scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship between Usability of GUIs and Power Consumption of a PC: The Case of PHRs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
José A. García-Berná ◽  
Sofia Ouhbi ◽  
José L. Fernández-Alemán ◽  
Juan M. Carrillo de Gea ◽  
Joaquín Nicolás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Disk Drive ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Usability Assessment ◽  
Principles Of Design ◽  
The Relationship

Usability is key to achieve quality in software products. The client applications with a high score in usability might impact on the power consumption when they are run in a PC. For this reason, energy savings turn to be critical in green software systems. In this paper the relationship between the usability evaluations of the GUIs and the power consumption measurements of the main components of a PC were analysed. A set of 5 web-based personal health records (PHRs) were selected as a case study. The usability assessment was performed by an expert, employing the 14 principles of design by Alan Dix as heuristics. They were scored on a Likert scale after performing a collection of common tasks in the PHRs. At the same time, an equipment to measure the energy consumption of hard disk drive, graphics card, processor, monitor and power supply was used. Spearman’s index was studied for the correlations between the usability assessments and the power consumption measurements. As a results, some weak relationships were found. A total of 5 usability heuristics were observed to may influence energy consumption when they were considered in the implementation of the PHRs. These heuristics were the following ones: consistency, task migratability, observability, recoverability and responsiveness. Based on the results, the usability principles of design cannot always be related to lower energy consumption. Future research should focus on the tradeoffs between usability and power consumption of client applications when they are used in a computer.

Investigating energy consumption and economic growth for BRICS-T countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım ◽  
Seda Yıldırım ◽  
Isıl Demirtas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Cointegration Test ◽  
Real Output ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
Panel Cointegration Test ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for Brazil, Russia, China, India, South Africa and Turkey (BRICS-T) countries. In this context, this study investigates energy consumption and real output in BRICS-T countries through panel cointegration. Design/methodology/approach The data include energy consumption and real output for BRICS-T countries and period of 1990–2014. The variables are transformed into natural logarithm. To analyze these data, this study employed Pedroni cointegration test, the second-generation panel cointegration test, Westerlund and Edgerton (2008) test and FMOLS test. Findings Results indicate that there is a bi-directional causality relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for BRICS-T countries. An increase in GDP leads to an increase in energy consumption and an increase in energy consumption leads to an increase in GDP. Research limitations/implications This study used data that include the period of 1990–2014 for BRICS-T countries. So, further studies can use different periods of data or different countries. Originality/value This study provides important evidence that countries with strong growth performance need to follow bi-directional energy policies to increase both energy investments and ensure energy savings.

scholarly journals A Survey of Communications and Networking Technologies for Energy Management in Buildings and Home Automation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind Kailas ◽  
Valentina Cecchi ◽  
Arindam Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Awareness ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Networking Technologies

With the exploding power consumption in private households and increasing environmental and regulatory restraints, the need to improve the overall efficiency of electrical networks has never been greater. That being said, the most efficient way to minimize the power consumption is by voluntary mitigation of home electric energy consumption, based on energy-awareness and automatic or manual reduction of standby power of idling home appliances. Deploying bi-directional smart meters and home energy management (HEM) agents that provision real-time usage monitoring and remote control, will enable HEM in “smart households.” Furthermore, the traditionally inelastic demand curve has began to change, and these emerging HEM technologies enable consumers (industrial to residential) to respond to the energy market behavior to reduce their consumption at peak prices, to supply reserves on a as-needed basis, and to reduce demand on the electric grid. Because the development of smart grid-related activities has resulted in an increased interest in demand response (DR) and demand side management (DSM) programs, this paper presents some popular DR and DSM initiatives that include planning, implementation and evaluation techniques for reducing energy consumption and peak electricity demand. The paper then focuses on reviewing and distinguishing the various state-of-the-art HEM control and networking technologies, and outlines directions for promoting the shift towards a society with low energy demand and low greenhouse gas emissions. The paper also surveys the existing software and hardware tools, platforms, and test beds for evaluating the performance of the information and communications technologies that are at the core of future smart grids. It is envisioned that this paper will inspire future research and design efforts in developing standardized and user-friendly smart energy monitoring systems that are suitable for wide scale deployment in homes.

scholarly journals Estimation of Direct and Indirect Household CO2 Emissions in 49 Japanese Cities with Consideration of Regional Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujiro Hirano ◽  
Tomohiko Ihara ◽  
Masayuki Hara ◽  
Keita Honjo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
The Relationship

We conducted a detailed estimation of direct and indirect CO2 emissions related to multi-person households in 49 Japanese cities. Direct energy consumption was decomposed into energy use in order to consider the relationship with regional conditions. The results showed that CO2 emissions from direct energy consumption were almost as large as indirect CO2 emissions induced by consuming products and services, suggesting that lifestyle improvements are important for both energy savings and reducing CO2 emissions relating to product and service consumption. In addition, CO2 emissions from direct energy consumption varied widely between cities, making them susceptible to regional conditions. We also calculated CO2 emissions from direct energy consumption and examined the regional conditions for individual forms of energy use. CO2 emissions were higher in cold regions and lower in larger cities. In Japan, large cities are often located in relatively warm areas, so we conducted an analysis to distinguish the effects of climatic conditions from those of urbanization. This analysis allowed us to clarify the effects of regional conditions on factors such as heating/cooling and the ratio of detached houses to apartments.

Impact of energy efficiency on computer numerically controlled machining

2009 ◽  
Vol 224 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Anderberg ◽  
S Kara ◽  
T Beno
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Computer Numerically Controlled ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Environmental Demands

Increasing environmental demands from governmental bodies and customers stress the importance of companies improving their environmental performance. The research presented here shows that productivity and cost efficiency improvements can be achieved alongside energy savings in a computer numerically controlled machining environment. This improves the profitability of the companies, but also leads them towards more sustainable and environmentally aware manufacturing; the relationship between machining parameters, machining costs, and energy consumption is evaluated. From this perspective, it is important that production planners etc. understand the methodological possibilities for improvements in cost and energy efficiency. The current research is based on a machining cost model and experiments where energy consumption and tool wear were monitored.

scholarly journals “Big, Medium, Little”: Reaching Energy Proportionality with Heterogeneous Computing Scheduler

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 1541006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violaine Villebonnet ◽  
Georges Da Costa ◽  
Laurent Lefevre ◽  
Jean-Marc Pierson ◽  
Patricia Stolf
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Heterogeneous Computing ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Processing Variable ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
High Part ◽  
Heterogeneous Architectures ◽  
Energy Proportionality ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

Energy savings are among the most important topics concerning Cloud and HPC infrastructures nowadays. Servers consume a large amount of energy, even when their computing power is not fully utilized. These static costs represent quite a concern, mostly because many datacenter managers are over-provisioning their infrastructures compared to the actual needs. This results in a high part of wasted power consumption. In this paper, we proposed the BML (“Big, Medium, Little”) infrastructure, composed of heterogeneous architectures, and a scheduling framework dealing with energy proportionality. We introduce heterogeneous power processors inside datacenters as a way to reduce energy consumption when processing variable workloads. Our framework brings an intelligent utilization of the infrastructure by dynamically executing applications on the architecture that suits their needs, while minimizing energy consumption. In this paper we focus on distributed stateless web servers scenario and we analyze the energy savings achieved through energy proportionality.

Shifts in Energy Consumption Driven by Urbanization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry Sadorsky
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Important Milestone

The year 2007 marked an important milestone as, for the first time in history, the world’s urban population passed 50%. An increase in urbanization brings new opportunities and new challenges with respect to business, society, and the economy as increases in urbanization are associated with greater economic activity. One particular area of interest is how urbanization affects energy consumption. This chapter surveys recent theoretical and empirical contributions on the relationship between urbanization and energy consumption. The chapter first sets out the conceptual framework and some empirical observations on the relationship between energy consumption and urbanization. This is followed by sections that provide a more detailed review of the empirical evidence linking energy consumption with urbanization. The chapter concludes with some limitations from existing empirical studies, suggestions for future research, and policy implications.

A Probabilistic Graphical Model for Evaluating Variable Energy Consumption During the Use Stage of a Product’s Lifecycle

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Telenko ◽  
Carolyn Seepersad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Use Stage ◽  
Usage Context ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Variable Energy

Although energy consumption during use can cause a majority of a product’s environmental impact, the relationship between a product’s usage context and its environmental performance is rarely considered in design evaluations. Probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) provide the capability of evaluating uncertainty and variability of product use in addition to correlating the results with aspects of the usage context. This research demonstrates a method for representing the usage context as a PGM through the use of a lightweight vehicle design example. The demonstration PGM is constructed from factors such as driver behavior, alternative driving schedules, and residential density, which are related to local conditional probability distributions derived from publicly available data sources. Unique scenarios are then assembled from sets of conditions on these factors to provide insight into sources of variance in lifetime energy use. The vehicle example demonstrates that implementation of realistic usage scenarios via a PGM can provide a much higher fidelity investigation of energy savings during use than commonly found in the literature and that distinct scenarios can have significantly different implications for the effectiveness of lightweight vehicle designs.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Production Planning Using a Two-Stage Fuzzy Approach

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1101
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chieh Wu ◽  
Horng-Ren Tsai ◽  
Tin-Chih Toly Chen ◽  
Keng-Wei Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Fuzzy Approach ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Yield Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Analyzing energy consumption is an important task for a factory. In order to accomplish this task, most studies fit the relationship between energy consumption and product design features, process characteristics, or equipment types. However, the energy-saving effects of product yield learning are rarely considered. To bridge this gap, this study proposes a two-stage fuzzy approach to estimate the energy savings brought about by yield improvement. In the two-stage fuzzy approach, a fuzzy polynomial programming approach is first utilized to fit the yield-learning process of a product. Then, the relationship between monthly electricity consumption and increase in yield was fit to estimate the energy savings brought about by the improvement in yield. The actual case of a dynamic random-access memory factory was used to illustrate the applicability of the two-stage fuzzy approach. According to the experiment results, product yield learning can greatly reduce electricity consumption.

scholarly journals Analysis of Energy Consumption Using Sequential to Better Signal (SBS) Scheme for Green Celluler Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-239
Author(s):  
Haniah Mahmudah ◽  
Okkie Puspitorini ◽  
Ari Wijayanti ◽  
Nur Adi Siswandari ◽  
Yetik Dwi Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Cellular Network ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Save Energy

Over time, cellular communication technology developed significantly from year to year. This is due to increasing the number of users and the higher needed. To overcome this problem, many providers increase the number of new base station installations to fill up the customer's needed. The increase number of base stations does not take into account the amount of power consumption produced, where in the cellular network Base Stations (BS) are the most dominant energy consuming equipment estimated at 60% - 80% of the total energy consumption in the cellular industry. In addition, energy waste often occurs in the BS where the emission power will always remain even if the number of users is small. Power consumption and energy savings are important issues at this time because they will affect CO2 emissions in the air. This paper proposes to save energy consumption from BS by turning off BS (sleep mode) if the number of users is small and distributed to other BS (neighboring BS) which is called cell zooming technique. The cell size can zoom out when the load traffic is high and zoom in when the load traffic is low. To determine the central BS and neighboring BS, a sequential to better signal (SBS) scheme is used where this scheme sorts neighboring BS based on the SINR value received (user). The results of this research, base station can be able to save energy 29.12% and reduce CO2 emission around 3580 kg/year.  It means saving energy consumption which is also reducing air pollution occurs and this term can be named as green cellular network. 

scholarly journals The All-You-Can-Eat Economy: How Never-Ending Economic Growth Affects Our Happiness and Our Chances for a Sustainable Future

World ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226
Author(s):  
Eric Wilson ◽  
Phalguni Mukhopadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Returns ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, and life satisfaction and makes the case that economic growth as usual is no longer a desirable or sustainable policy goal. Historically, economic and social development go along with energy sector transformation and total energy use. As a country develops, its use of energy increases, resource consumption increases, population booms, life expectancy rises, and overall socio-economic outcomes are improved. One might deduce then, that life satisfaction is also tightly correlated to economic development and energy consumption, but is this the case? To answer this question, current academic literature and data on the relationship between energy consumption, GDP, and quality of life were explored. The review showed a weak relationship between GDP and quality of life, a saturation relationship between energy use and social returns (social returns increase with increasing energy use to a point), and a strong relationship between GDP and energy use. There have been high hopes that improvements in energy-efficient technology will reduce global aggregate resource consumption, however, there is a growing body of research to suggest the opposite is likely to occur due to ”rebound effects”. The major environmental issues of our time have been seen predominantly as issues to be solved through advancements in technology; however, it is the argument of this paper that they cannot be addressed from a purely technological standpoint. Of course, improving energy efficiency is an important factor, but we must not forget the equally important subject of human behavior and our addiction to continual economic growth. We must first address the human desire to consume resources in the pursuit of happiness and socio-economic status, and shift towards a mentality of sufficiency. Future research must demonstrate concrete examples of sustainable development and consumption, advance the discourse on how the individual can be part of the solution, and empower the implementation of sustainable government policy.

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