scholarly journals Affective and Enjoyment Responses to Sprint Interval Exercise at Different Hypoxia Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8171
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
Mingzhu Hu ◽  
Shengyan Sun ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Qingde Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interval Training ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Severe Hypoxia ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Lower Spo2 ◽  
Exercise Enjoyment

Benefits of performing sprint interval training (SIT) under hypoxic conditions on improving cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition have been well-documented, yet data is still lacking regarding affective responses to SIT under hypoxia. This study aimed to compare affective responses to SIT exercise under different oxygen conditions. Nineteen active males participated in three sessions of acute SIT exercise (20 repetitions of 6 s of all-out cycling bouts interspersed with 15 s of passive recovery) under conditions of normobaric normoxia (SL: PIO2 150 mmHg, FIO2 0.209), moderate hypoxia (MH: PIO2 117 mmHg, FIO2 0.154, simulating an altitude corresponding to 2500 m), and severe hypoxia (SH: PIO2 87 mmHg, FIO2 0.112, simulating an altitude of 5000 m) in a randomized order. Perceived exertions (RPE), affect, activation, and enjoyment responses were recorded before and immediately after each SIT session. There were no significant differences across the three conditions in RPE or the measurements of affective responses, despite a statistically lower SpO2 (%) in severe hypoxia. Participants maintained a positive affect valence and reported increased activation in all the three SIT conditions. Additionally, participants experienced a medium level of enjoyment after exercise as indicated by the exercise enjoyment scale (EES) and physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES). These results indicated that performing short duration SIT exercise under severe hypoxia could be perceived as pleasurable and enjoyable as performing it under normoxia in active male population.

scholarly journals Histamine H1 and H2 receptors are essential transducers of the integrative exercise training response in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. eabf2856
Author(s):  
Thibaux Van der Stede ◽  
Laura Blancquaert ◽  
Flore Stassen ◽  
Inge Everaert ◽  
Ruud Van Thienen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Muscle Perfusion ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Training Response ◽  
Exercise Muscle

Exercise training is a powerful strategy to prevent and combat cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, although the integrative nature of the training-induced adaptations is not completely understood. We show that chronic blockade of histamine H1/H2 receptors led to marked impairments of microvascular and mitochondrial adaptations to interval training in humans. Consequently, functional adaptations in exercise capacity, whole-body glycemic control, and vascular function were blunted. Furthermore, the sustained elevation of muscle perfusion after acute interval exercise was severely reduced when H1/H2 receptors were pharmaceutically blocked. Our work suggests that histamine H1/H2 receptors are important transducers of the integrative exercise training response in humans, potentially related to regulation of optimal post-exercise muscle perfusion. These findings add to our understanding of how skeletal muscle and the cardiovascular system adapt to exercise training, knowledge that will help us further unravel and develop the exercise-is-medicine concept.

scholarly journals Intermittent Hypoxia Affects the Spontaneous DifferentiationIn Vitroof Human Neutrophils into Long-Lived Giant Phagocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Dyugovskaya ◽  
Slava Berger ◽  
Andrey Polyakov ◽  
Peretz Lavie ◽  
Lena Lavie
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Extended Lifespan ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

Previously we identified, for the first time, a new small-size subset of neutrophil-derived giant phagocytes (Gϕ) which spontaneously developin vitrowithout additional growth factors or cytokines. Gϕare CD66b+/CD63+/MPO+/LC3B+and are characterized by extended lifespan, large phagolysosomes, active phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and autophagy largely controls their formation. Hypoxia, and particularly hypoxia/reoxygenation, is a prominent feature of many pathological processes. Herein we investigated Gϕformation by applying various hypoxic conditions. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) (29 cycles/day for 5 days) completely abolished Gϕformation, while acute IH had dose-dependent effects. Exposure to 24 h (56 IH cycles) decreased their size, yield, phagocytic ability, autophagy, mitophagy, and gp91-phox/p22-phoxexpression, whereas under 24 h sustained hypoxia (SH) the size and expression of LC3B and gp91-phox/p22-phoxresembled Gϕformed in normoxia. Diphenyl iodide (DPI), a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, as well as the PI3K/Akt and autophagy inhibitor LY294002 abolished Gϕformation at all oxygen conditions. However, the potent antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abrogated the effects of IH by inducing large CD66b+/LC3B+Gϕand increased both NADPH oxidase expression and phagocytosis. These findings suggest that NADPH oxidase, autophagy, and the PI3K/Akt pathway are involved in Gϕdevelopment.

Acute affective responses to high-intensity interval exercise: Implications on the use of different stimulus-recovery amplitudes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bruno Ribeiro Ramalho Oliveira ◽  
Tony Meireles Santos ◽  
Renato de Carvalho Guerreiro ◽  
Igor D’Amorim ◽  
Eduardo Lattari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Determining the Optimal Interval Exercise Intensity Dose for Improving Exercise Performance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norah MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Optimal Interval ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Type Of Exercise

Short duration interval training is a time-efficient exercise strategy that can improve fitness through changes in metabolic, cardiovascular and performance related variables. Studies have examined the positive effects of maximal intensity exercise (≥100% VO2max) on metabolic and performance variables in recreationally active individuals and trained athletes. The intensity of interval training required to cause improvements in aerobic fitness is unknown. This study will look at the performance related adaptations that occur with three different exercise intensities of interval training matched in terms of duration, frequency and type of exercise. Sixteen recreationally active individuals, both males (n=9, age = 23.3±3.3, VO2max = 44.2±6.5) and females (n=6, age = 21.5±0.7, VO2max = 39.7±5.4) were randomly assigned to one of three groups who trained using intervals at 120% VO2max (n=5), 90% VO2max (n=4) or 65% VO2max (n=7). The participants performed 14 days of training spread over 4 weeks that consisted of 8-12 repeats of 1-minute cycling at the prescribed intensity with 1-minute active recovery between intervals. Training increased time to fatigue in the 90% VO2max and 120% VO2max group however not in the 65% VO2max group. The changes in VO2max before and after training were significant in the 90% VO2max group and the 120% VO2max group, however not between the 120% VO2max and 90% VO2max group (p≤0.05). Interval training at 90% and 120% VO2max stimulates analogous improvements in fitness. These results may be important for diseased or sedentary populations where very high-intensity and long duration exercise may not be well tolerated.

High-intensity interval exercise induces 24-h energy expenditure similar to traditional endurance exercise despite reduced time commitment

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Skelly ◽  
Patricia C. Andrews ◽  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Brian J. Martin ◽  
Michael E. Percival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Time Commitment ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Subjects performed high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (END) to evaluate 24-h oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption during HIIT was lower versus END; however, total oxygen consumption over 24 h was similar. These data demonstrate that HIIT and END induce similar 24-h energy expenditure, which may explain the comparable changes in body composition reported despite lower total training volume and time commitment.

Jasus lalandii 'walkouts' or mass strandings in South Africa during the 1990s: an overview

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Cockcroft
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
The West ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Mass Mortalities

Faunal mass mortalities are a sporadic, but not uncommon, feature of the West and South coasts of South Africa. Five mass mortalities of West Coast rock lobsterJasus lalandii, including three of the most severe ever recorded in South Africa, occurred in the 1990s and resulted in the stranding of about 2263 tonnes of lobster. The bulk (97%) of the loss occurred in the last three years of the decade. The five events occurred within an 80 km stretch of coastline that straddled two fishing zones and resulted from hypoxic conditions associated with highbiomass dinoflagellate blooms. In each case, the quantity of lobsters stranded was directly related to the extent or duration of low-oxygen conditions. Small females constituted the bulk of the lobster stranded in most events. The lobster fisheries in the affected fishing zones suffered severe impacts. Recovery in one zone appears to be extremely slow, whereas the other zone is more resilient. Not only would a continuation of the trend of increasing frequency and severity of lobster strandings devastate the rock-lobster fishing industry and the employment prospects of small fishing communities, but it could also seriously affect the ecology of the region.

scholarly journals Affective Responses To High-Intensity Interval Training In The Severe Domain

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Robert W. Pettitt ◽  
Zachery A. Roloff ◽  
Luke M. Krynski ◽  
Mark E. Hartman ◽  
Panteleimon Ekkekakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyan Sun ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi ◽  
Hongwei Guan ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Moderate Hypoxia ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background and Objectives: Limited research has evaluated the effects of acute exercise on cognition under different conditions of inspired oxygenation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) under normoxia (inspired fraction of oxygen (FIO2): 0.209) and moderate hypoxia (FIO2: 0.154) on cognitive function. Design: A single-blinded cross-over design was used to observe the main effects of exercise and oxygen level, and interaction effects on cognitive task performance. Methods: Twenty inactive adults (10 males and 10 females, 19–27 years old) performed a cognitive task (i.e., the Go/No-Go task) before and immediately after an acute bout of HIE under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The HIE comprised 10 repetitions of 6 s high-intensity cycling against 7.5% body weight interspersed with 30 s passive recovery. Heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and rating of perceived exertion were monitored. Results: The acute bout of HIE did not affect the reaction time (p = 0.204, η2 = 0.083) but the accuracy rate decreased significantly after HIE under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.467). Moreover, moderate hypoxia had no influence either on reaction time (p = 0.782, η2 = 0.004) or response accuracy (p = 0.972, η2 < 0.001). Conclusions: These results indicate that an acute session of HIE may impair response accuracy immediately post-HIE, without sacrificing reaction time. Meanwhile moderate hypoxia was found to have no adverse effect on cognitive function in inactive young adults, at least in the present study.

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