endometriosis may have a higher rate of HZ occurrence. Endometriosis seems to be a high burden for affected women. Therefore, we suggest that clinicians should be aware of HZ among women with endometriosis, although there may be ethnic differences.

scholarly journals Acid suppressants use and the risk of dementia: A population-based propensity score-matched cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242975
Author(s):  
Chia-Liang Wu ◽  
Wei-Yi Lei ◽  
Jaw-Shing Wang ◽  
Ching-En Lin ◽  
Chien-Lin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
H2 Antagonist

In this population-based propensity score matched (PSM) cohort study, we aimed to investigate the risk of developing dementia with the use of acid suppressants, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2 antagonists). Cohorts of PPI users (n = 2,778), H2 antagonist users (n = 6,165), and non-users (n = 86,238) were selected from a dataset covering the years 2000 to 2010 in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients in the three groups were PSM at a ratio of 1:1 within each comparison cohort (CC). Three CCs were created: (1) PPI users compared to non-users (CC1, n = 2,583 pairs); (2) H2 antagonist users compared to non-users (CC2, n = 5,955 pairs); and (3) PPI users compared to H2 antagonist users (CC3, n = 2,765 pairs). A multivariable robust Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of developing dementia. The multivariable analysis results show that the aHR of developing dementia during the follow-up period was 0.72 (CC1: 95% CI = 0.51–1.03, P = 0.07) for PPI users and 0.95 (CC2: 95% CI = 0.74–1.22, P = 0.69) for H2 antagonist users, when compared to non-users. Between the patients using acid suppressants, there was no difference between PPI and H2 antagonist users in the risk of developing dementia (CC3: aHR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.58–1.17, P = 0.28). In conclusion, no association was observed between the use of acid suppressants and the risk of developing dementia in any of the three CCs. Further, randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm this relationship.

Long-Term Mortality of Patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 619-619
Author(s):  
Henrik Frederiksen ◽  
Merete Lund Maegbaek ◽  
Henrik Toft Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
General Population ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ongoing Treatment ◽  
Remission Status ◽  
Population Cohort ◽  
Comparison Cohort ◽  
General Population Cohort

Abstract Abstract 619 Introduction Morbidity and mortality are higher among patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) than in the general population. In 1999 we reported on a population-based cohort of patients with incident primary ITP, with long and complete follow-up1. Here we report on mortality within this cohort according to remission status. We also compare mortality in this cohort with that in the general population. Methods ITP cohort A population-based cohort of all incident ITP patients was identified, consisting of patients aged > 14 years, diagnosed in any Danish hospital or outpatient clinic during the 23-year period from 1973 through 19951. The date of last follow-up was the last date on which the patient was both present at the hospital and had his/her platelet count measured. The index date was defined as the last follow-up date. General population comparison cohort For each ITP patient, we randomly identified 10 comparison cohort members matched on age, sex, and calendar year. Members of the comparison cohort were assigned the index date according to the ITP patient of which they were matched. Remission Remission criteria for ITP patients at last follow-up were defined before data were collected. Criteria for Complete Remission (CR) were ITP treatment discontinued and platelet count > 149 × 109/l. Criteria for Partial Remission (PR) were ITP treatment discontinued, increased platelet count since diagnosis, and one of the following: 1) platelet count of 100–149 × 109/l; 2) platelet count increased by at least 50% to 50–99 × 109/l; 3) platelet count increased by at least 100% to 20–49 × 109/l; or 4) platelet count increased to at least 20 × 109/l, if initial platelet count was < 10 × 109/l. All other patients, including those who were still on ITP medical treatment at last follow-up, were in the No Remission (NR) group. For the survival analyses, patients in the NR category were stratified into the following three subgroups on the basis of treatment and platelet count at last follow-up: A. No remission due to ongoing treatment, with a platelet count > 149 × 109/l; B. No remission due to ongoing treatment, with a platelet count < 150 × 109/l; or C. No remission and no current treatment. Statistical analysis We assessed survival in the ITP cohort and compared it to the general population cohort. Participants in the two cohorts were followed from the index date until emigration, death, or 1 January 2012, whichever event came first. We used the Kaplan-Meier Method to compare survival between the ITP and the general population cohorts. We used Cox regression to compare rates of mortality among ITP patients and members of the general population cohort. We estimated mortality rate ratios (MRRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The MRRs were adjusted for age, sex, calendar year, comorbidity, and remission status at last follow-up. Results Since diagnosis, 116 (52%) of the ITP patients died. The mortality in the ITP cohort was consistently higher than the in the general population cohort (Figure 1), with an adjusted MRR of 1.4 (95% CI: 1.2–1.8). When remission status was taken into account, ITP patients who were in the NR category due to ongoing treatment and decreased platelet counts at last follow-up had the highest mortality (Figure 2). This subgroup had adjusted MRRs of 6.3 (95% CI: 3.7–10.7) after 5 years, 9.1 (95% CI: 5.1–16.4) after 10 years, and 9.9 (95% CI: 5.4–18.1) after 20 years, compared to the general population cohort. In contrast, patients who were in the CR category at last follow-up had 5-year,10-year, and 20-year MRRs comparable to those of the general population cohort. Conclusion Both short-term and long-term mortality among adult ITP patients are elevated compared to the general population. Mortality rates are highest among patients who are on ITP treatment and remain thrombocytopenic. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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