scholarly journals Impacts of Dual-Income Household Rate on Suicide Mortalities in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5670
Author(s):  
Misaki Nakamoto ◽  
Takatoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Masahiko Murata ◽  
Motohiro Okada
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Income Household ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Dual Income ◽  
Work Family

To explore impact of enhancing social advancement of females in Japan, this study determined the effects of the dual-income household rate on suicide mortalities disaggregated by attributes of gender, age, and motives between 2009 and 2017 in Japan. This study analysed impact of dual-income household rate, other household-related factors (savings, liabilities and yearly incomes per household, minors and elderly rate per household), and social/employment factors (complete unemployment rate, employment rate, temporary male and female employment rates and certification rate of long-term care insurance) on suicide mortalities disaggregated by attributes of gender, age, and motives using hierarchical linear-regression model. Dual-income household rate was significantly/negatively related to suicide mortality of the working-age female population, but significantly/positively related to that of the elderly female population. Suicide mortalities of the working-age male population and the elderly male population were significantly/positively related to dual-income household rate. Male suicide mortalities caused by family-, health-, economy- and employment-related motives were significantly/positively related to dual-income household rate; however, the dual-income household rate was significantly/positively related to female suicide mortalities caused by family-, health-, economy- and school-related motives, but significantly/negatively related to suicide mortalities caused by romance-related motives. Dual-income households suppress social-isolation and develop economical/psychological independence of females, leading to reduced suicide mortality in working-age females. However, elderly and school-age populations, who are supported by the working-age female, suffer from isolation. Working-age males also suffer from inability to adapt from the traditional concept of work–life and work–family balances to the novel work–family balance concept adapted to dual-income households. These results suggest occurrence of new social/family problems in the 21st century due to vulnerability of traditional Japanese culture and life–working–family balance concepts as well as novel sociofamilial disturbances induced by declining birth rate and ageing population in Japan.

scholarly journals Differential susceptibility according to gender in the association between air pollution and mortality from respiratory diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1827-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Sacramento de Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Ponce de Leon ◽  
Inês Echenique Mattos ◽  
Sérgio Koifman
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Increase In Risk

This study analyzed the association between air pollution and deaths from respiratory diseases, considering differential susceptibility according to gender. The authors used daily deaths from respiratory diseases (ICD-10, J00-J99), PM10, SO2, and O3 levels, and meteorological indicators in Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, from January 2002 to December 2006. The association was estimated by Poisson regression using generalized additive models, where the increase in risk of deaths from PM10 to lag 1 was 10.01% (95%CI: 1.81-18.88%) in the total female population and 10.04% (95%CI: 0.90-20.02%) in elderly women. The increase in risk of deaths from PM10 to lag 9 was 8.25% in the total male population (95%CI: 0.86-16.18%) and 10.80% (95%CI: 2.18-20.15%) in elderly men. For exposure to SO2 and O3, the risk was significant in the total male population and the elderly, respectively. The results emphasize the need for further studies, focusing on modification of the effects of air pollution on health.

scholarly journals Recent trends in HIV prevalence in a remote setting of southern India: Insights into arranging HIV control policies

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 838-843
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Sekar ◽  
Murugesan Amudhan ◽  
Moorthy Sivashankar ◽  
Manoharan Mythreyee
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Integrated Counseling

Introduction: Constant vigilance of the dynamics of HIV prevalence is important in estimating, regulating, and implementing prevention programs. The objective of this study was to investigate the trend in the prevalence of HIV infection over six years among specific demographic groups in the remote district of southern India. Methodology: All high-risk attendees of the Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre, Government Theni Medical College between April 2005 and December 2010 were included in this study. Characteristics including age, sex, place of residence, literacy, and HIV sero-status were collected as per the guidelines of the National AIDS Control Organization. Results: A total of 50,043 data sets were analyzed; 3,282 (6.6%) tested positive for HIV infection. The prevalence of HIV infection among the ≤ 25 age group was significantly lower as compared to the elderly (4.4% vs. 6.9%; odds ratio 0.62; 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.71; p < 0.01). There was a decline in HIV prevalence among both age groups (Ptrend < 0.01 for ≤ 25 year-old; – 82.3% and Ptrend < 0.01 for > 25-year old, – 14.2%), males (Ptrend < 0.01; – 50.9%), the urban population (Ptrend < 0.01; – 45.9%), and illiterates (Ptrend < 0.01; – 68%). The trend of HIV prevalence among females (Ptrend = 0.48; +9.1%), the rural population (Ptrend = 0.95; – 7.1%), and literate population (Ptrend = 0.44; +28%) was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: HIV prevalence is stable in the female population, while it is decreasing in male population, indicating that current interventions must be strengthened to reduce HIV prevalence among females.

scholarly journals Territorialization As An Instrument For Expanding The Look Into The Territory: Experience Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Levels Of Care ◽  
Academic Practices ◽  
Interdisciplinary Interventions

Objective: To describe the experience of undergraduate students in the process of territorialization of some micro areas in Recife. Methods: Work based on academic practices of the discipline Occupational Therapy in Public Health – UFPE, in the 2nd semester of 2019, where students follow the professional performance in Primary Care. Among the activities carried out by the Extended Nucleus of Family Health and Primary Care, where the occupational therapist is inserted, there is the territorialization that, in this experience, took place in two meetings, specifically in some micro areas of the Health District VIII. Results: During the walk in the territory, the Community Health Agents presented the history of the community and reported that the community initially had a very industrialized profile. Subsequently, families began to establish themselves and take ownership of the place where they live until today, with several establishments such as schools, community spaces, squares, etc. that strengthen their identity The morbidities that most affect the elderly, young and male population are, respectively, chronic diseases, Sexually Transmitted Infections and infectious diseases. Territorialization is important in the process of planning interdisciplinary interventions and through it, the biopsychosocial dimensions are recognized and bring necessary discussions for all levels of care (COUTINHO, 2017). Conclusion: After the experience of Territorialization, it was possible to understand part of the complexity that is the territory, as well as to identify the main demands of the visited micro areas. Together with the NASF team, the occupational therapist can facilitate health education activities not only with the population itself, but also with professionals from the Family Health Unit.

Unnatural death in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Basant Kumar Panda ◽  
Udaya S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population

Abstract Rising adult mortality is an essential feature of the mortality transition. Vulnerability to disease and infection decreases with age, and adult mortality is more likely to be from unnatural causes such as suicide, homicide and road traffic accidents. This study aimed to assess the patterns of unnatural deaths in India as a whole and for various population subgroups. Data were obtained from the fourth wave of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) conducted in 2015–16 in 29 states and 7 union territories of India. The survey collected information on deaths in households occurring in the 3 years before the survey. Rate of unnatural mortality and years of life lost were calculated separately for males and females as well as for urban and rural populations. Unnatural mortality in India was found to make up 10.3% of total deaths, and was greater among the population aged 10 to 45 years. The unnatural mortality rate in India was 0.67 per 1000 population: 0.84 per 1000 among the male population and 0.49 per 1000 among the female population. A strict positive association was found between the unnatural mortality rate and a state’s development level. In addition, a substantial loss of person-years of life due to unnatural mortality was observed. The results serve as a reminder of the need to adopt measures to reduce this avoidable loss of life in India. Prevention strategies should be targeted at the most vulnerable populations to limit young-age fatality, with its resulting loss of productive years of life.

Cost-effectiveness of fracture prevention treatments in the elderly

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael L. Fleurence
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Fracture Prevention ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Hip Protectors ◽  
The United Kingdom

Objectives:The cost-effectiveness of fracture prevention treatments (vitamin D and calcium and hip protectors) in male and female populations older than seventy years of age in the United-Kingdom was investigated.Methods:A Markov model was developed to follow up, over lifetime, a hypothetical cohort of males and females at high-risk and general risk of fracture. Patients could sustain hip, wrist, vertebral, and/or other fractures. Fracture rates were obtained from population surveys in the United Kingdom. Effectiveness and quality of life data were identified from the clinical literature. Costs were those incurred by the UK National Health Service, and were obtained from several published sources. Uncertainty was explored through probabilistic sensitivity analysis.Results:In the general-risk female (male) population, the incremental cost per Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) was $11,722 ($47,426) for hip protectors. In the male high-risk population, the incremental cost per QALY was $17,017 for hip protectors. In the female high-risk population, hip protectors were cost-saving. Vitamin D and calcium alone was dominated by hip protectors in all four subgroups.Conclusions:Current information available on interventions to prevent fractures in the elderly in the United Kingdom, suggests that, at the decision-maker's ceiling ratio of $20,000 per QALY, hip protectors are cost-effective in the general female population and high-risk male population, and cost-saving in the high-risk female population, despite the low compliance rate with the treatment.

scholarly journals MENOPAUSE (RAJO NIVRUTTI) AND OBESITY (STHOULYA) - A CRITICAL REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (11) ◽  
pp. 5115-5120
Author(s):  
Usha K S ◽  
Gurdip Singh
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Female Population

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the recent years. Modern lifestyle and dietary habits often take the blame for its rise. Obesity acts as a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, hypertension. Obesity is also outcome of many changes in the body. One of the causes of obesity in female population is menopause. Since menopause brings along with it a plethora of ailments, obesity is treated as any other lifestyle disorder. There is a need to study Sthoulya (obesity) through the aetiological factor mentioned by Charaka as Javoparodha or explained by Chakrapani as Jaroparodha- early onset of old age. There is an urgent need to treat obesity from the per-spective of menopause. Menopause can occur at any age from 45-55 years. But the aftereffects of meno-pause may persist well into the age of 65-70 years. In the next decade there will be a rise in the geriatric population by 56% in the world. In India geriatric population will be 12.5% of the total population. Ac-cording to the national census of 2011in India, there are 53 million females in the elderly population com-pared to the male population of 51 million. The female geriatric population may have a completely differ-ent set of ailments compared to that of male geriatric population. Hence Sthoulya due to menopause should be considered a separate disease entity and the management should be that of hormonal rehabilitation than just replacement.

Atuação do programa de educação para o trabalho-pet saúde da família: avaliação multidisciplinar do estado nutricional de escolares

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Jenefer Garcez Alexandre ◽  
Mileni Henedi Lemos ◽  
Synthia Ferreira Campos ◽  
Denise Dargelio Levy ◽  
Ivonete Teresinha Schulter Buss Heideman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Paulo Freire ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Work Family

Resumo: A obesidade e o sobrepeso são considerados hoje uma epidemia mundial. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 9 e 14 anos com potencial alteração no grau de nutrição. Realizou-se um estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa articulado com a metodologia de Paulo Freire. Foram coletados dados antropométricos e realizadas oito visitas domiciliares, utilizando-se um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Os resultados foram agrupados em três categorias para análise. Conclui-se que a maior parte das crianças e adolescentes não tem hábitos alimentares saudáveis e que praticam atividade física com baixa frequência.Palavras-Chave: Saúde da Família, Educação em Saúde, Obesidade, Promoção da Saúde.Acting of the Education Program for Work-Family Health PET: multidisciplinary assessment of the nutritional status of schoolchildrenAbstract: Obesity and overweight are now considered a global epidemic. The objective of this study was to identify children and adolescents aged 9 to 14 years with a potential alteration in the degree of nutrition. We carried out an exploratory and descriptive quantitative and qualitative approach with the methodology articulated by Paulo Freire. Anthropometric data were collected and made eight home visits using a semistructured interview guide. The results were grouped into three categories for analysis. We conclude that most children and teens do not have healthy eating habits and physical activity practice with low frequency.Keywords: Family Health, Health Education, Obesity, Health Promotion.Actuación del Programa de Educación para el Trabajo- PET Salud de la Familia: Evaluación Multidisciplinar del Estado Nutricional de Escolares.Resumen: El objetivo deste estudio fue identificar los niños y adolescentes con edad entre 9 y 14 años con potencial alteración en el grado de nutrición. Se realizo un estudio exploratorio y discriptivo con abordagen cuantitativa y cualitativa articulado con la metodología de Paulo Freire. Fue colectado dados antropometricos, y después clasificados según el gráfico de la WHO (2007) fuerón realizados ocho visitas domiciliares se utilizando un guión de entrevista semiestruturado. Los resultados fuerón agrupados en tres categorías para análisis. Se percibió que la mayor parte de los niños y adolescentes no tienen hábitos alimentares saludables y que pratican activdades físicas con baja frecuencia. Palabras Clave: Salud en la Familia, Educación en Salud, Obesidad, Promoción de la salud.

scholarly journals To Establish A Normal Range of Inter-Incisal Opening - A Study of 756 Subjects of Age Group 20-50 Years in Yamunanagar City, Haryana.

2013 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-003
Author(s):  
Aruna Singh ◽  
Nymphea Pandit ◽  
Monica Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Average Maximum

Abstract Aim- 1. The aim of this study was to investigate the average maximum range of inter-incisal mouth opening in a representative sample of the adult subjects of Haryana. 2. To see any correlation between maximal inter-incisal opening with age. Methods- Maximum mouth opening was studied in 756 adult subjects with age range of 20-50 years in Yamunanagar, Haryana. Age limit was further divided into three groups (20-30, 31-40, 41-50). Those with clinical history of TMJ involvement, OSMF, any trauma, odontogenic and non-odontogenic infections, dental prosthesis on the anterior teeth, congenital anomalies in the maxillofacial region were excluded from this study. The measurements were recorded twice and mean of the two values were taken. Statistical Analysis- Independent sample t-test was calculated to compare age and mouth opening in both male and females respectively. Bivariate pearson correlation was used to see any relationship between age and mouth opening. P-value ≤ 0.05 and CI (confidence interval) at 95% were considered statistically significant. The Results- The average mouth opening of males (45.36±6.70 mm) subjects was higher as compared to female (41.27 ± 6.75 mm) with significant, p-value 0.000. The mean mouth opening ± SD for both sexes combined was 43.39 ± 7.02 mm. The corresponding values for mean inter-incisal opening in male population aged 20-30, 31-40, 41-50 were 45.52 ± 7.15, 46.16 ± 5.47, 42.96 ± 6.82 mm and in female population aged 20-30, 31-40, 41-50 were 41.40 ± 7.08, 41.60 ± 6.29 and 40.03 ± 6.38 mm respectively. Conclusion- Maximal mouth opening differ significantly with gender. There is a decrease in MMO with older age group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document