scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Variation and Enhancement of Salt Tolerance in French Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Esawi ◽  
Abdullah Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Hayssam Ali ◽  
Aisha Alayafi ◽  
Jacques Witczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Trait Associations

Pisum sativum L. (field pea) is a crop of a high nutritional value and seed oil content. The characterization of pea germplasm is important to improve yield and quality. This study aimed at using fatty acid profiling and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers to evaluate the variation and relationships of 25 accessions of French pea. It also aimed to conduct a marker-trait associations analysis using the crude oil content as the target trait for this analysis, and to investigate whether 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) could enhance salt tolerance in the pea germplasm. The percentage of crude oil of the 25 pea genotypes varied from 2.6 to 3.5%, with a mean of 3.04%. Major fatty acids in all of the accessions were linoleic acid. Moreover, the 12 AFLP markers used were polymorphic. The cluster analysis based on fatty acids data or AFLP data divided the 25 pea germplasm into two main clusters. The gene diversity of the AFLP markers varied from 0.21 to 0.58, with a mean of 0.41. Polymorphic information content (PIC) of pea germplasm varied from 0.184 to 0.416 with a mean of 0.321, and their expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.212 to 0.477 with a mean of 0.362. The AFLP results revealed that the Nain Ordinaire cultivar has the highest level of genetic variability, whereas Elatius 3 has the lowest level. Three AFLP markers (E-AAC/M-CAA, E-AAC/M-CAC, and E-ACA/M-CAG) were significantly associated with the crude oil content trait. The response of the Nain Ordinaire and Elatius 3 cultivars to high salinity stress was studied. High salinity (150 mM NaCl) slightly reduced the photosynthetic pigments contents in Nain Ordinaire leaves at a non-significant level, however, the pigments contents in the Elatius 3 leaves were significantly reduced by high salinity. Antioxidant enzymes (APX—ascorbate peroxidase; CAT—catalase; and POD—peroxidase) activities were significantly induced in the Nain Ordinaire cultivar, but non-significantly induced in Elatius 3 by high salinity. Priming the salt-stressed Nain Ordinaire and Elatius 3 plants with ALA significantly enhanced the pigments biosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes activities, and stress-related genes expression, as compared to the plants stressed with salt alone. In conclusion, this study is amongst the first investigations that conducted marker-trait associations in pea, and revealed a sort of correlation between the diversity level and salt tolerance.

Distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols and phospholipids from peas (Pisum sativum L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (14) ◽  
pp. 2709-2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Yoshida ◽  
Yuka Tomiyama ◽  
Megumi Tanaka ◽  
Yoshiyuki Mizushina
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Salt-induced modulation in some key gas exchange characteristics and ionic relations in pea (Pisum sativum L.) and their use as selection criteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Noreen ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Physiological Attributes

A glasshouse experiment was conducted to assess the influence of salt stress on some key physiological attributes of nine genetically diverse cultivars of a potential vegetable crop, pea (Pisum sativum L.). The nine pea cultivars (2001-20, 2001-35, 2001-40, 2001-55, 9800-5, 9800-10, 9200, Tere-2 and Climax) were exposed to four levels (0, 40, 80, and 120 mm) of NaCl in sand culture. Salt stress reduced the shoot and root dry weights, chlorophyll concentration, gas exchange and water relation parameters, leaf and root K, Ca and K : Na ratio, while it enhanced concentrations of proline, leaf and root Na and Cl contents. Of all cultivars, 9800-10, 2001-20, 2001-55 and 2001-35 were higher in plant dry biomass, chlorophyll concentrations as well as in photosynthetic rate than the other cultivars at the highest salt regime whereas cvv. 2001-40, 9800-5 and 9200 were the lowest in these attributes. Overall, the genetically diverse cultivars of pea showed varying degree of salt tolerance. As the expression of different biochemical and physiological attributes differed in different cultivars under saline conditions, most of the attributes could be used as selection criteria for salt tolerance of pea. Thus, chlorophyll a, b and photosynthetic rate have great practical importance as effective physiological selection criteria for the selection of salt-tolerant pea cultivars.

scholarly journals Response of mitochondrial thioredoxin PsTrxo1, antioxidant enzymes, and respiration to salinity in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 3863-3874 ◽  
Author(s):  
María C. Martí ◽  
Igor Florez-Sarasa ◽  
Daymi Camejo ◽  
Miquel Ribas-Carbó ◽  
Juan J. Lázaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

scholarly journals Differential Salt Tolerance Strategies in Three Halophytes from the Same Ecological Habitat: Augmentation of Antioxidant Enzymes and Compounds

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1100
Author(s):  
Abd El-Mageed F. M. Ghanem ◽  
Elsayed Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed M. M. A. Kasem ◽  
Abbas A. El-Ghamery
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Salicornia Europaea ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Arthrocnemum Macrostachyum ◽  
Species Specific

Understanding the salt tolerance mechanism in obligate halophytes provides valuable information for conservation and re-habitation of saline areas. Here, we investigated the responses of three obligate halophytes namely Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, Sarcocornia fruticosa and Salicornia europaea to salt stress (0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 mM NaCl) during their vegetative growth with regard to biomass, ions contents (Na+, K+ and Ca+2), chlorophyll contents, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and esterase activities. S. europaea showed the lowest biomass, root K+ content, Chl a/b ratio, and carotenoids under salinity. This reduction of biomass is concomitant with the increase in proline contents and peroxidase activity. On the other hand, the promotion of growth under low salinity and maintenance under high salinity (200 and 400 Mm NaCl) in A. Macrostachyum and S. fruticosa are accompanied by an increase in Chl a/b ratio, carotenoids, phenolics contents, and esterase activity. Proline content was decreased under high salinity (400 and 600 mM NaCl) in both species compared to S. europaea, while peroxidase showed the lowest activity in both plants under all salt levels except under 600 mM NaCl in Arthrocnemum macrostachyum compared to S. europaea. These results suggest two differential strategies; (1) the salt tolerance is due to activation of antioxidant enzymes and biosynthesis of proline in S. europaea, (2) the salt tolerance in A. macrostachyum, S. fruticosa are due to rearrangement of chlorophyll ratio and biosynthesis of antioxidant compounds (carotenoids, phenolics and flavonoids) which their cost seem to need less energy than activation of antioxidant enzymes. The differential behavior in halophytes of the same habitat confirms that the tolerance mechanism in halophytes is species-specific which provides new insight about the restoration strategy of saline areas.

Physiological causes for decreased productivity under high salinity in Boma, a tetraploid Chloris gayana cultivar. II. Oxidative stress

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Luna ◽  
M. de Luca ◽  
E. Taleisnik
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Salt Gland ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
Chloris Gayana Kunth ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

In tetraploid cultivars of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) productivity decreases significantly under saline conditions. Two closely related clones of cv. Boma (T and S), exhibiting different degrees of salt tolerance, were compared with determine the physiological causes for such decrease. In those clones, salt tolerance was associated with differences in the proportion of dry leaves, salt gland density, Na excretion rate, and oxidative stress damage. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether salt tolerance and oxidative stress development in these clones are related to the activity of two antioxidant enzymes. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, in winter and summer, in plants treated with 0, 100, or 200 mm NaCl. In the summer, increases in oxidative damage, as determined by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, mirrored decreases in CO2 fixation at high salinity, especially in clone S. In clone T, salinity induced higher increases in Fe-SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity in summer-grown plants, and in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in winter-grown plants. Oxidative stress induced by low paraquat concentration also induced an increase in Fe-SOD in leaf segments of clone T, and APX was less affected in clone T than in clone S. These results suggest that the clones differ in the control of antioxidant enzymes. Nevertheless, leaf death in winter was not related to increases in MDA, indicating that the association between salinity, leaf senescence and oxidatives stress is also influenced by other factors.

scholarly journals Effects of seed priming with growth regulator biolan on salt tolerance of Pisum sativum L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3–4) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Dmytruk ◽  
◽  
N. V. Vasyliv ◽  
I. V. Derkach ◽  
I. M. Mykiyevych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

scholarly journals Viability Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) O. Kuntze. seeds by the tetrazolium test and oil content

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1575-1587
Author(s):  
Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade Melo ◽  
João Luciano de Andrade Melo Junior ◽  
Vilma Marques Ferreira ◽  
João Correia de Araújo Neto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Dunnett Test ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Maricá (Mimosa bimucronata (D.C.) O. Kuntze.) is a species that presents great importance in reforestation programs, in the recovery of permanent preservation areas, landscaping projects and is considered soil improver, being recommended for erosion and for planting on flooded land. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the viability of the seeds of M. bimucronata by the tetrazolium test and to determine the crude oil content and the percentage composition of fatty acids. The experiments were conducted at the Plant Propagation Laboratory of the Agricultural Sciences Center (CECA) of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), located in the municipality of Rio Largo, Alagoas, Brazil. The obtained data submitted to the analysis of variance and the comparison between the means of viable seeds for each of the combinations in the tetrazolium test were performed by the Dunnett test at 5%. The concentration of 0.075% tetrazolium salt for two hours at 35 °C is an efficient combination for evaluating the viability of M. bimucronata seeds. The oil content was 2.75%, with unsaturated fatty acids prevailing (63.8%).

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