scholarly journals Using Restaurant POI Data to Explore Regional Structure of Food Culture Based on Cuisine Preference

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Shangjing Jiang ◽  
Haiping Zhang ◽  
Haoran Wang ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Guoan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Geographical Regionalization

As a result of the influence of geographical environment and historical heritage, food preference has significant regional differentiation characteristics. However, the spatial structure of food culture represented by the cuisine culture at the regional level has not yet been explored from the perspective of geography. Cultural regionalization is an important way to analyze and understand the spatial structure of food culture. It is of great significance to deeply mine intra-regional homogeneity and scientifically cognize inter-regional cultural characteristics. This study aims to explore such patterns by focusing on the restaurants of the eight most famous cuisines in Mainland China. Initially, the density based geospatial hotspot detector method is proposed to analyze and mapping the spatial quantitative characteristics of the eight major cuisines. A heuristic method for geographical regionalization based on machine learning was used to analyze spatial distribution patterns in accordance with the proportion of these cuisines in each prefecture-level city. Results show that some types of single-category cuisines have a stronger spatial concentration effect in the present, whereas others have a strong diffusion trend. In the comprehensive analysis of multicategory cuisines, the eight major cuisines formed a new structure of geographical regionalization of Chinese cuisine culture. This study is helpful to understand regional structure characteristics of food preference, and the density-based hotspot detector proposed in this paper can also be used in the analysis of other type of point of interest (POI) data.

scholarly journals Using Restaurant POI Data to Explore Regional Structure of Food Culture Based on Cuisine Preference

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangjing Jiang ◽  
Haiping Zhang ◽  
Haoran Wang ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Guoan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Geographical Regionalization

As a result of the influence of geographical environment and historical heritage, food preference has significant regional differentiation characteristics. However, the spatial structure of food culture represented by the cuisine culture at the regional level has not yet been explored from the perspective of geography. This study aims to explore such patterns by focusing on the restaurants of the eight most famous cuisines in Mainland China. Initially, the density based geospatial hotspot detector method is proposed to analyze and mapping the spatial quantitative characteristics of the eight major cuisines. A heuristic method for geographical regionalization based on machine learning was used to analyze spatial distribution patterns in accordance with the proportion of these cuisines in each prefecture-level city. Results show that some types of single-category cuisines have a stronger spatial concentration effect in the present, whereas others have a strong diffusion trend. In the comprehensive analysis of multicategory cuisines, the eight major cuisines formed a new structure of geographical regionalization of Chinese cuisine culture. This study is helpful to understand regional structure characteristics of food preference, and the density based hotspot detector proposed in this paper can also be used in the analysis of other type of POI data.

scholarly journals Diversity, distribution and spatial structure of the cold-water coral fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 4009-4036 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Braga-Henriques ◽  
F. M. Porteiro ◽  
P. A. Ribeiro ◽  
V. de Matos ◽  
Í. Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Coral Fauna ◽  
By Catch

Abstract. Cold-water corals are widely considered as important structural components of benthic habitats, potentially enhancing local abundance in a variety of fish and invertebrate species. Yet, current knowledge of the taxonomic diversity and distribution patterns of these vulnerable, slow-growing organisms is scarce and fragmented, limiting the effectiveness of spatial management and conservation measures. We have conducted an exhaustive compilation of records of alcyonaceans, antipatharians, scleractinians and stylasterids available through present day to assess the diversity, distribution and spatial structure of coral assemblages in the Azores exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The resulting database comprises 2501 entries concerning historical oceanographic expeditions and other published sources, as well as unpublished data from bottom longline by-catch. Our taxonomic inventory appears to be fairly complete for the explored habitats, accounting for 164 species (79 alcyonaceans, 58 scleractinians, 18 antipatharians and 9 stylasterids), nine of which were documented for the first time. The Azores EEZ harbours a mixed coral fauna with several zoogeographic origins, showing the closest affinity with the Lusitanian–Mediterranean region. Very few apparent endemics were found (14%), and only in part supported by consistent sampling. Coral diversity is particularly high between 300 and 900 m depths, in areas recognized as traditional fishing grounds or exploitable fish habitat within the 100-mile limit of the EEZ. The composition of coral assemblages shows significant geographical structure among longitudinal sections of the study area at comparable depths (100–1500 m). There is no evidence of a possible role of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge or latitudinal effects underlying this pattern, which suggests that it may instead reflect assemblage variability among features. Stronger changes in species composition were found along the bathymetric gradient. Notwithstanding the mix of partially overlapping steno- and eurybathic species that characterize the vertical distribution of corals, there is a distinct transition from shallow (100–600 m) to intermediate (600–1000 m) depths. The analysis presented here constitutes a valuable contribution for efficient conservation policies of coral-associated vulnerable marine ecosystems and their sustainable use as fishing areas.

scholarly journals Modeling the spatial structure of the endemic mara (Dolichotis patagonum) across modified landscapes

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milagros Antún ◽  
Ricardo Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Density Surface ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Across modified landscapes, anthropic factors can affect habitat selection by animals and consequently their abundance and distribution patterns. The study of the spatial structure of wild populations is crucial to gain knowledge on species’ response to habitat quality, and a key for the design and implementation of conservation actions. This is particularly important for a low-density and widely distributed species such as the mara (Dolichotis patagonum), a large rodent endemic to Argentina across the Monte and Patagonian drylands where extensive sheep ranching predominates. We aimed to assess the spatial variation in the abundance of maras and to identify the natural and anthropic factors influencing the observed patterns in Península Valdés, a representative landscape of Patagonia. We conducted ground surveys during the austral autumn from 2015 to 2017. We built density surface models to account for the variation in mara abundance, and obtained a map of mara density at a resolution of four km2. We estimated an overall density of 0.93 maras.km−2 for the prediction area of 3,476 km2. The location of ranch buildings, indicators of human presence, had a strong positive effect on the abundance of maras, while the significant contribution of the geographic longitude suggested that mara density increases with higher rainfall. Although human presence favored mara abundance, presumably by providing protection against predators, it is likely that the association could bring negative consequences for maras and other species. The use of spatial models allowed us to provide the first estimate of mara abundance at a landscape scale and its spatial variation at a high resolution. Our approach can contribute to the assessment of mara population abundance and the factors shaping its spatial structure elsewhere across the species range, all crucial attributes to identify and prioritize conservation actions.

Dispersal traits as benthic invertebrate assemblage drivers in a neotropical large river

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-283
Author(s):  
Miguel Saigo ◽  
Mercedes Marchese ◽  
Luciana Montalto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Large River ◽  
Species Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Traits ◽  
Metacommunity Dynamics ◽  
Invertebrate Assemblage

Metacommunity theory is a mechanistic framework that explains the interdependence of local factors and regional processes as community drivers. Recent evidence suggests that dispersal mode is a key trait that potentially affects metacommunity dynamics. We analyzed the distribution patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates with different dispersal modes in the Middle Paraná, a neotropical large river. We assessed the relative importance of local environmental conditions and regional spatial structure as assemblage drivers. Aquatic and aerial dispersers presented Clementsian and Gleasonian structures, respectively. For both groups, local environmental conditions influenced community assembly, and spatial structure (overland distances) also affected the distribution of aerial dispersers. Our study highlights that the role of spatial structure as a driver of benthic metacommunities depends on species' dispersal modes. Aerial dispersers responded to regional spatial variables and it is likely that these organisms are also influenced by mass effects. Our results are consistent with current ideas of metacommunity dynamics in large rivers, where dispersal is not considered to limit the distribution of benthic organisms.

Land snails on Porto Santo: adaptive and non-adaptive radiation

1996 ◽  
Vol 351 (1337) ◽  
pp. 309-327 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
A Value ◽  
Allopatric Divergence ◽  
Evolution Proceeds

A survey has been made of the land snail fauna of Porto Santo, Madeiran archipelago. Porto Santo is an isolated island about 12 km long by 5 km wide. The fauna is exceptionally species-rich and characterisied by radiations of species in several families, especially the Helicidae. Sixty-five samples from the mainland and five offshore islets yielded 56 species, 84% of them endemic, with a mean of 11.5 species per site, and marked regional differentiation in faunal composition. A given site produces on average only approximately one fifth of the number of species possible, equivalent to a value for Whittaker’s index of diversity of 4.5. Patterns of localization occur on the peaks to the east and west of the island, with numerous cases of replacement by congeneric and morphologically similar species. Local areas have assemblages of species differing in shell size and shape, which probably exploit different niches, the pattern in one area paralleling that in others. The low-lying sandy areas which separate these areas are now unfavourable to many endemic species; those which do occur in them tend to have island-wide distributions. Morphological variation in such species appears to have ecological rather than geographical correlates. We conclude that adaptive responses have occurred, but that much of the species richness can be interpreted as non-adaptive, that is, due to allopatric divergence in isolation by species which retain similar niches. Even on so small a land mass the topography is such that for many land molluscs it represents a cluster of refuges intermittantly connected through impermanent and often unfavourable sandy environments, on each of which evolution proceeds independently. Differences in distribution patterns between families probably arise because they evolved at different times in the island’s history. These results are compared with those from snail faunas in other parts of the world, some of which are similar to them.

Physico-geographic distribution of Right Bank Polissya: prospects for development of specialties of tourism

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
I. Nesterchuk
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
East European ◽  
Scientific Issue ◽  
Geological Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The Right ◽  
Geographical Regionalization

The territory of the study of the Right Bank Polissya in this article is extremely vivid and dotted, it is possible to outline the following main tasks: the territorial physical and geographical differentiation of the region in the context of the methodology of studying the food traditions of the Polischuk; assessment of the territory for the prospects of practical management of gastronomic tourism within the united territorial communities. In general, the Polesie region is not a zonal phenomenon, and its origin is connected with paleogeographic conditions of anthropogeny, therefore it is the physical and geographical edge of the zone of mixed forests of the East European country. The involvement of geographic science in the study of the history of food prints of the Polyschuk in the original landscapes of residence deserves detailed study. The nutrition of the Polischuk apparently bears the landscape-specific consumption of food in certain areas. Organically healthy food demonstrates the geological past and predicts a nutrition system at the present stage without paying attention to the pace of the urban food culture. Under certain circumstances and with the complication of natural conditions, the gastronomy of the Polischuk differed by simple gastronomic markers, but not coarse and not perfect processes for the preparation of autochthonous dishes. The consideration of the physical and geographical preconditions for the formation of gastronomic tourism resources in the region contributed to the popularization of the gastronomic industry in a certain retrospective period. In Ukraine, tourism was underdeveloped, until 1914, when tourism activities were carried out by the Russian Society of Tourists and the Polish Local History Society. The study of physical and geographical regionalization of the region at an angle of gastronomic tourism is almost unknown. At the time there is a rather interesting scientific issue for the territory of the Right-bank Polissya in the reflections of the feeding of the Polischuk. But a significant financial leverage for the development of the united territorial communities is to have gastronomic tours within the boundaries of their original habitats and the transfer of gastronomic practices to a wide tourist community

scholarly journals Influence of the Spatial Distribution Pattern of Buildings on the Distribution of PM2.5 Concentration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixuan Zhang ◽  
Baoyan Shan ◽  
Qikai Lin ◽  
Yanqiu Chen ◽  
Xinwei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

Abstract The spatial distribution pattern of buildings is an entry point for controlling the diffusion of pollution particles at an urban spatial structure scale. In this study, we adopted ordinary kriging interpolation and other methods to study the spatial distribution pattern of PM2.5 and constructed urban spatial structure indexes based on building distribution patterns to reveal the influence of building spatial distribution patterns on PM2.5 concentration across the study area and at different elevations. The present study suggests that: (1) Topographic elevation is an important factor influencing the distribution of PM2.5; the correlation coefficient reaches −0.761 and exceeds the 0.001 confidence level. As the elevation increases, the urban spatial structure indexes show significant correlations with PM2.5, and the regularity becomes stronger. (2) The PM2.5 concentration is negatively correlated with the mean and standard deviation of the DEM, the mean and maximum absolute building height, the outdoor activity area, and the average distance between adjacent buildings; and is positively correlated with the sum of the building base area, the building coverage ratio, the space area, the building coverage ratio, the space occupation ratio, and the sum of the building volume. These urban spatial structure indexes are important factors affecting PM2.5 concentration and distribution and should be considered in urban planning. (3) Spatio-temporal differences in PM2.5 concentration and distribution were found at different elevation and time ranges. Indexes, such as the average building height, the average building base area, the sum of the building volume, and the standard deviation of building volume experienced significant changes. Higher PM2.5 concentration yielded a more significant influence of urban spatial structure indexes on PM2.5 distribution. More discrete spatial distributions of PM2.5 yielded weaker correlations between PM2.5 concentrations and the urban spatial structure indexes.

scholarly journals Unraveling the effects of environmental drivers and spatial structure on benthic species distribution patterns in Eurasian-Arctic seas (Barents, Kara and Laptev Seas)

Polar Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1693-1705
Author(s):  
Miriam L. S. Hansen ◽  
Dieter Piepenburg ◽  
Dmitrii Pantiukhin ◽  
Casper Kraan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Faunal Distribution ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In times of accelerating climate change, species are challenged to respond to rapidly shifting environmental settings. Yet, faunal distribution and composition are still scarcely known for remote and little explored seas, where observations are limited in number and mostly refer to local scales. Here, we present the first comprehensive study on Eurasian-Arctic macrobenthos that aims to unravel the relative influence of distinct spatial scales and environmental factors in determining their large-scale distribution and composition patterns. To consider the spatial structure of benthic distribution patterns in response to environmental forcing, we applied Moran’s eigenvector mapping (MEM) on a large dataset of 341 samples from the Barents, Kara and Laptev Seas taken between 1991 and 2014, with a total of 403 macrobenthic taxa (species or genera) that were present in ≥ 10 samples. MEM analysis revealed three spatial scales describing patterns within or beyond single seas (broad: ≥ 400 km, meso: 100–400 km, and small: ≤ 100 km). Each scale is associated with a characteristic benthic fauna and environmental drivers (broad: apparent oxygen utilization and phosphate, meso: distance-to-shoreline and temperature, small: organic carbon flux and distance-to-shoreline). Our results suggest that different environmental factors determine the variation of Eurasian-Arctic benthic community composition within the spatial scales considered and highlight the importance of considering the diverse spatial structure of species communities in marine ecosystems. This multiple-scale approach facilitates an enhanced understanding of the impact of climate-driven environmental changes that is necessary for developing appropriate management strategies for the conservation and sustainable utilization of Arctic marine systems.

Foreign direct investment in transition economies: the regional structure and peculiarities of development in Belarus

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Ivan Pirozhnik
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic

The spatial structure of the world economy is divided into countries of economic center,semi-periphery and periphery. Changes of the spatial structure of the world economy and globalizationtrends are marked. A key element of the growing of globalization process is foreign direct investment(FDI) and activities of transnational corporations. Declining trend in foreign direct investmentis marked in conditions of instability of world economic development, shifts in FDI regional structureand their impact on countries with developing market economies. On the basis of the regional monitoringof the foreign direct investment the CIS market is described, in particular of the countries ofthe Customs Union and Belarus. The volumes of the Belarusian direct investment abroad are outlined,the forms of presence in foreign markets are indicated, the development of the commodity distributionnetworks, created by Belarusian enterprises and geography of inflow and outflow of FDI, is analyzed.The directions of improving the investment climate in Belarus and improve its position in the worldrankings are marked.

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