scholarly journals Associations between Mental Health and Oral Health among Korean Adolescents: Analysis of the National Surveys (2008–2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10660
Author(s):  
Kyeong-Hee Lee ◽  
Won-Kee Lee ◽  
Eun-Seo Jung ◽  
Yoon-Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Line Slope

We aimed to analyze the trends and associations between the oral and mental health of Korean adolescents using the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Surveys. In total, 713,713 adolescents who participated in the surveys were included. To examine trends in oral and mental health, Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between the weighted percentages and years, and the regression line slope was assessed to estimate annual changes. A complex sample logistic regression analysis was also performed. Experiencing oral symptoms and suicide-related factors both showed a gradually decreasing trend from 2008 and slight increases in 2017 and 2016, respectively. Compared with adolescents who had no oral symptoms, those with all six oral symptoms showed an increase in suicide attempts in the last 12 months, suicide ideation, and feelings of sadness and despair. In conclusion, experiencing more oral symptoms is associated with an increased risk of suicide-related factors.

Suicide Attempters, Suicide Ideators, and Non-Ideators

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Teismann ◽  
Laura Paashaus ◽  
Paula Siegmann ◽  
Peter Nyhuis ◽  
Marcus Wolter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Suicide Attempters

Abstract. Background: Suicide ideation is a prerequisite for suicide attempts. However, the majority of ideators will never act on their thoughts. It is therefore crucial to understand factors that differentiate those who consider suicide from those who make suicide attempts. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the role of protective factors in differentiating non-ideators, suicide ideators, and suicide attempters. Method: Inpatients without suicide ideation ( n = 32) were compared with inpatients with current suicide ideation ( n = 37) and with inpatients with current suicide ideation and a lifetime history of suicide attempts ( n = 26) regarding positive mental health, self-esteem, trust in higher guidance, social support, and reasons for living. Results: Non-ideators reported more positive mental health, social support, reasons for living, and self-esteem than suicide ideators and suicide attempters did. No group differences were found regarding trust in higher guidance. Suicide ideators and suicide attempters did not differ regarding any of the study variables. Limitations: Results stem from a cross-sectional study of suicide attempts; thus, neither directionality nor generalizability to fatal suicide attempts can be determined. Conclusion: Various protective factors are best characterized to distinguish ideators from nonsuicidal inpatients. However, the same variables seem to offer no information about the difference between ideators and attempters.

Gendered experiences of unemployment, suicide and self-harm: a population-level record linkage study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
R. Cunningham ◽  
A. Milner ◽  
S. Gibb ◽  
V. Rijnberg ◽  
G. Disney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Background Unemployment and being not in the labour force (NILF) are risk factors for suicide, but their association with self-harm is unclear, and there is continuing debate about the role of confounding by prior mental health conditions. We examine associations between employment status and self-harm and suicide in a prospective cohort, taking into account prior mental-health-related factors. Methods We used linked data from the New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure. The outcomes were chosen to be hospital presentation for self-harm and death by suicide. The exposure was employment status, defined as employed, unemployed, or NILF, measured at the 2013 Census. Confounders included demographic factors and mental health history (use of antidepressant medication, use of mental health services, and prior self-harm). Logistic regression was used to model effects. Analyses were stratified by gender. Results For males, unemployment was associated with an increased risk of suicide [odds ratio (OR): 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20–1.84] and self-harm (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.45–1.68) after full adjustment for confounders. NILF was associated with an increased risk of self-harm (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.32–1.55), but less of an association was seen with suicide (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.94–1.49). For females, unemployment was associated with an increased risk of suicide (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.93–1.80) and of self-harm (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.43–1.62), and NILF was associated with a similar increase in risk for suicide (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.98–1.75) and self-harm (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.26–1.40). Discussion Exclusion from employment is associated with a considerably heightened risk of suicide and self-harm for both men and women, even among those without prior mental health problems.

scholarly journals School- and class-level variation in self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempts in Danish high schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica S.C. Pisinger ◽  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Janne S. Tolstrup
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Class Level ◽  
Suicide Behaviour ◽  
Self Harm

Aim: Strong associations have been found between being exposed to self-harm in family and friends and own self-harm in adolescence. Therefore, self-harm and suicide behaviour might tend to cluster within school and school classes. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, frequency and type of self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempts within Danish high schools and to test whether self-harm and suicide behaviour cluster in schools and school classes. Methods: Data came from the Danish National Youth Study 2014, a national survey. The respective study included 66,284 high-school students nested in 117 schools and 3146 school classes. The prevalence and clustering of self-harm behaviour, ever and within the last year, type of self-harm (e.g. cutting, burning, scratching and hitting) and suicide ideation and suicide attempts were investigated. Multi-level logistic regression was applied to quantify clustering among participants within the same class and school. Results: In total, 12,960 (20%) reported self-harm ever and 5706 (8.6%) within the last year. Prevalence was higher among girls than boys. Among girls, cutting (15%) and scratching (13%) was the most common type of self-harm, whereas among boys, hitting (6.7%) was most prevalent. The degree of clustering of self-harm and suicide behaviour was low, with school-level intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) ranging from 0.8–1.8% and school class level ICC’s from 4.3–6.8%. Conclusions: This study shows that self-harm was common, especially in girls. The degree of clustering of self-harm and suicide behaviour in school and school classes was low.

Adolescents Transitioning to High School: Sex Differences in Bullying Victimization Associated With Depressive Symptoms, Suicide Ideation, and Suicide Attempts

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan G. Williams ◽  
Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling ◽  
Cory Wornell ◽  
Heather Finnegan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physical Bullying

Adolescents transitioning to high school may be at greater risk of depression and suicide if they are victims of bullying behavior. This study explored sex differences in bullying victimization (physical, verbal/social, and cyberbullying) and the impact on depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors in ninth-grade students ( N = 233). Females reported significantly more verbal/social and cyberbullying than male students. There were no significant sex differences in physical bullying; male students who reported physical bullying victimization were more likely to experience depressive symptoms. Verbal/social bullying predicted depressive symptoms in males and females. Females who reported being victims of cyberbullying were more likely to report depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts. Eighteen students reported suicide attempts, and each also experienced verbal/social bullying. School nurses are positioned to reach out to transitioning students, screen for mental health issues, provide a safe place to talk about bullying experiences, and promote positive mental health.

scholarly journals Sexual violence and suicidal ideation among French adults, a mediation analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F El-Khoury ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives Sexual violence against women is endemic and is linked with a host of mental health problems and suicidal behaviour. We test whether sexual violence is more prevalent and have more damaging psychological effects among women compared to men, and quantify its mediating role in the association between sex and suicidal ideation and behaviour. Methods We used data from the “Health Barometer” (Baromètre Santé) 2017 a cross-sectional phone survey, which recruited a nationally representative sample of French adults aged 18 to 75 years in 2017 (n = 25319). Data were weighted to be representative of the French adult population. Outcomes included suicidal ideation, imagery of suicide, and suicide attempts in the preceding year. We conducted mutlivariable mediation analysis using the counterfactual approach to evaluate the contribution that lifetime sexual violence has in the association between sex and suicidal ideation and behaviour. Results We found that women are five times more likely to have experienced sexual victimisation, and are more at risk of any suicidal ideation and imagery of suicide in the preceding year compared to men. Women and men had comparable rates of suicide attempts in the preceding year. We estimated that 47% of the increased risk of suicidal ideation in the preceding year women have compared to men is mediated by lifetime sexual assault. Lifetime sexual assault also explained 39% of the association between sex and having imagery of suicide. Discussion Our findings reiterate the importance of the prevention of sexual violence and an adequate care for sexual assault victims, especially women, in public health and mental health policies and initiatives. Key messages Women are five times more likely to have experienced sexual victimisation compared to men, and are more likely to suffer from suicidal ideation in the preceding year. Experience of lifetime sexual violence contributes substantially (around 50%) to women’s increased likelihood of suicidal ideation compared to men.

scholarly journals Early Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: A National Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos ◽  
Bianca Gonzalez Martins ◽  
Lucas Arrais Campos ◽  
João Marôco ◽  
Rayya Ahmed Saadiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Population Demographic ◽  
The Impact

Background: Isolation measures used to contain epidemics generate social interaction restrictions and impose changes in routines of the public that increase negative psychological outcomes. Anxiety and depression are the most common symptoms. Objective: To evaluate the mental health of the Brazilian population during the SARs-CoV-2 pandemic and its relationship with demographic and health characteristics. Methods: Adults from all Brazilian States participated (n = 12,196; women: 69.8%, mean age = 35.2 years). The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and the Impact of Event Scale–revised were used (online survey). Data validity and reliability were verified by confirmatory factor analysis and ordinal alpha coefficient. The probability of presenting psychological symptoms was calculated by multiple logistic regression and odds ratio (OR) (0 = without symptoms, 1 = with mild, moderate, and severe levels of symptoms). Results: High prevalence of depression (61.3%), anxiety (44.2%), stress (50.8%), and psychological impact (54.9%) due to the isolation experienced from the pandemic was found. Younger individuals (OR = 1.58–3.58), those that felt unsafe (OR = 1.75–2.92), with a previous diagnosis of mental health (OR = 1.72–2.64) and/or had general health problems before the pandemic (OR = 1.17–1.51), who noticed changes in their mental state due to the pandemic context (OR = 2.53–9.07), and excessively exposed to the news (OR = 1.19–2.18) were at increased risk of developing symptoms. Women (OR = 1.35–1.65) and those with lower economic status (OR = 1.38–2.69) were more likely to develop psychological symptoms. Lower educational levels increased the likelihood of depressive (OR = 1.03–1.34) and intrusive symptoms (OR = 1.09–1.51). Conclusions: The pandemic and related factors can have a high impact on the mental health of the population. Demographic characteristics can influence the occurrence of psychological symptoms.

The relationship between an electronic mental health stigma campaign and suicidal thoughts and behaviours: a two-arm randomized controlled trial in the Australian construction industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-485
Author(s):  
A Milner ◽  
Z Aitken ◽  
P C F Law ◽  
A D LaMontagne ◽  
C Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Mental Health Stigma ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts

Abstract Males employed in the construction industry are at greater risk of suicide than other employed males. It is plausible that a high level of stigma against mental health problems explains the elevated rates of suicide among this group. This study sought to test the effectiveness of an electronic mental health stigma intervention on suicide ideation, communication about suicide and attempts. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a series of brief contact interventions over a 6-week period or a wait list control. Suicidal ideation, communication about suicide and suicide attempts were assessed using the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised at post-intervention. We used linear regression to assess effectiveness at post-intervention, adjusting for relevant covariates using both conventional methods and a propensity score approach. Results indicate that the intervention had no significant impact on suicidal thoughts, communication or suicide attempts. There was some indication that individuals in the intervention group reported a slight increase in attempts and communication about suicide. These observations underscore an urgent need for more research to understand the complex and nuanced relationship between stigma and suicide in non-clinical populations.

Suicide Ideation and Attempts in Children With Psychiatric Disorders and Typical Development

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dickerson Mayes ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
Fauzia Mahr
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inattentive Type

Background: Children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders are at increased risk for suicide behavior. Aims: This is the first study to compare frequencies of suicide ideation and attempts in children and adolescents with specific psychiatric disorders and typical children while controlling for comorbidity and demographics. Method: Mothers rated the frequency of suicide ideation and attempts in 1,706 children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders and typical development, 6–18 years of age. Results: For the typical group, 0.5% had suicide behavior (ideation or attempts), versus 24% across the psychiatric groups (bulimia 48%, depression or anxiety disorder 34%, oppositional defiant disorder 33%, ADHD-combined type 22%, anorexia 22%, autism 18%, intellectual disability 17%, and ADHD-inattentive type 8%). Most alarming, 29% of adolescents with bulimia often or very often had suicide attempts, compared with 0–4% of patients in the other psychiatric groups. Conclusion: It is important for professionals to routinely screen all children and adolescents who have psychiatric disorders for suicide ideation and attempts and to treat the underlying psychiatric disorders that increase suicide risk.

scholarly journals Suicide Ideation and Attempts among First Nations Peoples Living On-Reserve in Canada: The Intergenerational and Cumulative Effects of Indian Residential Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Jane McQuaid ◽  
Amy Bombay ◽  
Opal Arilla McInnis ◽  
Courtney Humeny ◽  
Kimberly Matheson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Residential Schools ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Objective: Suicide rates among Indigenous peoples in Canada are at least twice that of their non-Indigenous counterparts. Although contemporary stressors contribute to this increased risk, historical experiences such as the Indian Residential School (IRS) system may also have continuing links with the risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The current investigation examined the intergenerational and cumulative links between familial IRS attendance in relation to lifetime suicide ideation and attempts among First Nations adults living on-reserve. Method: Data from the 2008-2010 First Nations Regional Health Survey were analyzed, and participants comprised a representative sample of First Nations adults older than 18 years (weighted N = 127,338; IRS attendees were excluded). Of those who knew their familial IRS history, 38.0% had no history of attendance, 19.3% had a grandparent who attended, 16.2% had a parent who attended, and 26.5% had a parent and grandparent who attended. Results: Exposure of one previous familial generation to the IRS experience was associated with increased risk for lifetime suicide ideation (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.84; P = 0.001) and attempts (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.94; P < 0.016) compared with those with no IRS history. Having 2 generations of IRS familial history was associated with greater odds of reporting a suicide attempt compared with having one generation (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.75; P = 0.022), which was reduced when current levels of distress and ideation were accounted for. Conclusion: Findings support the existence of linkages between intergenerational exposure to IRS and risk for suicidal ideation and attempts and for a potential cumulative risk in relation to suicide attempts across generations.

The association of bullying with suicide ideation and attempt among adolescents with different dimensions of sexual orientation

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S71-S71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Montoro ◽  
K. Igartua ◽  
B.D. Thombs
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Sex Attraction ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionSexual minority youth are at increased risk for bullying and suicide, but they are heterogeneous in their sexual orientation dimensions (attraction, behavior and identity).ObjectiveTo compare the association of bullying and suicide parameters between (1) heterosexually identified students without same-sex attractions or behaviors (2) heterosexually identified students with same-sex attractions or behaviors and (3) non-heterosexually identified students.MethodsThe Quebec Youth Risk Behavior Survey was a self-report questionnaire given to 1852 students 14–18 years old.ResultsThe heterosexually identified students without same-sex attraction or behavior, and no bullying, was our reference group. When these students had bullying, the likelihood of suicidal ideation was double, but their likelihood of suicide attempts was the same. For non-heterosexually identified students, those with no bullying were twice as likely, and those with bullying were four times as likely to have suicidal ideation. When these students had no bullying, they were not more likely to have suicide attempts, but they were almost three times as likely when they had bullying. Heterosexually identified students with same-sex attraction or behavior were never more likely on any of the suicide measures.ConclusionThis study was the first to show that adolescents with a non-heterosexual identity will have a disproportionately greater likelihood in their suicide parameters when subject to bullying, than heterosexually identified students with or without same-sex attraction or behavior, suggesting that these latter two dimensions were non-contributory to suicide risk. The significance of identity as a predictor of suicidal ideation and behavior will be discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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