scholarly journals Characterization of Biochars Produced by Co-Pyrolysis of Hami Melon (Cantaloupes) Straw Mixed with Polypropylene and Their Adsorption Properties of Cadmium

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11413
Author(s):  
Changheng Li ◽  
Qing Huang ◽  
Haixiang Zhang ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Rixin Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Of Co

Reuse of waste from Hami melon (cantaloupes) straws (HS) mingled with polypropylene (PP) ropes is necessary and beneficial to mitigate environmental pollution. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of Cd2+ adsorption on biochars produced by co-pyrolysis of HS-PP with various mixing ratios. N2-sorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravity, and differential thermal gravity (TG/DTG) were applied to evaluate the physicochemical properties of materials. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out for investigating the effects of initial pH, Cd2+ concentration, and adsorption time. It was found that the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models fitted best for the experimental data, indicating the dominant adsorption of co-pyrolysis biochars is via monolayer adsorption. Biochar derived at 4/1 mixing ratio of HS/PP by weight percentage had the highest adsorption capacity of 108.91 mg·g−1. Based on adsorption isotherm and kinetic analysis in combined with EDS, FTIR, and XRD analysis, it was concluded that the main adsorption mechanism of co-pyrolysis biochar involved the surface adsorption, cation exchange, complexation of Cd2+ with surface functional groups, and chemical precipitation. This study also demonstrates that agricultural wastes to biochar is a sustainable way to circular economy.

scholarly journals Water polishing of phenol by walnut green hull as adsorbent: an insight of adsorption isotherm and kinetic

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Godini ◽  
F. Hashemi ◽  
L. Mansuri ◽  
M. Sardar ◽  
Ghasem Hassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Xrd Techniques

The present paper aims to investigate water purification of phenol by walnut green hull adsorbent. The surface characteristics of the adsorbent were studied using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl and carbonyl onto walnut green hull surface was proved by FTIR analysis. Also quartz, cellulose and hematite were detected in the XRD analysis of samples by an X-ray diffractometer. The maximum sorption was achieved at pH 4.0. Data were evaluated for compliance with the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The results indicate that the data for adsorption of phenol onto walnut green hull fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was achieved by Langmuir isotherm 17.8 mg g–1. Also, the adsorption kinetics of phenol on the adsorbent were studied. The rates of sorption were found to conform to pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation.

Decolorization of methyl orange by green rusts with hydrogen peroxide at neutral pH

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Lin ◽  
Caiqin Yang ◽  
Rong Xiu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yu Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnetite Fe3o4 ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Green Rusts

Heterogeneous Fenton-like processes using green rusts (GRs) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were studied to decolorize methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution at an initial pH of 7.0. In this study, two types of crystal structure for GRs, the hydroxycarbonate GR(CO32–) (GR1) and the hydroxysulphate GR(SO42–) (GR2), were synthesized by partial oxidation of Fe(OH)2 suspension under light irradiation and distinguished by X-ray diffraction (XRD) due to different characteristic peaks. In oxidation reactions, decolorization rate of MO, bubbling air through the solution, was about 65% (experiment B), whereas, it was up to 95% in the presence of H2O2 (experiment C) within 60 min. The comparative tests of GR1 and GR2 show that the reduction capability of GR2 is stronger than GR1, which may be due to Fe(II) content and interlayer anions. XRD analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the oxidation end products of GR2 were mainly a poorly crystallized mixture of magnetite (Fe3O4) and hydroxy ferric oxide (FeOOH). However, when GR was immediately oxidized, the weakly crystallized goethite (α–FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (γ–FeOOH) were formed for O2 and H2O2, respectively. Based on the intermediates obtained, a probable decolorization mechanism has been proposed.

Characterisation of undoped Zns and fecl3 doped Zns nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical precipitation method

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarthe K G ◽  
Kiruthika P
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Zinc Sulphide ◽  
Chemical Precipitation Method ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Flat Panel Displays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vibrational Bands

Nanoparticles of Ferric chloride (FeCl3) doped Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) and Undoped Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) had been synthesized successfully by simple chemical precipitation method. Particlesizes have been calculated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis which confirms the nano structure of the samples. The Molecular structure of the compound was determined by theFourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and the different vibrational bands confirmed the functional groups present in the sample. The bandwidth of the absorbance isexamined by using (UV)-Visible Spectroscopy. The Morphological structures have been confirmed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Energy Dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) shows the composition of elements present in the nanoparticles. The applications of ZnS were used in the field such as Field Emitting Diodes (FET), sensors (gas sensors, biosensors), Flat panel displays, Electroluminescence.

scholarly journals Adsorption of reactive blue BF-5G dye on MCM-41 synthesized from Chocolate clay

Cerâmica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (379) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
L. N. R. de Paula ◽  
G. M. de Paula ◽  
M. G. F. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Source ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Mcm 41

Abstract The efficiency of as-synthesized and calcined mesoporous silica, using clay as a silica source, to remove the reactive blue BF-5G dye was investigated. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The kinetic and adsorption isotherms were also studied. The XRD and ED-XRF results showed that the Chocolate clay is rich in SiO2 (69.4%) and has a large amount of other oxides, which can be eliminated by acid leaching. According to the characterization results, the MCM-41 synthesis was effective and produced a highly-ordered material. The kinetic study showed the adsorption corresponded predominantly to the pseudo-second order model. Adsorption equilibrium was reached after 3 h, and the data were better fitted to the Freundlich model. Furthermore, both samples obtained satisfactory removal results, being potential adsorbents having reduced cost due to the use of an alternative silica source.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF NANOSILICA FROM RICE HUSK AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE REMOVAL OF CRYSTAL VIOLET DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1A) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hung
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Violet Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Nanosilica was synthesized via the hydrothermal technique, followed by the vacuum frying system at low temperature and pressure. Then, the achieved nanoparticles were used for removing of Crystal Violet dye (CV) from wastewater. The absorbent and absorption process were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). Batch adsorption experiments were conducted under different conditions including contact time, initial concentration of dye and adsorbent dose. The kinetic study of CV dye on the nanoparticles can be well depicted theoretically by using pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Adsorption studies of Cu(II) onto biopolymer chitosan and its nanocomposite 5%bentonite/chitosan

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2199-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamou Moussout ◽  
Hammou Ahlafi ◽  
Mustapha Aazza ◽  
Omar Zegaoui ◽  
Charaf El Akili
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Nanocomposite Adsorbent ◽  
Kinetics Of

Chitosan (CS) and nanocomposite 5%bentonite/chitosan (5%Bt/CS) prepared from the natural biopolymer CS were tested to remove Cu(II) ions using a batch adsorption experiment at various temperatures (25, 35 and 45°C). X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) were used in CS and the nanocomposite characterisation. This confirmed the exfoliation of bentonite (Bt) to form the nanocomposite. The adsorption kinetics of copper on both solids was found to follow a pseudo-second-order law at each studied temperature. The Cu(II) adsorption capacity increased as the temperature increased from 25 to 45°C for nanocomposite adsorbent but slightly increased for CS. The data were confronted to the nonlinear Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson models. It was found that the experimental data fitted very well the Langmuir isotherm over the whole temperature and concentration ranges. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for the Cu(II) was 404–422 mg/g for CS and 282–337 mg/g for 5%Bt/CS at 25–45°C. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The complexation of Cu(II) with NH2 and C = O groups as active sites was found to be the main mechanism in the adsorption processes.

Removal of Cobalt (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution on Zinc(II) Ions Doping Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 096369351302200
Author(s):  
CunPing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In the present investigation, bio-inorganic composite, which was synthesized with chitosan and hydroxyapatite by adding zinc(II) ions, have been prepared by precipitation method and was characterized by Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDXA). Then, the composite was used for removal of Cobalt(II) from synthetic aqueous solution. The effects of initial pH, contact time, kinetic and isothermal adsorption were studied in detail using batch adsorption at different temperature. The results showed that Cobalt(II) ions can be efficiently removed and also demonstrated that the kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second-order model (R2>0.99), While thermodynamic investigation of Cobalt(II) ions adsorption by zinc(II) doping Chitosan/hydroxyapatite (Zn-HAPCS) composite confirmed a spontaneous adsorption. Further investigations demonstrated that the adsorption pattern fitted well with Langmuir model (R2 > 0.99), but less-satisfied with Freundlich model (R2 < 0.95).

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 adsorbent for methylene blue removal in aqueous solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
T Yuliana ◽  
N Nurlitasari ◽  
A Hardian ◽  
S Budiman ◽  
Jasmansyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Zircon Sand

Abstract Methylene blue dyes are widely used in textile, batik, plastic, paper, and many other industries. The remain of methylene blue dyes in the textile waste is hazardous for health and the environment. Therefore, it takes effort to deal with it. One of the efforts is the process of adsorption using adsorbents. In this study, the adsorbent ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 was synthesized using the coprecipitation method using NaOH as precipitant. Either ZrSiO4 or Fe2O3 was synthesized from Indonesia mineral local zircon sand and jarosites, respectively. The composites of ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 were prepared in %mole variation, which is 75:25; 50:50; and 25:75. All obtained composites were then characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD analysis showed that the crystal structure formed was tetragonal for ZrSiO4 and hexagonal for Fe2O3 (also known as α-Fe2O3). Evaluation toward isotherm adsorption and kinetic adsorption showed that the adsorption of MB using ZrSiO4/Fe2O3 follows the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order model, respectively.

Preparation and Characteristics of Strontium Containing Bioactive CaSiO3 Ceramics

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Tie Wu ◽  
Hala Zreiqat
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Ceramic Disk ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Lattice Dimension

Strontium(Sr) containing CaSiO3 powders were synthesized using chemical precipitation. X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis confirmed the incorporation of Sr in CaSiO3. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the incorporation of Sr into the lattice structure of β-CaSiO3 powders, does not change its β-phase composition. The lattice dimension of β-CaSiO3 powders increased with the increase of Sr contents (0-10% Sr). Sr-CaSiO3 ceramic disk were prepared from the Sr-CaSiO3 poweders by uniaxial pressing at 150 MPa and sintering at 1100°C for 3h. XRD and Differential Thermal Anaysis (DTA) analysis indicated that there is a correlation betweem Sr concentration (0-10% Sr) and the phase transition from β-CaSiO3 to α-CaSiO3 with the increase of Sr contents. This transition was promoted by the decrease in temperature.

Identification of acid-insoluble filter-plugging compounds and optimal acid-washing procedures for tubular backpulse pressure filters

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
KEVIN TAYLOR ◽  
RICH ADDERLY ◽  
GAVIN BAXTER
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Sulfamic Acid ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gypsum Formation ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Over time, performance of tubular backpulse pressure filters in kraft mills deteriorates, even with regular acid washing. Unscheduled filter replacement due to filter plugging results in significant costs and may result in mill downtime. We identified acid-insoluble filter-plugging materials by scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis in both polypropylene and Gore-Tex™ membrane filter socks. The major filter-plugging components were calcium sulfate (gypsum), calcium phosphate (hydroxylapatite), aluminosilicate clays, metal sulfides, and carbon. We carried out detailed sample analysis of both the standard acid-washing procedure and a modified procedure. Filter plugging by gypsum and metal sulfides appeared to occur because of the acid-washing procedure. Gypsum formation on the filter resulted from significant hydrolysis of sulfamic acid solution at temperatures greater than 130°F. Modification of the acid-washing procedure greatly reduced the amount of gypsum and addition of a surfactant to the acid reduced wash time and mobilized some of the carbon from the filter. With surfactant, acid washing was 95% complete after 40 min.

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