scholarly journals Response of Vegetation and Soil Characteristics to Grazing Disturbance in Mountain Meadows and Temperate Typical Steppe in the Arid Regions of Central Asian, Xinjiang

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4572
Author(s):  
Xu Bi ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Xiangchao Xu ◽  
Lixin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Mountain Meadow ◽  
Typical Steppe ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
The Arid Regions ◽  
Intensity Grazing

Grazing is one of the most common causes of grassland degradation, therefore, an assessment of soil physicochemical properties and plant nutrients under grazing is important for understanding its influences on ecosystem nutrient cycling and for formulating appropriate management strategies. However, the effects of grazing on grassland soil physicochemical properties and plant nutrients in mountain meadow and temperate typical steppe in the arid regions are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the vegetation nutrient concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N, P, and K) as well as soil physicochemical properties in the topmost 40 cm depth soil, to evaluate how these factors respond to grazing disturbance in a mountain meadow and temperate typical steppe within a mountain basin system in arid regions. Our results revealed that the soil bulk density values at depth of 0–40 cm increased after grazing in the mountain meadow and temperate typical steppe, whereas the soil water content decreased in the mountain meadow and increased in the temperate typical steppe after grazing. In the mountain meadow, soil total N and available P in addition to vegetation N and P concentrations increased in response to high-intensity grazing, while soil available N, available K and vegetation K decreased after grazing; in addition, soil pH, soil total P and K showed no significant changes. In the temperate typical steppe, the soil total P, soil available N, P, and K, and vegetation N, P, and K increased under relatively low-intensity grazing, whereas soil pH and soil total K showed no significant changes except for the deceasing soil total N. Our findings showed the different responses of different grassland ecosystems to grazing. Moreover, we propose that further related studies are necessary to better understand the effects of grazing on grassland ecosystems, and thereby provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable use of animal husbandry and ecological restoration of grasslands.

Effects of Ecological Projects on Grassland Soil Physicochemical Properties in Three-River Headwater

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 843-847
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Zhao ◽  
De Gang Zhang ◽  
Li Na Shi ◽  
Yong Shun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Artificial Grassland

The depth variations of soil physicochemical properties in the degraded native grasslands and the artificially restored grasslands were studied in the Three-river headwater areas of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China. The results showed: (1) With the increase of the gradient of restoration years, soil water content, total chemical properties, total potassium, phosphorus, available phosphorus and potassium were increased thereafter in the artificial grasslands. (2) With the increase of grassland degradation gradient, soil water content was gradually reduced, and the total N, K, the organic matter didnt gradually reduced also. (3) Both restoration years and degradation degree didnt influence the nutrient distribution in soil. (4) The organic matter, total N and K of degraded grassland were increased by artificial grassland construction. Therefore, artificial grassland construction canbe used as an effective measure of ecological projects in the Three-river headwater area.

scholarly journals The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Minarsih ◽  
Eko - Hanudin ◽  
Makruf Nurudin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Perennial Plant

Abstract. Minarsih S, Hanudin E, Nurudin M. 2021. The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3237-3244. The study was to propose earthworm as bioindicator and its correlation to the soil physicochemical properties underneath some perennial plants. Soil samples and earthworm observation was taken out at a depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm under the stands of Acacia decurrens, coffee, Albizia chinensis, bamboo, snake fruit, and Acacia mangium. Soil moisture, temperature and Physico-chemical properties were measured, such as texture, pH, organic C, mineralized C, total N, mineralized N, available P, and base cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na). The results revealed that the earthworms density underneath of the stands of coffee was 105.4 ind.m-2 > snake fruit 92.6 ind.m-2 > Albizia chinensis  66.7 ind.m-2 > A. decurrens ? bamboo 40.7 ind.m-2 > A. mangium 37.0 ind.m-2. The dominant species of the earthworms found at a depth of 0-10 cm consisted of four species, namely: Pheretima hamayana, Pheretima californica, Eudrillus eugeniae, and Eiseniella tetraeda. Meanwhile, the earthworms diversity underneath the stands of coffee was H’=1.26 > A. mangium H’=1.03 > Albizia chinensis  H'=0.69 > ?H'=0.69 > bamboo H'=0.59. The soil physicochemical properties was positively correlated to the earthworms density was C-mineralized (r = 0.823) ? soil moisture (r = 0.585) ? available K (r = 0.529) ? available Ca (r = 0.505) ? available Mg (0.494). The results could be concluded that labile organic carbon, water, and alkaline cations were the important factors in improving soil biological fertility in the active volcano area.

scholarly journals Soil physicochemical properties under eucalyptus tree species planted in alley maize cropping agroforestry practice in Decha Woreda, Kaffa zone, southwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
A Alemayhu ◽  
G Yakob
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Open Land

Different studies have shown that the effect of eucalyptus trees on soil physicochemical properties is variable, which indicates that more investigations that focus on different specific geographical locations and eucalyptus tree species are required. The objectives of this study was to evaluate the status of soil nutrients under four eucalyptus tree species planted in hedgerow system in comparison with that in its adjacent open land. To achieve these objectives, soil samples were taken from a soil depth of 0-20 cm from 15-20 spots by using auger and composited for respective treatments. Each soil samples analyzed at Teppi soil laboratory following standard procedures. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and treatments separation were made by using Least Significance Difference (LSD) at 95% probability level. The analysis result indicated that there were no significance differences between Eucalyptus tree species and its adjacent open land in the level of soil nutrients (total N, available P, pH, OM, soil moisture and OC) (p<0.05). The only significant difference recorded between Eucalyptus tree species and its adjacent open land in the level of sand percentage whereas non-significant difference was noticed between the treatments on the level of silt and clay percentage in the study. Finally, the results indicate that the eucalyptus tree species established in hedgerow system on clay soil in high rainfall area have no significant impact on soil physicochemical properties under short rotation period of the tree species. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(2): 7-14, December 2020

scholarly journals Survey analysis of soil physicochemical factors that influence the distribution of Cordyceps in the Xiahe Region of Gansu Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuling He ◽  
Lingfa Ma ◽  
Kentian Zhao ◽  
Jingjun Yang ◽  
Yuwei Chang
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Physicochemical Factors

Abstract:In this paper, we studied the influence of soil physicochemical factors on the distribution of Cordyceps. We found that in the soil layers at different depths, the differences in pH values, total N (TN), total P (TP), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were not significant, but the differences in soil water content (WC), soil organic matter (OM), hydrolysable nitrogen (HN) and AK were significant. In the 5-10 cm layer, WC, pH and TP were significant factors that influence the distribution of Cordyceps - the number of Cordyceps was the largest and the characterization of the Cordyceps was also the best. TP was an important factor for the first principle component of the soil physicochemical properties that influenced the population distribution of Cordyceps. pH value was an important factor for the the second principal component of the soil physicochemical properties that influenced population distribution, and WC was an important factor for the third principal component, the soil physicochemical properties. This demonstrates that the requirement of Cordyceps for specific ranges of WC, soil acidity-alkalinity and AP in soil layers is very high.

scholarly journals Impact of Rapid and Intensive Land Use/Land Cover Change on Soil Properties in Arid Regions: A Case Study of Lanzhou New Area, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9226
Author(s):  
Runxia Zhang ◽  
Xueyong Zhao ◽  
Chencheng Zhang ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Bare Land

Land use/land cover (LULC) change widely occurs during urbanization and can affect the functionality of soil ecosystems by altering soil physicochemical properties. However, few studies have evaluated the impacts of LULC change on soils in arid regions. This study investigates LULC change patterns during 2010–2017 in Lanzhou New Area, China based on remotely sensed data (Chinese GaoFen-1 and Advanced Land Observing Satellite). We identified five main land use change types and reference native grassland and farmland to determine soil properties at different depths. Principal component analysis and scatter matrix were employed to evaluate the effect of LULC change on soil properties. The results showed that LULC changes that occurred in Lanzhou New Area were characterized by the rapid growth of construction and bare land (increased by 13.06% and 5.97%, respectively) at the expense of farmland (decreased by 25.38%). The conversion of native grassland to artificial grassland and bare land, and farmland to bare land had similar effects on soil properties; i.e., a significant decline and a lower level in total nitrogen and soil organic carbon. The farmland to construction land transition deteriorated soil nutrients and increased soil compaction by both increasing bulk density (BD, mean = 1.63 g cm−3) and enhancing sand content by 69.21%. All land use change types increased BD and decreased soil water content and saturated soil water content when compared to the reference areas. These results indicate that changes in LULC have significant impacts on soil physicochemical properties. Thus, it is essential to optimize land planning and improve soil quality in arid ecosystems to ensure sustainable resource management and ecosystem conservation.

Soil Physicochemical Properties of Cultivated Land in Different Farming Years in Korqin Sand Land

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4642-4648
Author(s):  
Yong Fang Wang ◽  
Hui Juan Bao ◽  
Chun Xing Hai ◽  
Yin Shan Bao
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Available P ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Total N ◽  
Sand Land ◽  
Windward Slope

Naiman County is the typical area in Korqin sand land. Chose cultivated land in Naiman County, this article carried on comparative analysis for soil physicochemical properties of cultivated land in different farming years. This included change characteristics of soil physicochemical properties with different farming years in different slope positions (windward slope, sloping top and leeward slope) of cultivated land and quantitative analysis between farming years and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that: (1) there were different changes in soil texture in different slope positions of cultivated land in different farming years: at first 15 years, in the windward slope, the soil texture emerged good trend year by year, but after 30 years of farming, the soil texture get significantly worse. In the sloping top and leeward slope, the soil texture was changed for the better trend along with the increase of farming years. (2)There were different changes in soil nutrients in different slope positions of cultivated land during different farming years: in the windward slope, farmed from 3 years to 15 years, upward trend showed among the most nutrients and until 30 years, it obviously reduced and drop back to level of the 3 years; There was a rising trend in the leeward part of the nutrients; sloping top was between the middle and more indicators decline in nutrient content than that of increasing. (3) There was relationship between the farming years and soil physicochemical properties: the effects on soil texture was higher than the soil nutrients and correlation between different slope positions was different: in the windward slope, farming years correlated positively with sand and available P and a negative correlation was found between farming years and other indicators. In the sloping top, farming years correlated negatively with sand, total N, total K, alkaline N and available P, correlated positively with other indicators. In the leeward slope, farming years correlated negatively only with sand and total K, correlated positively with all of other indicators.

scholarly journals Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmas Wacal ◽  
Naoki Ogata ◽  
Daniel Basalirwa ◽  
Takuo Handa ◽  
Daisuke Sasagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar ◽  
Upland Field

Sesame is an important oilseed crop cultivated worldwide. However, research has focused on biochar effects on grain crops and vegetable and there is still a scarcity of information of biochar addition on sesame. This study was to assess the effect of biochar addition on sesame performance, with a specific emphasis on growth, yield, leaf nutrient concentration, seed mineral nutrients, and soil physicochemical properties. A field experiment was conducted on an upland field converted from paddy at Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Rice husk biochar was added to sesame cropping at rates of 0 (F), 20 (F+20B), 50 (F+50B) and 100 (F+100B) t ha−1 and combined with NPK fertilization in a first cropping and a second cropping field in 2017. Biochar addition increased plant height, yield and the total number of seeds per plant more in the first cropping than in the second cropping. The F+50B significantly increased seed yield by 35.0% in the first cropping whereas the F+20B non-significantly increased seed yield by 25.1% in the second cropping. At increasing biochar rates, plant K significantly increased while decreasing Mg whereas N and crude protein, P and Ca were non-significantly higher compared to the control. Soil porosity and bulk density improved with biochar addition while pH, exchangeable K, total N, C/N ratio and CEC significantly increased with biochar, but the effect faded in the second cropping. Conversely exchangeable Mg and its plant tissue concentration decreased due to competitive ion effect of high K from the biochar. Biochar addition is effective for increasing nutrient availability especially K for sesame while improving soil physicochemical properties to increase seed yield, growth and seed mineral quality.

Effects of Lime Stabilized Sewage Sludge Compost on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Uptake by Ryegrass

2011 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Lan Zhu ◽  
Xiu Lan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Available N ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Lime Sludge

A pot experiment was performed to study effects of application of metal rich sludge cocomposted with lime on soil physicochemical properties, ryegrass biomass and heavy metal uptake by ryegrass. The results show that application of sludge compost with (LSC) and without lime (SC) could increase the soil pH, and the organic matter, available N, P and K in soils, consequently, improve the growth of ryegrass. No significant differences were found in the plant growth between sludge composted with lime and without lime. Sludge compost rich in Zn and Cd resulted in two elementals accumulation in soil and plant. The content of Zn and Cd in ryegrass from LSC-treated soil was much lower than those from SC-treated soils at the same application rate. The results illustrated that lime was very effective in stabilizing Zn and Cd in compost. However, the fact that Cd in ryegrass from LSC treated soil was close to or even exceeded the guideline for the health standard of feed and food in China (GB 13078-2001) implied the limitation of liming in stabilization heavy metals in sludge.

scholarly journals Effects of Straw Returning on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Diversity Under the Rice-crayfish Integrated System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuxiu Zhu ◽  
Chenglin Peng ◽  
Guohan Si ◽  
Aihua Sha ◽  
Jiafu Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Reducing Substances

Abstract This study represents the investigation of soil physicochemical properties and microbial diversity by the Biolog ECO analysis in a 7-year field experiment using winter flooded fallow + no straw returning (W), winter flooded fallow + straw returning (WS), and winter flooded fallow + straw returning + crayfish farming (WSC) at soil depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Compared with the W treatment, the WS treatment has significantly more total reducing substances in the 0-10 cm layer and sucrase activity in the 0-20 cm layer. The WSC treatment has significantly more available N (AN), total N (TN) contents, acid phosphatase and sucrase activities in the 10-20 cm layer, while the pH value, total reducing substances, and Fe2+ content in the 0-20 cm layer was considerably lower compared with the WS treatment. Biolog ECO analysis reveals that microbial community composition in the WS and WSC treatments differs from that in the W treatment in the 0-20cm layer. The WS treatment increases significantly the diversity of bacterial community and the ability of utilizing carbon sources in the 0-10 cm layer, and the species abundance of bacterial community in the 0-20 cm layer. Meanwhile, in the 10-20 cm soil layer, the WSC treatment improves the species abundance of bacterial community and the ability of utilizing carbon sources compared with the WS treatment. These results indicate that straw returning under the rice-crayfish integrated system improves soil physicochemical properties, decreases reducing substances properties, and increases soil enzyme activity and functional diversity of microbial community, thereby contributing to soil condition.

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