scholarly journals Comparing the Scope and Efficacy of COVID-19 Response Strategies in 16 Countries: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9421
Author(s):  
Liudmila Rozanova ◽  
Alexander Temerev ◽  
Antoine Flahault
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
And Control

This article synthesizes the results of case studies on the development of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and control measures by governments in 16 countries. When this work was conducted, only 6 months had passed since the pandemic began, and only 4 months since the first events were recognized outside of China. It was too early to draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness of measures in each of the selected countries; however, the authors present some efforts to identify and classify response and containment measures, country-by-country, for future comparison and analysis. There is a significant variety of policy tools and response measures employed in different countries, and while it is still hard to directly compare the different approaches based on their efficacy, it will definitely provide many inputs for the future data analysis efforts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the compliance of people with the containment measures and wearing-mask behaviours in different stages of COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study from Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Erhan KAYA ◽  
Hüseyin ÜÇER
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The People ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Chisquare Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
And Control

Introduction. Protection measurements should be paid attention so that the regions affected to a great extent gain time for medical care and medical facilities can cope with increasing intensive care cases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in the rate of behaviours of people related to going out and wearing a mask during the pandemic in Turkey. Material and methods. This observational study investigated people’s behaviours of going out and mask-wearing in the province of Kahramanmaras in Turkey during 4 different periods with 14-day intervals before and after Covid-19 pandemic. A total of 48 hours camera record made in 4 different periods at 12 pedestrian crossings used intensively by people was examined. Two researchers recorded and examined the number and gender of the people using these pedestrian crossings and their wearing-mask behaviours on a data collection form. The obtained data were presented as tables and graphics, showing numbers and percentages. Appropriate mask-wearing according to gender was analysed by ChiSquare test. Results. The number of people using pedestrian crossings decreased by 70.19% for men and 87.07% for women compared to before the pandemic. When comparing the appropriate mask-wearing according to gender, it was concluded that women had a higher statistically significant rate on the appropriate mask-wearing compared to men (p<0.05).Conclusions. Compliance to mask-wearing and control measures was high at the beginning of the pandemic. A high percentage of women wore masks correctly. About 40 days after the pandemic started, people wore the mask less correctly.

scholarly journals Policy disparities in response to COVID-19 between Singapore and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Wang ◽  
Leiyu Shi ◽  
Yuyao Zhang ◽  
Haiqian Chen ◽  
Gang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objective The study analyzed the common points and discrepancies of COVID-19 control measures of the two countries in order to provide appropriate coping experiences for countries all over the world. Method This study examined the associations between the epidemic prevention and control policies adopted in the first 70 days after the outbreak and the number of confirmed cases in China and Singapore using the generalized linear model. Policy comparisons and disparities between the two countries were also discussed. Results The regression models show that factors influencing the cumulative number of confirmed cases in China: Locking down epicenter; activating Level One public health emergency response in all localities; the central government set up a leading group; classified management of “four categories of personnel”; launching makeshift hospitals; digital management for a matrix of urban communities; counterpart assistance. The following four factors were the key influencing factors of the cumulative confirmed cases in Singapore: The National Centre for Infectious Diseases screening center opens; border control measures; surveillance measures; Public Health Preparedness Clinics launched. Conclusions Through analyzing the key epidemic prevention and control policies of the two countries, we found that the following factors are critical to combat COVID-19: active case detection, early detection of patients, timely isolation, and treatment, and increasing of medical capabilities. Countries should choose appropriate response strategies with health equity in mind to ultimately control effectively the spread of COVID-19 worldwide.

Role of COVIDsafe app and control measures in Australia in combating COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Syed Mohsin Abbas ◽  
Xiaodong Xu ◽  
Chunxia Sun
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Demonstration Analysis ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Purpose COVID-19 (C19) has been destroying the world's health and emergency response system for almost the past year. Policymakers and health practitioners are trying their best to save the public through various policy development and initiatives in this regard. This study aims to examine the containment measures and their impacts on Australia's C19 situation in Australia's COVIDsafe app background. Design/methodology/approach This study investigates the role of the Australian Government's (AG) Health Containment (HC) and Stringency response (SR) in combating the C19 situation in Australia. The time horizon has been taken from January to October 2020 and applied Linear Regression with graphical demonstration analysis by STATA-18 version and MS Word chart features. Findings By applying linear regression and graphical demonstration, statistics revealed that AG made various policy developments during the C19 pandemic. However, due to inconsistent and unsustainable measures, the second C19 wave hit Australia much harder than the first wave. COVIDsafe app has been a vital AG in this regard; however, it did not show its progress during the second wave due to privacy issues. After the more focused and aggressive research and development measures, AG overcame the App drawbacks and controlled the situation, demonstrating 92% recovered statistics from C19. Practical implications The study concludes that AG should enforce many prudent policy measures and distinct E-government features in the COVIDsafe app and make it secure so people will use it in probable forthcoming C19 waves. Originality/value This study has examined the Government of Australia's containment measures in the background discussion of the COVIDsafe app.

Computational Techniques to Manage Natural Resources

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Diana F. Adamatti ◽  
Marilton S. de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Natural Resources Management ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Optimization And Control ◽  
And Control

To manage the natural resource, many aspect must be treat, because this are evolve all flora and fauna in planet. Mainly, how this management could improve the life quality in present and future, for all species (not just for human begins). In literature, there are three computational challenges in natural resources management: data management and communication; data analysis; and optimization and control. In this paper, the authors present four case studies where some techniques could help in the management of natural resources and to solve these challenges.

scholarly journals Response to the COVID-19 Epidemic: The Chinese Experience and Implications for Other Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xiao-Guang Yue ◽  
Paul B. Tchounwou
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Technology ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that occurred in China is rapidly spreading globally. China’s bond and strict containment measures have been proved (in practice) to significantly reduce the spread of the epidemic. This was obtained through the use of emergency control measures in the epidemic areas and the integration of resources from multiple systems, including business, community, technology, education, and transportation, across the country. In order to better understand how China has managed to reduce the public health and economic impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic, this editorial systematically reviews the specific measures for infection prevention and control of the disease. The best practices for COVID-19 eradication in China provide evidence-based strategies that could be replicated in other countries.

scholarly journals Stopping the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review on the Advances of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Md. Hasanul Banna Siam ◽  
Nahida Hannan Nishat ◽  
Ahsan Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Sorowar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vector ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Protein Detection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
And Control ◽  
Second Wave

With the continued spread of COVID-19 across the world, rapid diagnostic tools, readily available respurposable drugs, and prompt containment measures to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection are of paramount importance. Examples of recent advances in diagnostic tests are CRISPR technology, IgG assay, spike protein detection, and use of artificial intelligence. The gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) has also been upgraded with point-of-care rapid tests. Supportive treatment, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remain the primary choice, while therapeutic options include antivirals, antiparasitics, anti-inflammatories, interferon, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibody, hyperimmunoglobulin, RNAi, and mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Different types of vaccines such as RNA, DNA, and lentiviral, inactivated, and viral vector are in clinical trials. Moreover, rapidly deployable and easy-to-transport innovative vaccine delivery systems are also in development. As countries have started easing down on the lockdown measures, the chance for a second wave of infection demands strict and rational control policies to keep fatalities minimized. An improved understanding of the advances in diagnostic tools, treatments, vaccines, and control measures for COVID-19 can provide references for further research and aid better containment strategies.

scholarly journals Estimation of COVID-19 Transmission and Advice on Public Health Interventions

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 2849
Author(s):  
Qingqing Ji ◽  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Hanlin Ma ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Yiwen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Square ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Real ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

At the end of 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) made a profound impact on the country’s production and people’s daily lives. Up until now, COVID-19 has not been fully controlled all over the world. Based on the clinical research progress of infectious diseases, combined with epidemiological theories and possible disease control measures, this paper establishes a Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model that meets the characteristics of the transmission of the new coronavirus, using the least square estimation (LSE) method to estimate the model parameters. The simulation results show that quarantine and containment measures as well as vaccine and drug development measures can control the spread of the epidemic effectively. As can be seen from the prediction results of the model, the simulation results of the epidemic development of the whole country and Nanjing are in agreement with the real situation of the epidemic, and the number of confirmed cases is close to the real value. At the same time, the model’s prediction of the prevention effect and control measures have shed new light on epidemic prevention and control.

scholarly journals Combating the COVID-19 Epidemic: Experiences from Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bui Thi Thu Ha ◽  
La Ngoc Quang ◽  
Tolib Mirzoev ◽  
Nguyen Trong Tai ◽  
Pham Quang Thai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Emergency Control ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Successful Prevention

The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading fast globally. Vietnam’s strict containment measures have significantly reduced the spread of the epidemic in the country. This was achieved through the use of emergency control measures in the epidemic areas and integration of resources from multiple sectors including health, mass media, transportation, education, public affairs, and defense. This paper reviews and shares specific measures for successful prevention and control of COVID-19 in Vietnam, which could provide useful learning for other countries.

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