scholarly journals Kobra Surgery Simulator—A Possibility to Improve Digital Teaching? A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1827
Author(s):  
Mayte Buchbender ◽  
Mathias Maser ◽  
Friedrich W. Neukam ◽  
Marco R. Kesting ◽  
Sameh Attia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Student Training ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Surgery Simulator ◽  
Group 1

Computer-aided simulations have long been of great importance in university teaching; however, to date, there is limited use of such simulations in the dental surgical sector. For this purpose, an oral surgery simulator, “Kobra”, was implemented in student training and was evaluated for dental education. Dental students (group 1, third-year and group 2, fourth-year) and dentists of the faculty (control group) were trained to use the simulator. The outcomes for group 1 (apicoectomy of an upper lateral incisor with Kobra), group 2 (removal of an impacted lower wisdom tooth with Kobra) and the control group (both procedures with Kobra) were evaluated. For evaluation purposes, subjective parameters (improvement of practical skills, comparison between conventional training and Kobra simulation, and implementation of simulation-based teaching) and objective parameters (removal of bone, tooth substance and soft tissue measured while performing the Kobra simulation) were assessed using questionnaires with a scale ranging from 1–5. A total of 49 students (third-year n = 29, with 22 women and 7 men; fourth-year n = 20, with 17 women and 3 men) and 10 dentists (women n = 5 and men n = 5) participated. Compared to the Kobra simulation, the conventional training method with plastic models was still favored (the difference was non-significant). Compared to the dentists, the simulation data showed a less precise surgical performance of the students (the difference was not significant). The Kobra simulation may offer an additional method to conventional surgery training using plastic models, with benefits for students and faculty staff.

Cytomorphometric and Morphological Analysis in Women with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection: Micronucleus Frequency in Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Safi Oz ◽  
Banu Doğan Gun ◽  
Mustafa Ozkan Gun ◽  
Sukru Oguz Ozdamar
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and morphological effects of Trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. Study Design: Ninety-six Pap-stained cervical smears were divided into a study group and two control groups as follows: T. vaginalis cases, a first control group with inflammation, and a second control group without inflammation. Micronucleated, binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, and karyopyknotic cells and cells with perinuclear halos per 1,000 epithelial cells were counted. Nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated in 70 clearly defined cells in each smear using image analysis. Results: The frequencies of morphological parameters in the T. vaginalis cases were higher than the values of the two control groups, and the difference among groups was found to be significant (p < 0.05). The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of epithelial cells were diminished in patients with trichomoniasis. The mean nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in T. vaginalis patients was higher than the value in the control groups, and the difference between the study group and control group 1 was significant. However, there was no statistically significant increase between the study group and control group 2. Conclusions:T. vaginalis exhibited significant changes in the cellular size and nuclear structure of the cells. The rising frequency of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and changing nucleus/cytoplasm ratio may reflect genotoxic damage in trichomoniasis.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANT PREPARATIONS OF DIFFERENT MECHANISMS OF ACTION ON THE LEVEL OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PRODUCTS IN THE ORGANISM OF PREGNANT SHEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
L.G. Kashirina ◽  
◽  
Yu.E. Dorokhina ◽  
M.T. Trfandyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secondary Oxidation ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
System A ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

Antioxidant drugs "E-selenium" and Catosal help to reduce LPO processes in the body of pregnant ewes. Were formed 3 groups of animals - analogs, three heads each (control and two experimental). Ewes of experimental group 1 were injected intramuscularly with the preparation "E-selenium" in a dose of 1 ml per head once a month for 2 months, starting from the third month of pregnancy. The animals of the second experimental group in the same periods were injected with the drug "Catosal" intramuscularly at a dose of 4 ml per head once a month for 2 months. The feeding of animals of all groups was the same, balanced in nutrients and corresponded to the norms of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The experiment lasted 155 days. There was an increase in the production of DC in the 3rd month of pregnancy in the control group of animals in comparison with the experimental ones, in its so-called "peak", it was significantly higher than in the 1st month, in experimental group 1 by 9.8 %, with experimental group 2 by 9.71%, in control by 18.75 %. During this crucial period, the laying of fruits occurs in the body of ewes, which is reflected in the level of its own antioxidant system. A similar increase can be traced in the case of MDA, which is a secondary oxidation product and is often formed from diene conjugates. The difference in the control group in comparison with the experimental group 1 was 7.48 % and the experimental group 2 13.84 %. Starting from the 4th and 5th months of pregnancy, as the intensity of LPO processes increased, the concentration of DC and MDA production decreased in the experimental groups and especially in the experimental group 2.

Preliminary assessment of low-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during the treatment for brain glioblastomas.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2545-2545
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Popov ◽  
Oleg I. Kit ◽  
Alla I. Shikhlyarova ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perifocal Edema ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

2545 Background: The standard treatment of malignant brain gliomas, including surgical and radiation therapies, does not provide recovery and a long-time favorable prognosis. The development of technologies and international guidelines on the introduction of electric (TTF) and electromagnetic (TMS) fields in combination treatment for glioblastomas aims to improve immediate results, as shown in experiments on human glioblastoma cell culture. The TMS protocol requires further refinement in parameters of frequency, intensity, and exposure with an assessment of the immediate results of combined treatment. Methods: The study included 60 patients diagnosed with MBG receiving osteoplastic craniotomy with radical (within visible unchanged tissues) tumor removal. Starting from the second day after the surgery, patients of group 1 (n = 30) received 10 sessions of magnetotherapy in the double exposure mode. For the first morning exposure, we used an ultra-low-frequency magnetic field (ULFMF) (0.03 to 9.0 Hz) on the hypothalamus projection area to induce a general antistress reaction. After 2.5-3 hours, local (on the surgical site) TMS exposure with the Neuro-MSD system (Russia) was applied in the pulse algorithm, up to 1 GHz and 5 Hz, 15 mT, 3 min. The induction was reduced exponentially (C = 0.8). The control group 2 (n = 30) did not receive ULFMF or TMS. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine the volume of tumors (Vt, cm3) and perifocal edema (Ve, cm3) calculated according to the Shrek’s formula for an ellipsoid (V = a×b×c×π/6). Results: Before surgery, Vt = 54.7±5.7cm3 in group 1, in group 2 - Vt = 60.9±8.5cm3 (no statistical differences). After surgery and the subsequent course of ULFMF and TMS, residual tumor volumes in group 1 were 2.5 times lower than in controls (p < 0.05). The difference between Ve values before and after treatment was on average 80.7 cm3 in group 1 and 41.8 cm3 in group 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The inclusion of sequential ULFMF and TMS exposures into postoperative therapy for gliomas, taking into account various vectors of the influence on the projection of centers of homeostasis regulation and the surgical field, as well as the development of programmed modes of biotropic exposure parameters, improves antitumor and anti-edematous effects.

scholarly journals Flash-Free Orthodontic Adhesive System Compared with the Conventional Direct Bonding Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 3193-3195
Author(s):  
Camelia Szuhanek ◽  
Denisa Maria Golban ◽  
Radu Negru ◽  
Meda Lavinia Negrutiu ◽  
Liviu Marsavina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive System ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Bonding Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Materials ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Bonding Method ◽  
Bracket Base ◽  
Group 1

The latest technology in the field of orthodontic materials is represented by the Flash-Free Orthodontic Adhesive System. In the present study this novel technique is compared with the conventional direct bonding method. Ten extracted human premolars were separated into two groups: in the Group 1, APC Flash-Free Adhesive Coated Appliance System (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) was bonded, while in the control Group 2, Clarity Advanced braces (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) were bonded using XT Adhesive Paste (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) applied by the clinician on the bracket base. Bonding times were recorded for each sample. Shear bond strength (SBS) was recorded using Zwick Zoel Z005. After debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was established for both groups. Group 1 showed a mean bonding time of 21 s, while Group 2 needed about 45 s for each bracket bonding. Both groups had clinically accepted SBS values, but the difference between them was significant (10.97 MPa versus 8.23 MPa). ARI scores were equal to 1 for most samples. In conclusion, reducing the time for bracket placing, APC Flash-Free Coated Appliance System showed a brackets bonding time reduced to half compared to the conventional technique. This aspect, combined with significantly higher SBS values, makes this novel system better than the classical one. For both groups, more than half of the adhesive remained on the bracket base, which facilitates cleaning after debonding.

scholarly journals The Frequency of CD4+ T Cells in Women with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoume Nodehi ◽  
Abolghasem Ajami ◽  
Maryam Izad ◽  
Hossein Asgarian Omran ◽  
Fatemeh Esfahanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Tr1 Cells ◽  
Group 1

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most prevalent autoimmune disease, and there is no definitive treatment available for this disease. To find the appropriate therapeutic approach, it is necessary to determine the mechanism of this disease. To achieve this purpose, the frequency of CD4+ T cells was evaluated in patients with HT and compared with healthy individuals. Methods: Twenty-six female patients with HT, aged 20 - 45 years, enrolled in this study. Based on the level of thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TG) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) in serum of patients with HT, they were divided into two groups. The serum level of anti-TPO was above 100 IU/mL in the group 1 (n = 13), whereas the serum levels of both anti-TPO and anti-TG were above 100 IU/mL in the group 2 (n = 13). Eleven healthy women were considered control group, or group 3. Using flow cytometry, the frequency of T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17, T regulatory type 1 (Tr1), and LT CD4+IL-4+IL-17+ cells and mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of their related cytokines were evaluated. Results: The frequency of Th2 cells in the groups 1 (anti-TPO > 100) and 2 (anti-TPO > 100 and anti-TG > 100) were more than control group. Only the difference between groups 3 (healthy control) and 2 was significant (P = 0.022). The frequency of LT CD4+IL-4+IL-17+ cells in the group 1 was significantly more than group 3 (P = 0.027); However, the difference between group 2 and 3 was not significant (P = 0.126). The expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the group 2 (P = 0.001) and group 1 (P = 0.001) is significantly higher than group 3. The frequency of Th17, Th1, and Tr1 cells and MFI of IL-17 and IL-10 were not significantly different between the study groups. Conclusions: In the present study, no significant differences were observed in the frequency of Th17 and Tr1 cells and in MFI of IL-17 and IL-10 in comparison to healthy individuals. Therefore, trying to make a change in the population of these cells probably does not have a significant therapeutic effect. Since Th2 cells and the expression of IFN-γ increased in women with HT, reducing the frequency of Th2 cells or the expression of IFN-γ may be effective in controlling the disease progression. It may be helpful for these patients and prevent the progression of the disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of Dental Flossing and Oral Health Status among Dental Students and High School Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Csilla Bukhari Benedek ◽  
Luminița Lazăr ◽  
Imola Zsuzsa Buka ◽  
Alexandru Vlasa
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Along with brushing, using dental floss is an important part of tooth cleaning. This adjunctive method helps remove the bacterial plaque mainly from the interdental area and from the gingival sulcus. The aim of the study was to compare the correct and incorrect methods of using dental floss among students from different high schools and students from the Faculty of Dentistry. Material and methods: A total number of 96 young adults with a mean age of 21 years (range 18–25 years) were admitted in the study, being divided into three groups: students from Baia Mare (Group 1), students from Odorheiu Secuiesc (Group 2), and the control group consisted of students from the Faculty of Dental Medicine from Tîrgu Mureș (Group 3). The students were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding the use of dental floss. In the second part of the study, a total number of 30 students (10 students from each group) were examined using the Williams periodontal probe, a dental mirror, and a dental probe, and the following parameters were recorded: the papilla bleeding index (PBI), the tartar index (TI), and the DMF-S index. Results: The lowest gingival bleeding during brushing was observed in Group 3 (p = 0.0070). The majority of people who regularly use dental floss were in Group 3 (p <0.0001). There were no significant differences between groups regarding gender in the use of dental floss: Group 1 (p >0.9999), Group 2 (p = 0.3358), and Group 3 (p = 0.3303). Conclusions: Regarding the used periodontal indices (TI, PBI), the highest peak was achieved by students from Group 2, and the lowest values were recorded among students from Group 3. The DMF-S index was the highest among students from Group 1 and lowest among students from Group 3.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic (in vivo) activity of Ariflex liniment in comparison with diclofenac gel by acetic acid induced writhing model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Sanjay U. Nipanikar ◽  
Sohan S. Chitlange
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Animal ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Background: Adverse effects of available medications for osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitate development of safer and effective alternative medicinal substitutes. The present study was conducted to evaluate analgesic activity of Ariflex liniment (conceptualized and developed by Ari Healthcare Pvt. Ltd.) in comparison with diclofenac gel by using acetic acid induced writhing model.Methods: Albino mice of either sex weighing 20-25 g were taken and divided into 3 groups with 5 animals in each group, i.e., group 1 (control group), group 2 (diclofenac gel) and group 3 (Ariflex liniment). After 1 hour of topical application of study drugs writhing was induced in mice using intra-peritonial injection of 1% acetic acid in volume of 0.1 ml/10 g body weight. Then the writhing episodes were recorded for 30 minutes and results were noted.Results: In the control group, the total number of  writhes were 260±29.73 (mean±S. E. M.). The total number of writhes was 12.17±11.81 (mean ± S. E. M.) in diclofenac group. In Ariflex liniment group, not a single animal felt pain, hence there were no writhes recorded. When compared to control group, the difference in number of writhes was statistically significant. The analgesic activity of Ariflex liniment was found to be superior to that of diclofenac gel used as standard drug.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Ariflex liniment possesses analgesic activity.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MANGOSTEEN PEELS EXTRACT AGAINST THE TOTAL OF T LYMPHOCYTES IN HIV PATIENTS

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Dyah Kurniasari ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
Hussein Gasem
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
West Java ◽  
Replication Process ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Placebo Capsule ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: The Province of West Java is one of the highest HIV sufferers in Indonesia that has increased accumulatively in 2013 to 2014. This condition was proven that in 2014 West Java ranked 4th among the provinces with the highest HIV sufferers in Indonesia. HIV has main target to infect a cell that contains of receptor, CD4. CD4 examination routinely is very important to decide HIV replication process. Meanwhile, CD4 test in the laboratory is quite expensive and not always available in every health facilities. Mangosteen peels extract contains of xanthones as an antioxidant, which is needed for body as a prooxidant that can inhibit the replication of HIV and the activity was seen from the total number of lymphocyte. Method:  The human experimental research has been done by Randomized Control Group Pretest-Post Test Design. There were 20 patients sample for each group. In group 1, HIV patients with ARV therapy were given mangosteen peels extract and in group 2, they were given placebo capsule. Wilcoxon Smith test and Mann Whitney U test were used to determine the difference between group 1 and group 2. Result: There is no significant difference between lymphocytes (p: 0.102) to HIV patients with ARV in each group examination. Discussion: The ineffectiveness is caused by the phagocytocity and cytoxity of TNF through the increasing of free radicals in HIV patients.

scholarly journals The effectivity of cavity cleanser chlorhexidinegluconate 2% and saponin 0.78% of mangoosteen peel

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Maretha Siwinata ◽  
Nanik Zubaidah ◽  
Adioro Soetojo
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Background. Use of cavity cleanser is important before restoration the teeth to clean debris, residue of prepared dentine, blood, bacteria, collagen denaturized by teeth preparation. Nowadays, the cavity cleanser that people used still having shortcoming, one of which is the lack of ability to clean the root canal of the smear layer. Purpose. The purpose of this study examines the difference of cavity cleaner between saponin of mangoosteen peel (GarciniaMangostana L.) and chlorhexidinegluconate 2%. Method. Eighteen upper first premolar divided into 3 groups, each of them consist three tooth. Forming the preparation tooth cavity then group 1 using aquadest for control group, group 2 using chlorhexidinegluconate 2%, and group 3 using saponin of mangoosteen peel (GarciniaMangostana L.). For rating cleanliness of the tooth cavity using a scale of cleanliness conducted under Scanning Electron Microscope. Result. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in One-Way ANOVA parametric test andpos hoc test between chlorhexidinegluconate 2 % and saponin of mangoosteen peel to the cleanliness of the tooth cavity. Conclusion.According to the result of the study, it can be concluded that saponin of mangoosteen peel (GarciniaMangostana L.) less effective for cleaning the tooth cavity than chlorhexidinegluconate 2%.

Staphylococcal Infection and Toxin Production in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lobna M. El Fiky ◽  
Nagwa Khamis ◽  
Badr El Din Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed M. Adly
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background The association between bacterial colonization and different forms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has not been well documented. One of the most recent hypotheses is superantigen (SA)-induced inflammation, resulting in up-regulation of lymphocytes to produce cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators that strongly modify the disease. Staphylococcus aureus, frequently encountered in nasal passages, can produce enterotoxins that can act as SAs. Methods A prospective case control study was performed. Sixty-four patients diagnosed with CRS (group 1), CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) (group 2), and 15 control subjects were enrolled. Swabs were taken from the middle meatus of all subjects for identification of S. aureus carriers. Positive carriers were analyzed for the presence of toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) 1 using reverse passive latex agglutination as well as polymerase chain reaction. Results The rate of nasal carriage of S. aureus in CRS was 42.8%, that of CRSwNP was 45.4%, and that of the control group was 13.3%. The difference between both groups of CRS and the control group was found to be highly significant (p < 0.001). The detection of TSST-1 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in both groups of CRS patients than in the control group. Finally, the difference in colonization of TSST-1 was highly significant (p < 0.001) between the CRS group 1 and CRSwNP group 2 patients. Conclusion Identifying SAs and understanding how they elicit the pathogenic condition in CRS will be central in revealing ways to ameliorate their effects and properly treat these conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document