scholarly journals Presence of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding in babies born in Lima, Peru: a longitudinal study

CoDAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Soares Rech ◽  
Bertha Angélica Chávez ◽  
Pili Berrios Fernandez ◽  
Daniel Demétrio Faustino da Silva ◽  
Juliana Balbinot Hilgert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Referral Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the lingual frenulum and breastfeeding in infants from a maternal-perinatal referral center, as well as to monitor infants with ankyloglossia up to six months of age. Methods: a cohort study conducted at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal - Maternidad de Lima in Lima, Peru. The consecutive intentional sample consisted of 304 newborns and their respective mothers, evaluated during December 2017 and January 2018, which were the baseline of the study. A clinical evaluation of the lingual frenulum adapted and the Clinical Evaluation of Breastfeeding Efficacy (CEBE) scale, was performed. Results: of the 304 newborns, 15 (4.9%) were considered with altered frenulum, and only 4 (26.7%) presented a low score in CEBE. The mean of the CEBE score was 9.3. (DP=1.35, Min=3, Max=10). Of the follow-up infants, only 2 (13.3%) persisted with breastfeeding difficulties for which frenotomy was indicated. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the low prevalence of ankyloglossia in infants, as it does not indicate a trend of difficulty or negative interference in breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalisma Andrea Giraldo ◽  
José Luis Castro ◽  
Maria Ana Tovar-Sanchez ◽  
Annora A. Kumar ◽  
Sara G. Pacichana-Quinayaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Referral Center ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Objectives: To determine the incidence and characteristics of newly injured individuals admitted to a traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) referral center during a 4-year period.Setting: University Hospital of Valle, Cali, Colombia.Methods: Individuals were identified, and their data was recorded based on the International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set. The outcome of interest was the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade at last follow-up.Results: There were 491 individuals admitted in the 4-year period. The mean annual incidence of TSCI was 56.27 per million inhabitants. Considering TSCI in individuals exclusively from Cali, the mean annual incidence was 27.78 per million. The leading cause of TSCI was interpersonal violence (47.25%) and falls (33.60%). There was a 96.52% (p<0.0001) correlation between AIS grade at admission and last follow-up. The most common AIS grade at last follow-up was E (34.01%) caused mostly by falls (57.48%), followed by A (31.16%) caused mostly by interpersonal violence (76.27%). The reported employment rate dropped from 75.56% to 18.94% before and after TSCI (p<0.05). AIS grade A was associated with more post-injury complications (p<0.05).Conclusions: This is the first cohort study in Colombia describing the incidence and AIS grades of individuals with TSCI from a trauma referral center. Interpersonal violence was overrepresented in this population. Future research should include the evaluation of prevention strategies, as well as research on interventions towards quality improvement in patient care and post discharge services especially for individuals with AIS grade A.

scholarly journals Real-world effectiveness of app-based treatment for urinary incontinence: a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040819
Author(s):  
Pontus Rygh ◽  
Ina Asklund ◽  
Eva Samuelsson
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
International Consultation ◽  
The Mean

ObjectivesThe efficacy of app-based treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been demonstrated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). In this study, we investigate the user characteristics and the effectiveness of the same app when freely available, and compare these results with the RCT.DesignProspective cohort study.ParticipantsDuring a 17-month period, 24 602 non-pregnant, non-postpartum women older than 18 years downloaded the app and responded anonymously to a questionnaire. Of these, 2672 (11%) responded to the 3-month follow-up.InterventionThree months’ use of the app Tät, containing information, a pelvic floor muscle training programme and lifestyle advice.Main outcome measuresChange in symptom severity (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF)) and subjective improvement (Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I)).ResultsOf the respondents, 88% lived in Sweden and 75% (18 384/24 602) were incontinent with a mean age of 45.5 (SD 14.1) years. The UI types, based on symptoms, were SUI (53%), urgency UI (12%), mixed UI (31%) and undefined (4%). The mean ICIQ-UI SF score was 8.2 (SD 4.0) at baseline. The mean ICIQ-UI SF score reduction at follow-up was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.44) with a larger reduction in those with more severe incontinence at baseline (severe/very severe 3.23 (95% CI: 2.85 to 3.61), moderate 1.41 (95% CI: 1.24 to 1.59) and slight 0.24 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.42). When the results were weighted to match the distribution of severity in the RCT, the ICIQ-UI SF score reduction was 2.2 compared with 3.9 in the RCT. Regarding PGI-I, 65% experienced improvement compared with 92% in the RCT.ConclusionsThe app Tät was effective for self-management of UI even in the real world. Although the reduction in incontinence symptoms was less than in the RCT, two-thirds of the users improved. App-based treatment reaches many women without requiring resources from ordinary healthcare services.

Blepharochalasis:Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics, Surgical Strategy and Prognosis-- A Retrospective Cohort Study with 93 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiong Zhou ◽  
Jingwen Ding ◽  
dongmei li
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Acute Attack ◽  
Surgical Strategy ◽  
Lacrimal Gland Prolapse ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background: Blepharochalasis is a rare eyelid disorder but eventually leading to destructive eyelid deformation. Until now the clinical and epidemiological data is unavailable. This study aimed o report the manifestations, epidemiological characteristics and surgical strategy of a large series of blepharochalasis patients with long-term follow up, the prognosis of different clinical deformities was also investigated. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study, included consecutive patients diagnosed with blepharochalasis in a single center. Blepharoplasty and other surgical approaches were scheduled according to the various manifestations, after a 2-year quiescent period with no recurrent attacks and exacerbation of lesions. Prognosis after surgery was recorded.Results: A total of 93 patients, with a mean follow-up of 5.29±2.07 (range: 3-10) years before surgery, and 2(range:1-4) years follow-up after surgery were included. Of all those 93 patients, 72.04% were females (67, P=0.02 ). The mean age of onset of blepharochalasis symptoms was 10.09±3.32 (range: 5-16) years, mostly (83.87%) consisted with the onset of the puberty. With the average of 5 times per year, the mean duration of each acute attack was 28.12±1.01 (rang: 2-192)hours. The mean duration from the onset of acute attack to the quiescent stage lasted for 7.33 ± 2.05 (range: 4-10) years. Most of the cases (88, 94.62%) had more than one manifestation at the end of the last follow-up before surgery. Ptosis (48.39%) was the most common deformity. Followed by lacrimal gland prolapse (44.09%), canthal angle deformity(29.04%), lower eyelid retraction(17.20%). After surgery, the functional and cosmetically acceptable results were achieved in all patients except for overcorrection in 5 (11.90%) patients with ptosis. The lacrimal gland prolapse recurred in two (4.00%) patients at 29 and 36 months after surgery. Conclusions: Blepharochalasis is rare but mostly occurred in adolescent females. The process from the onset to the stable stage usually lasted for about 7 years, might be associated with the onset of puberty. Surgical management of clinical manifestations after at least 2-year follow-up period of quiescence would be appropriate in order to observe a great plastic effect, low overcorrection and recurrence rate.

scholarly journals Incidence of Tuberculosis in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: Results from a Lithuanian Retrospective Cohort Study

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Dalia Miltinienė ◽  
Giedrė Deresevičienė ◽  
Birutė Nakčerienė ◽  
Valerija Edita Davidavičienė ◽  
Edvardas Danila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Background and objective: With an increase in survival rates among rheumatic patients, comorbidities and infections, in particular, have gained more importance, especially after the introduction of biologicals to the treatment algorithms. Tuberculosis (TB) infection has always been given a special attention in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD). Although Lithuanian population has one of the highest TB incidence rates among European countries, the incidence of TB in the rheumatic patients’ population is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence rate of TB in an inflammatory RD retrospective cohort and to compare that rate with a rate in a general population. Material and Methods: Patients with the first-time diagnosis of inflammatory RD during the period between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017 were identified from the Lithuanian Compulsory Health Insurance Information System database SVEIDRA. All cases were cross-checked with Health Information center at the Institute of Hygiene, for the vital status of these patients and date of death if the fact of death was documented, and with Tuberculosis Register operated by Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, for the confirmation of TB cases. Sex and age standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated by dividing the observed numbers of TB among rheumatic patients by the expected number of cases, calculated using national rates from Lithuanian Department of Statistics Official Statistics website. Results: Overall, 8779 patients with newly diagnosed RD were identified during the 2013–2017 period, these included 458 patients who used biological disease modifying drugs (bDMARDs). The mean duration of the follow-up period was 2.71 years. The cohort consisted mainly of women (70%) and a half of the cohort were rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (53%). Mean age of patients at the time of RD diagnosis was 56 years (range = 18–97 years). There were 9 TB cases identified during 23,800 person years of follow-up: 2 cases among them were treated with bDMARDs. The mean calculated annual TB incidence in RD cohort was 37.81 per 100,000 person years, which is consistent with the incidence rate predicted by national estimates, with a resultant SIR of 0.90 (0.41–1.70). The unadjusted hazard ratio for bDMARD use versus no bDMARD use was 4.54 (0.94; 21.87) in a total cohort and very similar in rheumatoid arthritis cohort; in both cohorts, it was not a statistically significant risk. Conclusions: Here, we present the first nationwide cohort study to assess the incidence of TB in a broad spectrum of inflammatory RD. Although limited by short follow-up period, this study shows that TB incidence in RD cohort does not exceed TB incidence in the general Lithuanian population.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Arthropathy Change of the Lateral Side of Subtalar Joint After Calcaneal Fracture Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0021
Author(s):  
Naohiro Hio ◽  
Atsushi Hasegawa ◽  
Satoshi Monden ◽  
Masanori Taki ◽  
Kazuhiko Tsunoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Subtalar Joint ◽  
Calcaneal Fracture ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Anterolateral Approach ◽  
Sinus Tarsi Approach ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
The Mean

Category: Hindfoot, Trauma Introduction/Purpose: As a result of arthropathy change on the lateral side of subtalar joint after intra-articular calcaneal fracture, the secondary disorders such as pain or restricted range of motion occasionally occur. The purpose of this study is to examine factors that cause such arthropathy change. Methods: We divided 23 joints into two groups according to arthropathy change of the lateral side of subtalar joint: the existence of such arthropathy (O) group included 8 joints, the absence of arthropathy (N) group included 15 joints. The patients’ mean age at the time of surgery were 49.1 years and 54.9 years respectively, and the mean follow-up period were 16.1 months and 12.4 months respectively. The anterolateral approach or the sinus tarsi approach was used for both groups, and the medial approach was combined as needed. The fixing materials were a plate or screws, and in some cases, staples and Kirschner wires were used in combination. We assessed Sanders classification, postoperative clinical evaluation using Creighton-Nebraska scale, and the width, height and dislocation of subtalar joint surface of calcaneus. Results: The breakdown of the Sanders classification is as follows: N group consists of 3 joints of type 2A, 7 of type 2B, 3 of type 2C, 1 of type 3BC, 1 of type 4. O group consists of 5 joints of type 2A, 2 of type 2B, 1 of type 2C. The proportion occupied by Sanders classification type 2A in O group was larger than in N group. The average of the postoperative clinical evaluation was 94.9points in N group, 86.9points in O group. In postoperative image evaluation, the mean width in the was 106.2% in N group, 117.1% in O group, the mean dislocation of the subtalar joint surface was 0.4 mm in N group and 1.1 mm in O group. Conclusion: It was suggested that Sanders type 2A and the residual dislocation of the subtalar joint surface may be a cause of arthropathy change on the lateral side of subtalar joint.

First Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis After Failed Distal Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus

2020 ◽  
pp. 107110072096883
Author(s):  
Maria Tiscar Garcia-Ortiz ◽  
Jose Juan Talavera-Gosalbez ◽  
Lorena Moril-Peñalver ◽  
Maria Dolores Fernandez-Ruiz ◽  
Carolina Alonso-Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hallux Rigidus ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Plate Removal ◽  
The Mean

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes after first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint arthrodesis for hallux rigidus between patients who underwent primary arthrodesis and those who had had a prior surgery for hallux valgus. Methods: Our design was a retrospective cohort study comparing 29 patients who underwent primary arthrodesis (primary group) and 34 patients with hallux rigidus after hallux valgus surgery (secondary group). The clinical assessment included the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Radiological evaluation was also performed. Overall, the mean postoperative follow-up was 3.4 (range, 2-5) years. Results: At final follow-up, AOFAS and VAS pain scores significantly improved in both groups ( P = .001). However, the mean AOFAS ( P = .001) and VAS pain ( P = .008) scores were significantly better in the primary group than in the secondary group. Radiologically, there were no significant differences between the groups in any angle after arthrodesis. Revision surgeries were not required in the primary group. In the secondary group, there was 1 revision due to deep infection, and 3 other patients required dorsal plate removal. Excluding plate removal, the Kaplan-Meier survival at 3 years was not significantly different between groups ( P = .775). Conclusion: Although arthrodesis of the first MTP joint was an effective procedure for hallux rigidus, the clinical outcomes in patients who had prior hallux valgus surgery were worse than those for patients who underwent primary surgery for hallux rigidus. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.

scholarly journals Cost of Living with Parkinson’s Disease over 12 Months in Australia: A Prospective Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalika Bohingamu Mudiyanselage ◽  
Jennifer J. Watts ◽  
Julie Abimanyi-Ochom ◽  
Lisa Lane ◽  
Anna T. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Medicare Data ◽  
The Mean

Background. Parkinson disease (PD) is a costly chronic condition in terms of managing both motor and nonmotor symptoms. The burden of disease is high for individuals, caregivers, and the health system. The aim of this study is to estimate the annual cost of PD from the household, health system, and societal perspectives. Methods. A prospective cohort study of newly referred people with PD to a specialist PD clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Participants completed baseline and monthly health resource use questionnaires and Medicare data were collected over 12 months. Results. 87 patients completed the 12-month follow-up assessments. The mean annual cost per person to the health care system was $32,556 AUD. The burden to society was an additional $45,000 per annum per person with PD. The largest component of health system costs were for hospitalisation (69% of total costs). The costs for people with moderate to severe disease were almost 4 times those with mild PD ($63,569 versus $17,537 p<0.001). Conclusion. PD is associated with significant costs to individuals and to society. Costs escalated with disease severity suggesting that the burden to society is likely to grow with the increasing disease prevalence that is associated with population ageing.

scholarly journals Association between the Use of Backpack and Static Foot Posture in Schoolchildren with Static Pronated Foot Posture: A 36-Month Cohort Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Pilar Alfageme-García ◽  
Julián Fernando Calderón-García ◽  
Alfonso Martínez-Nova ◽  
Sonia Hidalgo-Ruiz ◽  
Belinda Basilio-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Schoolchildren often spend a lot of time carrying a backpack with school equipment, which can be very heavy. The impact a backpack may have on the pronated feet of schoolchildren is unknown. Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the backpack use on static foot posture in schoolchildren with a pronated foot posture over 36 months of follow-up. Methods: This observational longitudinal prospective study was based on a cohort of consecutive healthy schoolchildren with pronated feet from fifteen different schools in Plasencia (Spain). The following parameters were collected and measured in all children included in the study: sex, age, height, weight, body mass index, metatarsal formula, foot shape, type of shoes, and type of schoolbag (non-backpack and backpack). Static foot posture was determined by the mean of the foot posture index (FPI). The FPI was assessed again after 36 months. Results: A total of 112 participants used a backpack when going to school. Over the 36-month follow-up period, 76 schoolchildren who had a static pronated foot posture evolve a neutral foot posture. Univariate analysis showed that the schoolchildren using backpacks were at a greater risk of not developing neutral foot (odds ratio [OR]: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.08–4.09). The multivariate analysis provided similar results, where the schoolchildren using a backpack (adjusted OR [aOR]: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.02–3.82) had a significantly greater risk of not developing a neutral foot posture. Conclusions: A weak relationship was found between backpack use and schoolchildren aged from five to eleven years with static pronated feet not developing a neutral foot posture over a follow-up period of 36 months.

scholarly journals Locking Plate alone or in Combination with Cannulated Screws for Hoffa Fractures: A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Zhenyue Chen ◽  
Xiaotan Wang ◽  
Jingyin Li ◽  
Lizhong Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
International Knee Documentation Committee ◽  
Cannulated Screws ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Active Rehabilitation

Abstract Purpose Locking plate or screws have been used for Hoffa fractures; however, evidence to support the effectiveness of the procedure remains scarce. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of distal femur condyle locking plate(DFCLP)alone or in combination with cannulated screws for Hoffa fractures. Methods In this cohort study, 13 patients with isolated Hoffa fractures were enrolled during the study period (May 2014 to February 2019) and retrospectively analyzed. Patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation by DFCLP alone or in combination with cannulated screws followed by early active rehabilitation postoperatively. The primary outcome was evaluated with Knee Society Score (KSS), the range of movement (ROM), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scoring system and the stability of the fixation site of the patients during the 24-month follow-up period. Results A total of 13 patients completed the 24-month follow-up assessment and achieve bone re-union at Hoffa fracture sites. The average follow-up period was 24.5months (ranging from 24 to 28 months), and the average time to healing was 3.5 months (ranging from 3 to 4 months). The mean ROM was determined as 119°, the mean KSS was 87.9, and the mean IKDC score was 84.2. It is worth mentioning that 2 patients suffered from knee joint stiffness and osteoarthritis during the 24 months follow-up. Eleven patients (84.6%) achieved satisfactory knee joint function through early postsurgical rehabilitation. Conclusion In patients with Hoffa fractures, treatment with DFCLP alone or in combination with cannulated screws followed by early active rehabilitation resulted in great stability and satisfactory functional results after 24 months.

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