scholarly journals Multi-Scale and Multi-Sensor 3D Documentation of Heritage Complexes in Urban Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnadi Murtiyoso ◽  
Pierre Grussenmeyer ◽  
Deni Suwardhi ◽  
Rabby Awalludin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Heterogeneous Sensors ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Extended Area ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Derivative Products

The 3D documentation of heritage complexes or quarters often requires more than one scale due to its extended area. While the documentation of individual buildings requires a technique with finer resolution, that of the complex itself may not need the same degree of detail. This has led to the use of a multi-scale approach in such situations, which in itself implies the integration of multi-sensor techniques. The challenges and constraints of the multi-sensor approach are further added when working in urban areas, as some sensors may be suitable only for certain conditions. This paper describes the integration of heterogeneous sensors as a logical solution in addressing this problem. The royal palace complex of Kasepuhan Cirebon, Indonesia, was taken as a case study. The site dates to the 13th Century and has survived to this day as a cultural heritage site, preserving within itself a prime example of vernacular Cirebonese architecture. This type of architecture is influenced by the tropical climate, with distinct features designed to adapt to the hot and humid year-long weather. In terms of 3D documentation, this presents specific challenges that need to be addressed both during the acquisition and processing stages. Terrestrial laser scanners, DSLR cameras, as well as UAVs were utilized to record the site. The implemented workflow, some geometrical analysis of the results, as well as some derivative products will be discussed in this paper. Results have shown that although the proposed multi-scale and multi-sensor workflow has been successfully employed, it needs to be adapted and the related challenges addressed in a particular manner.

scholarly journals CIM-Powered Multi-Hazard Simulation Framework Covering both Individual Buildings and Urban Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5059
Author(s):  
Xinzheng Lu ◽  
Donglian Gu ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Chen Xiong ◽  
Yuan Tian
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Scientific Simulations ◽  
Improve Analysis ◽  
Disaster Scenario

To improve the ability to prepare for and adapt to potential hazards in a city, efforts are being invested in evaluating the performance of the built environment under multiple hazard conditions. An integrated physics-based multi-hazard simulation framework covering both individual buildings and urban areas can help improve analysis efficiency and is significant for urban planning and emergency management activities. Therefore, a city information model-powered multi-hazard simulation framework is proposed considering three types of hazards (i.e., earthquake, fire, and wind hazards). The proposed framework consists of three modules: (1) data transformation, (2) physics-based hazard analysis, and (3) high-fidelity visualization. Three advantages are highlighted: (1) the database with multi-scale models is capable of meeting the various demands of stakeholders, (2) hazard analyses are all based on physics-based models, leading to rational and scientific simulations, and (3) high-fidelity visualization can help non-professional users better understand the disaster scenario. A case study of the Tsinghua University campus is performed. The results indicate the proposed framework is a practical method for multi-hazard simulations of both individual buildings and urban areas and has great potential in helping stakeholders to assess and recognize the risks faced by important buildings or the whole city.

scholarly journals Tower of Belém (Lisbon)–Status Quo 3D Documentation and Material Origin Determination

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Paula Redweik ◽  
José Juan de Sanjosé Blasco ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Alan D. Atkinson ◽  
Luís Francisco Martínez Corrales
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Tagus River ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
Origin Determination ◽  
3D Documentation

The Tower of Belém, an early 16th century defense tower located at the mouth of the Tagus river, is the iconic symbol of Lisbon. It belongs to the Belém complex, classified since 1983 as a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO, and it is the second most visited monument in Portugal. On November 1st, 1755, there was a heavy earthquake in Lisbon followed by a tsunami, causing between 60,000 and 100,000 deaths. There is a possibility of a repetition of such a catastrophe, which could bring about the collapse of the structure. This was the reasoning behind the decision to evaluate the Tower of Belém by means of surveys using Terrestrial Laser Scanning and photogrammetry. Until now, there was no high-resolution 3D model of the interior and exterior of the tower. A complete 3D documentation of the state of the Tower was achieved with a cloud of more than 6,200 million 3D points in the ETRS89 PT-TM06 coordinate system. Additionally, measurements were made using a hyperspectral camera and a spectroradiometer to characterize the stone material used in the Tower. The result is a digital 3D representation of the Tower of Belém, and the identification of the quarries that may have been used to extract its stone. The work carried out combines geometrical and material analysis. The methods used may constitute a guide when documenting and intervening in similar heritage elements. Finally, the information contained therein will allow an eventual reconstruction of the Tower in the case of another catastrophe.

scholarly journals Integration of ground-penetrating radar, ultrasonic tests and infrared thermography for the analysis of a precious medieval rose window

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nuzzo ◽  
A. Calia ◽  
D. Liberatore ◽  
N. Masini ◽  
E. Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Rose

Abstract. The integration of high-resolution, non-invasive geophysical techniques (such as ground-penetrating radar or GPR) with emerging sensing techniques (acoustics, thermography) can complement limited destructive tests to provide a suitable methodology for a multi-scale assessment of the state of preservation, material and construction components of monuments. This paper presents the results of the application of GPR, infrared thermography (IRT) and ultrasonic tests to the 13th century rose window of Troia Cathedral (Apulia, Italy), affected by widespread decay and instability problems caused by the 1731 earthquake and reactivated by recent seismic activity. This integrated approach provided a wide amount of complementary information at different scales, ranging from the sub-centimetre size of the metallic joints between the various architectural elements, narrow fractures and thin mortar fillings, up to the sub-metre scale of the internal masonry structure of the circular ashlar curb linking the rose window to the façade, which was essential to understand the original building technique and to design an effective restoration strategy.

scholarly journals MULTI-SCALE BASED EXTRACION OF VEGETATION FROM TERRESTRIAL LiDAR DATA FOR ASSESSING LOCAL LANDSCAPE

2015 ◽  
Vol II-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wakita ◽  
J. Susaki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Landscape Index ◽  
Terrestrial Lidar ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Set Of Points

In this study, we propose a method to accurately extract vegetation from terrestrial three-dimensional (3D) point clouds for estimating landscape index in urban areas. Extraction of vegetation in urban areas is challenging because the light returned by vegetation does not show as clear patterns as man-made objects and because urban areas may have various objects to discriminate vegetation from. The proposed method takes a multi-scale voxel approach to effectively extract different types of vegetation in complex urban areas. With two different voxel sizes, a process is repeated that calculates the eigenvalues of the planar surface using a set of points, classifies voxels using the approximate curvature of the voxel of interest derived from the eigenvalues, and examines the connectivity of the valid voxels. We applied the proposed method to two data sets measured in a residential area in Kyoto, Japan. The validation results were acceptable, with F-measures of approximately 95% and 92%. It was also demonstrated that several types of vegetation were successfully extracted by the proposed method whereas the occluded vegetation were omitted. We conclude that the proposed method is suitable for extracting vegetation in urban areas from terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data. In future, the proposed method will be applied to mobile LiDAR data and the performance of the method against lower density of point clouds will be examined.

scholarly journals The case study of Villa Beatrice d’Este: management planning of a multi-layered site with Medieval ruins in the Veneto Region, Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-44
Author(s):  
Valentina Gamba ◽  
Sergio Calò ◽  
Maurizio Malé ◽  
Enzo Moretto
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Veneto Region ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
The Eu

Villa Beatrice d’Este is a 17th century Venetian Villa in the Veneto Region, Italy, located within the area of the Euganean Hills Regional Park. The villa was built to replace a previous 13th century Medieval Monastery, whose structure was integrated in the villa. Remains of the Medieval structures are still visible today. The monumental complex constitutes an example of a multi-layered site with continuous life from Medieval times up to the present days. For this reason, the site was selected as a case study by the EU-funded project RUINS[1], in view of proposing a management plan to protect and valorise its complex heritage, as an example of heritage site with Medieval ruins in Europe.   [1] RUINS, Sustainable re-use, preservation and modern management of historical ruins in Central Europe - elaboration of integrated model and guidelines based on the synthesis of the best European experiences. A project funded by the EU through the Interreg Central Europe Programme.

scholarly journals Sparse coded spatial pyramid matching and multi-kernel integrated SVM for non-linear scene classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-380
Author(s):  
Bhavinkumar Gajjar ◽  
Hiren Mewada ◽  
Ashwin Patani
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Scene Classification ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Pyramid Matching ◽  
Scale Invariant Feature ◽  
Distinct Features

Abstract Support vector machine (SVM) techniques and deep learning have been prevalent in object classification for many years. However, deep learning is computation-intensive and can require a long training time. SVM is significantly faster than Convolution Neural Network (CNN). However, the SVM has limited its applications in the mid-size dataset as it requires proper tuning. Recently the parameterization of multiple kernels has shown greater flexibility in the characterization of the dataset. Therefore, this paper proposes a sparse coded multi-scale approach to reduce training complexity and tuning of SVM using a non-linear fusion of kernels for large class natural scene classification. The optimum features are obtained by parameterizing the dictionary, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) parameters, and fusion of multiple kernels. Experiments were conducted on a large dataset to examine the multi-kernel space capability to find distinct features for better classification. The proposed approach founds to be promising than the linear multi-kernel SVM approaches achieving 91.12 % maximum accuracy.

scholarly journals Identifying the Influential Factors on Social Impact Assessment of Reconstruction Projects in Historic Site - A Case Study on Jameh Mosque Street, Yazd, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nasir Tighsazzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Social Impact Assessment ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Historic Site ◽  
General Process ◽  
Heritage Site

Social impact assessment (SIA) is a process that provides a framework for gathering and analyzing information to determine intended and unintended social consequences of changes and developmental interventions on human environment. This assessment that emphasize on social and cultural issues, is more important in historic site that have more tangible social role than the new parts of the city and these areas should preserved by planning and subsequent evaluations due to their cultural heritage value. The aim of this paper that evaluated social impacts of reconstruction project of Jameh Mosque Street of Yazd city in Iran when it came into operation, is identify specific indicators for SIA in historic site through the use of general indicators and matching SIA process to the historical and cultural context of the heritage site. In order to achieve this goal, the research is based on SIA approach also descriptive and inferential statistics and focus group methodology were used to analyze the environment data. Hypotheses and measuring variables tested by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and qualitative analysis with domain matrix. Accordingly, the estimation and selection of the effects of the project and its prioritization are based on some factors such as the importance and degree of feasibility that have different result in heritage site than the new urban areas. Finally, an operational framework and some strategic suggestions were made to improving the general process of SIA to use in heritage site and maximizing the efficiency of similar projects in every historic areas which leads to the consent of stakeholders.

Authenticity and relocation of built heritage: the urban transformation of Kiruna, Sweden

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Sjöholm
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different notions about the conservation of built heritage develop in a situation of structural change that demands either the demolition or relocation of a large number of historic buildings. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a case study of the on-going urban transformation of the Swedish mining town Kiruna. The investigation was based on the text analysis of urban planning documents and media reporting, which was used to distinguish stakeholders’ positions towards conservation based on authenticity aspects. Findings The conservation goals of the urban planning process are unclear and the stakeholders have conceptually different views regarding which parts of the town’s built heritage are of significance, which negatively affects the ability to make well informed, transparent and intelligible management decisions. Stakeholder views on the management of built heritage span from the relocation of a few, single historic buildings to maintaining the integrity of the town as a heritage site by moving a significant number of buildings. Research limitations/implications The Kiruna case, being exceptional because conservation in situ is impossible, has the potential to highlight the relation between single historic buildings and the integrity of an urban heritage site, as well as implications for conservation on the urban scale. Originality/value This investigation contributes to knowledge of built heritage in situations of structural change, which is of concern for planning and conservation practice. Currently, many urban areas are under pressure of transformations or destruction.

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