scholarly journals Participants Attrition in a Longitudinal Study: The Malaysian Cohort Study Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7216
Author(s):  
Noraidatulakma Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Arman Kamaruddin ◽  
Ying-Xian Goh ◽  
Raihannah Othman ◽  
Andri Dauni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Study Participation ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Study Experience

The attrition rate of longitudinal study participation remains a challenge. To date, the Malaysian Cohort (TMC) study follow-up rate was only 42.7%. This study objective is to identify the cause of attrition among TMC participants and the measures to curb it. A total of 19,343 TMC participants from Kuala Lumpur and Selangor that was due for follow-up were studied. The two most common attrition reasons are undergoing medical treatment at another government or private health center (7.0%) and loss of interest in participating in the TMC project (5.1%). Those who were inclined to drop out were mostly Chinese, aged 50 years and above, unemployed, and had comorbidities during the baseline recruitment. We have also contacted 2183 participants for the home recruitment follow-up, and about 10.9% agreed to join. Home recruitment slightly improved the overall follow-up rate from 42.7% to 43.5% during the three-month study period.

scholarly journals Time trends and predictors of mortality from ill-defined causes in old age: 9 year folllow-up of the Bambuí cohort study (Brazil)

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa ◽  
Divane Leite Matos ◽  
Ruy Laurenti ◽  
Maria Helena Prado de Mello-Jorge ◽  
Cibele Comini Cesar
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Calendar Period ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Hospital Deaths

The study objective was to examine differentials in time trends and predictors of deaths assigned to symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions in comparison with other ill-defined conditions (ill-defined cardiovascular diseases, cancer and injury) in a population-based cohort study. Of 1,606 baseline participants aged 60 years and over, 524 died during 9-year follow-up and were included in this study. Deaths coded to "symptoms" declined by 77% in the period from 1997-1999 to 2003-2005. Deaths coded to other ill-defined conditions remained unchanged. The calendar period 2003-2005 (RR = 0.25; 95%CI: 0.09-0.70) and in-hospital deaths (RR = 0.16; 95%CI: 0.08-0.34) were independently associated with "symptoms", but not with other ill-defined conditions. Baseline socio-demographic characteristics and chronic diseases were not predictors of these outcomes. International and national agencies have focused on the reduction of deaths assigned to "symptoms" to improve the registration of vital statistics, while other ill-defined conditions have received little attention. Our data provide evidence supporting the need to redress this situation.

What Antipsychotic is More Effective? Pafip Three Years Longitudinal Study Comparing Haloperidol, Risperidone, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Ziprasidone and Aripiprazole

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S81-S81
Author(s):  
M. Gomez Revuelta ◽  
P. Alonso Alvarez ◽  
J.L. Garcia Egea ◽  
M. Juncal Ruiz ◽  
O. Porta Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
First Psychotic Episode ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Early Intervention In Psychosis ◽  
Prevention Of Relapse

IntroductionEarly stages after a first psychotic episode (FEP) are crucial for the prognosis of the disease. Those patients who drop out of treatment after a FEP show a significant increase in their vulnerability to relapse. Relapses associated a greater risk of neurotoxicity, chronicity, hospitalization, decrease of response to the treatment, increase of burden and functional decline.ObjectivesTo determine what antipsychotic is more effective in the prevention of relapse after a first psychotic episode.Material and methodsPAFIP is an assistance program focused on early intervention in psychosis. Between January 2001 and January 2011, 255 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to treatment with haloperidol (n = 48), olanzapine (n = 41), risperidone (n = 44), quetiapine (n = 34), ziprasidone (n = 38) and aripiprazole (n = 50). We compared the rates of relapse and remission reached by haloperidol, olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, ziprasidone and quetiapine during a 3-year follow-up. All of the patients were antipsychotic naives at the beginning of the treatment.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in regard to the rate of clinical remission. Patients assigned to the groups of aripiprazole, olanzapine and risperidone presented a solid trend to a significantly inferior rate of discontinuation for any reason since the beginning of the treatment.ConclusionsThese data point to a greater protection against relapse and a likely better prognosis related to the use of aripiprazole, Olanzapine and risperidone.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals FRI0231 TREATMENT OF DIGITAL ULCERS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 699.1-699
Author(s):  
S. H. Chang ◽  
J. B. Jun ◽  
Y. J. Lee ◽  
T. Y. Kang ◽  
Y. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Digital Ulcers ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background:Digital ulcer (DU) is a common clinical manifestation in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). About 70% of patients with SSc experience DUs during the first 10 years, which limit daily activities and may result in digital gangrene or amputation. Several vasoactive/vasodilating agents have been suggested for treatment, but few studies have compared the efficacy of those drugs.Objectives:The objective of our study was to compare the efficacy of medical treatment for SSc related-DUs, focusing on on endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5inh).Methods:In this prospective observational cohort study, we recruited patients who had one or more active SSc-related DUs and newly started or changed a medical treatment for SSc-related DUs from 13 medical centers in South Korea. The primary outcome was to compare the time to resolution of cardinal DU (CU) according to the treatments. The secondary outcomes included changes in the size or number of CU and changes in the number of DUs. CU was defined as the most clinically significant DU chosen by the investigators. Patients were followed up at every 4 weeks after enrollment until 12 weeks and finally at 24 weeks.Results:Seventy-one patients were enrolled. Seven patients were excluded due to follow-up loss or withdrawal of consent. A total of 64 patients were analyzed. Seventy-eight percent (n=50) were female. The mean age at enrollment was 49.6 ± 11.6 year-old, and the mean disease duration was 7.1 ± 5.9 years. Twenty-eights pateitns (43.8%) were limited SSc. Forty-nine patients (n=76.6%) started ERA treatment (bosentan=49). Eleven patients (17.2%) started PDE5inh treatment (n=9 for sildenafil, n=1 for udenafil, and n=1 for tadalafil). Four patients who started medication other than ERA or PDE5inh classified as other treatment groups. Seventeen patients (26.6%) were on background calcium channel blockers (CCBs). CU healed in 25 patients (39.1%) at 12 weeks and 43 patients (67.2%) at 24 weeks. The mean time to heal CUs were 54.4 ± 22.7 days at 12 weeks and 91.6 ± 49.2 days at 24 weeks. Time to heal CU was comparable among patients on ERA, PDE5inh, and others (p=0.53, figure 1). The CU area was comparable among the three groups at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks. The mean area of CU in patients on ERA at baseline at 12, and 24 weeks was 21.3±19.4 mm2, 8.2±14.6 mm2, and 4.6±7.7 mm2, respectively. The mean area of CU in patients with PDE5inh at baseline at 12, and 24 weeks was 26.2±28.1 mm2, 3.5±3.6 mm2, and 1.3±4.3 mm2. New DUs developed in 4 patients (8.3%) in ERA, whereas 4 patients (40.0%) in PDE5inh at 4 weeks. The use of ERA was significantly associated with less new DUs development than the use of PDE5inh at 4 weeks follow-up (RR for developing new DU patients on ERA, 0.21; 95% CI 0.06-0.70; p=0.02) At 24 weeks follow-up, none of the patients on CCB developed new DUs.Conclusion:The time to heal CU for ERA and PDEinh users was comparable in the current study. ERA treatment was associated with reduced new DU occurrence compared with PDE5inh treatment. None of the patients with CCB treatment developed new DU development at 24 weeks.Acknowledgments:This study was supported by Handok Pharmaceutical Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.Disclosure of Interests:Sung Hae Chang: None declared, Jae-Bum Jun Grant/research support from: Clinical trials; Corbus, JW Pharmaceutical, Speakers bureau: SK Chemical, Yun Jong Lee: None declared, Tae Young Kang: None declared, Yongbeom Park: None declared, Seung-Geun Lee: None declared, Shin-Seok Lee: None declared, Eun Bong Lee: None declaredFigure 1

scholarly journals Presence of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding in babies born in Lima, Peru: a longitudinal study

CoDAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Soares Rech ◽  
Bertha Angélica Chávez ◽  
Pili Berrios Fernandez ◽  
Daniel Demétrio Faustino da Silva ◽  
Juliana Balbinot Hilgert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Referral Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the lingual frenulum and breastfeeding in infants from a maternal-perinatal referral center, as well as to monitor infants with ankyloglossia up to six months of age. Methods: a cohort study conducted at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal - Maternidad de Lima in Lima, Peru. The consecutive intentional sample consisted of 304 newborns and their respective mothers, evaluated during December 2017 and January 2018, which were the baseline of the study. A clinical evaluation of the lingual frenulum adapted and the Clinical Evaluation of Breastfeeding Efficacy (CEBE) scale, was performed. Results: of the 304 newborns, 15 (4.9%) were considered with altered frenulum, and only 4 (26.7%) presented a low score in CEBE. The mean of the CEBE score was 9.3. (DP=1.35, Min=3, Max=10). Of the follow-up infants, only 2 (13.3%) persisted with breastfeeding difficulties for which frenotomy was indicated. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the low prevalence of ankyloglossia in infants, as it does not indicate a trend of difficulty or negative interference in breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Using Facebook to Maximize Follow-Up Response Rates in a Longitudinal Study of Adults who use Methamphetamine

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. SART.S8485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Bolanos ◽  
Diane Herbeck ◽  
Dayna Christou ◽  
Katherine Lovinger ◽  
Aurora Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Study Participation ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Cognitive Problems

This study examines the process and effects of using facebook (FB) to locate and re-contact study participants targeted for follow up in a longitudinal study of adult methamphetamine users (N = 649). A follow-up interview was conducted in 2009–11 approximately 8 years after previous study participation. Our paper describes re-contact efforts involving FB, including IRB regulatory issues and the effectiveness of using FB compared to mailings and phone calls. A total of 48 of the 551 surviving non-incarcerated participants who agreed to be contacted for follow up studies were contacted via FB, of whom 11 completed the follow-up interview. Those contacted through FB were more likely to be younger, female, relocated out-of-state, and reported somewhat higher rates of anxiety and cognitive problems compared to those not located on FB. Although participants contacted through FB are likely to differ demographically from those contacted by phone or mail, FB provides a potentially effective means to expand conventional methods of correspondence for contacting hard to reach participants.

scholarly journals Bidirectional relations between cognitive function and oral health in ageing persons: a longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Kang ◽  
Bei Wu ◽  
David Bunce ◽  
Mark Ide ◽  
Vishal R Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
Bidirectional Relations

Abstract Background evidence suggests a reciprocal relationship between cognitive function (CF) and oral health (OH), but no study has demonstrated this inter-relationship in a longitudinal population. Objective to investigate the bidirectional relationship between CF and OH in an ageing cohort. Design cohort study. Setting general community. Subjects participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Methods OH, measured by teeth status, self-reported OH and OH-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and CFs were collected at three time points in 2006/07, 2010/11 and 2014/15. Cross-lagged structural equation models were used to investigate the association between CF and OH, adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results 5477 individuals (56.4% women) were included (mean age = 63.1 years at 2006/07, 67.2 at 2010/11 and 70.4 at 2014/15, SD = 8.9) in analyses. The average CF score was 46.5(SD = 12.3) at baseline and 41.2 (SD = 13.4) at follow-up. 3350 (61.2%) participants had natural teeth only and 622 (11.2%) were edentulous. In the fully adjusted model, better cognition at baseline was associated with better OH at follow-up (beta coefficient = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01–0.03); conversely better OH at baseline predicted better cognition (beta coefficient = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.06–0.18). Similar magnitude and direction of the reciprocal association was evident between cognition and OHRQoL. Conclusions This is the first longitudinal study to demonstrate the positive reciprocal association between CF and OH. The findings suggest the importance of maintaining both good CF and OH in old age.

scholarly journals Stroke Recurrence in First-Ever Symptomatic Carotid Web: A Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Stephane Olindo ◽  
Nicolas Chausson ◽  
Aissatou Signate ◽  
Sylvie Mecharles ◽  
Jean-Luc Hennequin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Stroke Recurrence ◽  
Symptomatic Carotid ◽  
Cumulative Rate ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic

Background and Purpose Carotid web (CaW) is an intimal variant of fibromuscular dysplasia responsible for ipsilateral cerebral ischemic events (CIE). Symptomatic CaW likely has a high risk of recurrent CIE, but no salient prospective data are available. We aimed to assess recurrence rate and its predictors after a first-ever CIE.Methods Consecutive Afro-Caribbean patients who had cryptogenic first-ever CIEs (ischemic stroke [IS] or transient ischemic attack [TIA]) associated with ipsilateral CaW were included in this multicenter observational cohort study. The follow-up (January 2008 to March 2019) focused on CIE recurrences. Kaplan-Meier method assessed rates of recurrences and Cox proportional hazards regression analyzed risk factors.Results Ninety-two patients (79 first-ever ISs and 13 TIAs; mean age±standard deviation, 49.8±9.9 years; 52 [56.5%] women) were included. During a mean follow-up of 50.5±29.6 months, 19 (20.7%) patients experienced recurrent ipsilateral CIEs (16 ISs and three TIAs). Of 23 patients receiving surgery/stenting treatment, no recurrence occurred after the intervention (median follow-up, 39.8 months [interquartile range, 27.6 to 72.4]). Under medical treatment alone, the annual recurrent CIE rate was 6.9%, and the cumulative rate was 4.4% at 30-day, 10.8% at 1-year, 19.8% at 2-year, 23.2% at 3-year, and 27.3% at 5-year. Presence of silent cerebral infarctions was the only independent risk factor of CIE recurrences (hazard ratio, 6.99; 95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 20.4; <i>P</i>=0.004).Conclusions Under medical treatment alone, symptomatic CaW was associated with a high rate of recurrence that reached 27.3% at 5-year. Surgery/stenting seems to be efficient, and randomized control trials are required to confirm the benefit of these interventions.

OUTCOMES OF FFR-GUIDED PCI IN INTERMEDIATE CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Dang Duy Quang Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thuy Phuong Cao ◽  
Le Xuan Ngo ◽  
Ngoc Son Nguyen ◽  
Anh Binh Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indication For Treatment

Background: Indication for treatment of intermediate coronary artery lesions is wavering. Worldwide studies showed the role of FFR in guiding the treatment for these cases. Objective: To study the outcomes of FFR-guided PCI in intermediate coronary artery lesions. Method: Cohort study with comparative analysis of 12-month MACE between two groups: Medical treatment with FFR > 0.8 and PCI with FFR ≤ 0.8. Results: 40 stenosis lesions with FFR ≤ 0.8 (57.14%) was treated by PCI and 30 stenosis lesions with FFR > 0.8 treated by medical therapy. The percentage stenotic diameter cut-off was >55.62% on QCA with Sp 60% and Se 75%. There was no significant difference in MACE between two groups after 12-month follow-up. Conclusions: FFR has important role in guiding treatment for intermediate coronary artery lesions. Key words: ffR-guided, coronary arery

scholarly journals P354 Early treatment versus active surveillance after ileocolic resection in Crohn’s disease: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S373-S374
Author(s):  
S Haenen ◽  
J Sabino ◽  
G Bislenghi ◽  
A D’Hoore ◽  
M Ferrante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Refractory Disease ◽  
Ileocolic Resection ◽  
Indication For Surgery ◽  
Wait And See

Abstract Background Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) often require ileocolic resection (ICR) due to refractory disease or disease-related complications, such as intestinal strictures, enteric fistulae or intra-abdominal abscesses. Up to 70% of patients will develop new endoscopic lesions in the neoterminal ileum within the first year after surgery. We assessed if the timing of postoperative treatment can reduce postoperative recurrence (POR) rate. Methods We performed a retrospective, single-center observational cohort study in a tertiary hospital. All CD patients undergoing abdominal surgery from January 1st 2015 until June 30th 2019 were screened. Patients with CD who underwent ileocolic resection with ileocolic anastomosis were included. Depending on the postoperative management patients were divided in two groups: “wait and see” if medical treatment was not initiated before endoscopic evaluation 6 months after surgery (n=109), “treat” if medical treatment was initiated directly after surgery (n=49). Patients whose postoperative follow-up occurred in another center were excluded. Data were collected by review of the electronic medical charts and included patient demographics, disease characteristics (Montreal classification), medication, indication for surgery and POR assessment. POR was defined as clinical (PRO2 pain &gt;1 or loose stool frequency &gt;1.5), endoscopic (Rutgeerts score &gt; i2a) or radiologic (disease activity on MR enterography necessitating treatment). Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. Results In total 158 patients met the inclusion criteria: 109 patients in the “wait and see” group and 49 in the “treat” group. The main baseline characteristics of the cohorts are summarized in figure 1. The main indication for surgery was stricturing disease in both groups (69.7% and 65.3%) followed by penetrating disease (42.2% and 24.5%) and refractory disease (6.4% and 20.4%). Postoperative management did not significantly influence the risk for POR (figure 2). The same was also observed in patients with known risk factors for POR (figure 3). Patients with a high body mass index (&gt;25 kg/m²) had a significant greater risk for developing POR (HR 1.65, CI 1.09-2.5, p=0.019; figure 4). Conclusion There was no statistical significant difference in POR between immediate treatment after ICR and active surveillance with endoscopy 6 months after surgery. Prospective randomized trials with long follow-up are needed to further explore the use of adjuvant postoperative treatment to prevent POR.

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