scholarly journals Selected Aspects of Navigation System Synthesis for Increased Flight Safety, Protection of Human Lives, and Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Džunda ◽  
Peter Dzurovčin ◽  
Ivan Koblen ◽  
Stanislav Szabo ◽  
Edina Jenčová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Safety Protection ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
The Impact

Accurate navigation systems allow us to optimize the trajectory of flying objects and thus solve environmental problems in aviation and their impact on public health. In this paper, we present one of the methods of assessment of accuracy and resistance to interference of distance-measuring equipment (DME). By using computer technology, the method enables us to determine the potential but also the real error measuring the distance of the flying object from DME. The credibility of the respective results of the solution on the task of DME optimal rangefinder synthesis depends on the accuracy of the previous data used, i.e., mathematical models of the respective flying objects flight dynamics, useful signals, and their parameters and interference. DME systems have an impact on air transport safety, and therefore the impact of interference on their operation must be investigated.

Evaluation of an Accessible, Real-Time, and Infrastructure-Free Indoor Navigation System by Users Who Are Blind in the Mall of America

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Giudice ◽  
William E. Whalen ◽  
Timothy H. Riehle ◽  
Shane M. Anderson ◽  
Stacy A. Doore
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Indoor Navigation System ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: This article describes an evaluation of MagNav, a speech-based, infrastructure-free indoor navigation system. The research was conducted in the Mall of America, the largest shopping mall in the United States, to empirically investigate the impact of memory load on route-guidance performance. Method: Twelve participants who are blind and 12 age-matched sighted controls participated in the study. Comparisons are made for route-guidance performance between use of updated, real-time route instructions (system-aided condition) and a system-unaided (memory-based condition) where the same instructions were only provided in advance of route travel. The sighted controls (who navigated under typical visual perception but used the system for route guidance) represent a best case comparison benchmark with the blind participants who used the system. Results: Results across all three test measures provide compelling behavioral evidence that blind navigators receiving real-time verbal information from the MagNav system performed route travel faster (navigation time), more accurately (fewer errors in reaching the destination), and more confidently (fewer requests for bystander assistance) compared to conditions where the same route information was only available to them in advance of travel. In addition, no statistically reliable differences were observed for any measure in the system-aided conditions between the blind and sighted participants. Posttest survey results corroborate the empirical findings, further supporting the efficacy of the MagNav system. Discussion: This research provides compelling quantitative and qualitative evidence showing the utility of an infrastructure-free, low-memory demand navigation system for supporting route guidance through complex indoor environments and supports the theory that functionally equivalent navigation performance is possible when access to real-time environmental information is available, irrespective of visual status. Implications for designers and practitioners: Findings provide insight for the importance of developers of accessible navigation systems to employ interfaces that minimize memory demands.

scholarly journals Optimal Targeting Display for Navigated Pelvic Screw Insertions

10.29007/srn7 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Pandey ◽  
Pierre Guy ◽  
Kelly Lefaivre ◽  
Antony J. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Surgical Navigation ◽  
Iliosacral Screw ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Measurable Effect ◽  
Navigated Surgery ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Impact

Surgical navigation can be used for complex orthopaedic procedures, such as iliosacral screw fix- ations, to achieve accurate and efficient results [11]. Although there have been studies studying the impact of navigation systems on surgical outcomes [6, 3], we are not aware of any studies that have quantified the effect of how information regarding the surgical navigation scene is displayed to surgeons on conventional monitors. However, the display of information can have a measurable effect on both accuracy and time required to perform the navigated surgery, as the surgical scene can be presented in many different formats [9]. Optimizing surgical accuracy potentially helps improves patient safety by reducing screw malplacement [11], while optimiz- ing time efficiency reduces opportunity cost [1]. Therefore, we designed a study to determine the optimal visualizations for performing navigated pelvic screw insertions. The findings of this study can be used to more systematically design visualization components of a navigation system.

scholarly journals Synergetic Concept of Algorithms Autonomous Inertial Navigation Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
Sergey Yakushin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Feedback Effect ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Inertial Navigation Systems ◽  
System Errors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Feedback Effect

Abstract Errors of INS output parameters lead to a positive feedback effect of errors and eventually to an even more dramatic increase in system errors. To reduce the impact of this problem on the error output parameters of INS, in this paper, we propose and study a new concept of constructing algorithms for autonomous INS, which is called as synergetic concept. In the paper the synergetic concept of inertial system’s algorithm is presented and investigated by implementing its into strapdown inertial navigation system (SDINS).

scholarly journals To Drive or to Be Driven? The Impact of Autopilot, Navigation System, and Printed Maps on Driver’s Cognitive Workload and Spatial Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Iuliia Brishtel ◽  
Thomas Schmidt ◽  
Igor Vozniak ◽  
Jason Raphael Rambach ◽  
Bruno Mirbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Workload ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Spatial Decision Making ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
The Impact

The technical advances in navigation systems should enhance the driving experience, supporting drivers’ spatial decision making and learning in less familiar or unfamiliar environments. Furthermore, autonomous driving systems are expected to take over navigation and driving in the near future. Yet, previous studies pointed at a still unresolved gap between environmental exploration using topographical maps and technical navigation means. Less is known about the impact of the autonomous system on the driver’s spatial learning. The present study investigates the development of spatial knowledge and cognitive workload by comparing printed maps, navigation systems, and autopilot in an unfamiliar virtual environment. Learning of a new route with printed maps was associated with a higher cognitive demand compared to the navigation system and autopilot. In contrast, driving a route by memory resulted in an increased level of cognitive workload if the route had been previously learned with the navigation system or autopilot. Way-finding performance was found to be less prone to errors when learning a route from a printed map. The exploration of the environment with the autopilot was not found to provide any compelling advantages for landmark knowledge. Our findings suggest long-term disadvantages of self-driving vehicles for spatial memory representations.

Functional Dependency Network Analysis of Security of Navigation Satellite System

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1192-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Wang Xun Zhang ◽  
Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Functional Dependency ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Dependency Network ◽  
Satellite Navigation Systems ◽  
The Impact

Satellite navigation systems are running in complex electromagnetic and space environment. There is few research studies the threat and protect ability of navigation system. Lacking of qualitative data makes it difficult to analyse the security of it. In this paper, we applied Functional Dependency Network Analysis (FDNA) to solve this problem. FDNA studies how the impact caused directly by attack spreads in the overall system through the dependencies between function nodes of system. Then we are able to assess the operability of the application of navigation system. This method avoid considerable statistic experiments. Make full use of principle data. Provide constructive decision making comments.

Command and Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Stuart D. H. Beveridge ◽  
Simon T. Henderson ◽  
Wayne L. Martin ◽  
Joleah B. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Air Transport ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Role Assignment ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Policy Review ◽  
Reported Effect ◽  
And Control ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract. Compared with other team settings, flight crew in air transport present a unique situation where the leader or supervisor regularly engages in active control. When the captain is assigned cognitively demanding pilot flying duties, the subordinate and often less experienced first officer must perform equally crucial monitoring and support duties. Using a systematic review methodology, this study reviews the reported effect of crew role assignment on flight safety outcomes. Our review identified 18 relevant studies and suggests crew performance factors linked to flight safety are affected by crew role assignment. Findings suggest a greater number of inherent obstacles may exist for optimal crew performance with the captain as pilot flying, raising the need for further specific research and policy review in this area.

DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI TPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilda Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The Impact

The limitations of waste management in the Cipayung Landfill (TPA) causing a buildup of garbage up to more than 30 meters. This condition has a health impact on people in Cipayung Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste management at Cipayung Landfill on public health in Cipayung Village, Depok City. The research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained by purposive sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation and documentation. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, it was found that the most common diseases were diarrhea, then other types of stomach ailments, subsequent itching on the skin and coughing. This is presumably because the environmental conditions in the form of unhealthy air and water and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) have not become the habit of the people. The results indicated that there were no respondents who had implemented all of these criteria. In general respondents have implemented  3 criteria, namely maintaining hair hygiene, maintaining skin cleanliness, and maintaining hand hygiene. While maintaining clean water storage is the most often overlooked behavior. To minimize this health impact, improvements in waste management in Cipayung landfill are needed along with continuous socialization and education to develop PHBS habits and the importance of maintaining a clean environment.

Exploring the World Trade Organisation's Trade and Environment/Public Health Jurisprudence as a Model for Incorporating a Trade–Labour Linkage into the Organisation's Multilateral Trade Regime: Should African Countries Accept a Policy Shift?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Tapiwa V. Warikandwa ◽  
Patrick C. Osode
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Regime ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
The Impact

The incorporation of a trade-labour (standards) linkage into the multilateral trade regime of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been persistently opposed by developing countries, including those in Africa, on the grounds that it has the potential to weaken their competitive advantage. For that reason, low levels of compliance with core labour standards have been viewed as acceptable by African countries. However, with the impact of WTO agreements growing increasingly broader and deeper for the weaker and vulnerable economies of developing countries, the jurisprudence developed by the WTO Panels and Appellate Body regarding a trade-environment/public health linkage has the potential to address the concerns of developing countries regarding the potential negative effects of a trade-labour linkage. This article argues that the pertinent WTO Panel and Appellate Body decisions could advance the prospects of establishing a linkage of global trade participation to labour standards without any harm befalling developing countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document