scholarly journals Melatonin Relations with Energy Metabolism as Possibly Involved in Fatal Mountain Road Traffic Accidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2184
Author(s):  
Claus Behn ◽  
Nicole De Gregorio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Timing System ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Previous results evidenced acute exposure to high altitude (HA) weakening the relation between daily melatonin cycle and the respiratory quotient. This review deals with the threat extreme environments pose on body time order, particularly concerning energy metabolism. Working at HA, at poles, or in space challenge our ancestral inborn body timing system. This conflict may also mark many aspects of our current lifestyle, involving shift work, rapid time zone crossing, and even prolonged office work in closed buildings. Misalignments between external and internal rhythms, in the short term, traduce into risk of mental and physical performance shortfalls, mood changes, quarrels, drug and alcohol abuse, failure to accomplish with the mission and, finally, high rates of fatal accidents. Relations of melatonin with energy metabolism being altered under a condition of hypoxia focused our attention on interactions of the indoleamine with redox state, as well as, with autonomic regulations. Individual tolerance/susceptibility to such interactions may hint at adequately dealing with body timing disorders under extreme conditions.

scholarly journals Simulation of Temperature Regime of Pavement Layers in Transition Periods of Road Climatic Zone IV

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6142-6148
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pavement Layers

Pavement icing during short-term night temperature drops leads to deterioration of highway performances and increase in road traffic accidents (RTA) in Krasnodar Krai. Peculiar features of temperature regime in road climatic zone (RCZ) IV are analyzed. The considered climatic zone is characterized by frequent zero crossing temperatures of air and road pavement, sharp short-term temperature drops in nighttime, frequent icing of road pavement. Main factors are highlighted which effect temperature regime of road structures. Mathematical model is presented for prediction of road pavement temperature based on weather forecasts. Possibility to decrease the volume of pavement icing by means of thermophysical properties of pavement layers is analyzed.

scholarly journals The Effects of Macroeconomic Factors on Road Traffic Safety: A Study Based on the ARDL-ECM Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10262
Author(s):  
Xibing Li ◽  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Xiling Liu ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Private Vehicle

This paper attempts to examine whether socioeconomic volatility produces differentiated effects on road traffic accident indicators. Adopting the Autoregressive distributed lag error-correction model (ARDL-ECM), this paper explores the long-term equilibrium and short-term interactions between five common economic indicators, namely, average salaries (AS), employment (EM), unemployment (UE), total mileage of highway (TMH), and private vehicle ownership (PVO), as well as road traffic-related indicators including the number of road traffic accidents (RTA), injuries (IN), fatalities (FA), and direct economic losses (DEL), using data of road traffic accidents spanning from 1999 to 2018 in China. The study found that all economic indicators except average salaries showed a long-term equilibrium with road traffic accident indicators. The Granger causality test showed that, over the short term, an increase in employment could lead to an increase in injuries, and an increase in private vehicle ownership could cause a rise in fatalities. This study demonstrates that the volatility in economic indicators indeed produces differentiated effects on road traffic accident indicators, providing a theoretical basis for improving road safety performance and formulating relevant policies.

The hidden positive effects of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
Payal Sudhakar Kamdi ◽  
Meena Shamrao Deogade
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Road ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
On The Road

The Coronavirus disease spread like fire, and millions of cases have been reported worldwide, and thousands have died. So, many countries around the globe ordered lockdown to stop the spread of the Coronavirus, which caused significant economic fallout. But every incident has two aspects, positive and negative. This article aimed to study the positive effects of COVID-19 pandemic on some specific factors and to study this topic, datais collected from various websites, web blogs, newspapers and reports on the internet. This pandemic enforced the cancellation or postponement of multiple events, which leads to a reduction in travelling and subsequently there were fewer vehicles on the road, which leads to a decrease in air and water pollution. Road traffic accidents and crime rate had come down suddenly. Due to lockdown, there was a reduction in transportation and industrial activity which allowed Mother Nature to recharge and replenish. Due to lockdown, people spent quality time with their family, fulfilled their hobbies, learnt many new skills and understood the importance of sanitation, hand hygiene and social distancing. This pandemic is a lesson for us to learn many new things. This crisis revealed that there is a need to improve our healthcare system and clinical researches. Immunity of an individual can play an important role to fight these kinds of viral diseases, and these diseases can be avoided by simply following the basic concepts of the Ayurveda. This lockdown showed the short-term depletion in greenhouse gas emissions, but this is not an option for long-lasting climate change, and we have to think about a sustainable solution to save the environment.

scholarly journals To the question of administrative legal regulation of carsharing and implementation of the federal state monitoring in the area of ensuring road traffic safety to the parties involved

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Igor Aleksandrovich Bylinin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Legal Entities

The subject of this research is the normative legal acts that regulating responsibility for failure to comply with statutory requirements on ensuring road traffic safety in the context of short-term car rentals, law enforcement practice, statistical analysis of traffic accidents involving the vehicles provided by carsharing companies, as well as terms for their provision. The object of this research is the social relations emerging in the context of short-term car rentals owned by legal entities and individual entrepreneurs. The goal of this work consist in the attempt to improve the administrative legislation on bringing to responsibility legal entities and individual entrepreneurs who provide short-term rental services to citizens. The scientific novelty lies in legal regulation of the definition of “carsharing” on the level of federal legislation, as well as in amendments to the terms of the contract that would eliminate inconsistency of case law with regards to civil law relations and bringing to administrative responsibility of the persons who fail to comply with statutory requirements on ensuring road traffic safety. The proposed by the author concept of “carsharing” would allow imposition of obligations upon the leaseholders on compliance with road traffic safety requirements placed on the legal entities and individual entrepreneurs while operating a vehicle in accordance with the Federal Law No. 196-FZ of 12.10.1995 "On Road Traffic Safety".

TO THE STABILITY OF TANK VEHICLES IN THE BRAKE MODE

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Denys Popelysh ◽  
Yurii Seluk ◽  
Sergyi Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Course Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Tank Vehicles

This article discusses the question of the possibility of improving the roll stability of partially filled tank vehicles while braking. We consider the dangers associated with partially filled tank vehicles. We give examples of the severe consequences of road traffic accidents that have occurred with tank vehicles carrying dangerous goods. We conducted an analysis of the dynamic processes of fluid flow in the tank and their influence on the basic parameters of the stability of vehicle. When transporting a partially filled tank due to the comparability of the mass of the empty tank with the mass of the fluid being transported, the dynamic qualities of the vehicle change so that they differ significantly from the dynamic characteristics of other vehicles. Due to large displacements of the center of mass of cargo in the tank there are additional loads that act vehicle and significantly reduce the course stability and the drivability. We consider the dynamics of liquid sloshing in moving containers, and give examples of building a mechanical model of an oscillating fluid in a tank and a mathematical model of a vehicle with a tank. We also considered the method of improving the vehicle’s stability, which is based on the prediction of the moment of action and the nature of the dynamic processes of liquid cargo and the implementation of preventive actions by executive mechanisms. Modern automated control systems (anti-lock brake system, anti-slip control systems, stabilization systems, braking forces distribution systems, floor level systems, etc.) use a certain list of elements for collecting necessary parameters and actuators for their work. This gives the ability to influence the course stability properties without interfering with the design of the vehicle only by making changes to the software of these systems. Keywords: tank vehicle, roll stability, mathematical model, vehicle control systems.

ADHD is a Risk Factor of Road Crashes: A Purposive Study of Finding Relation between ADHD and Road Traffic Accident in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 20531-20536
Author(s):  
Nusrat Shamima Nur ◽  
M. S. l. Mullick ◽  
Ahmed Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Road Crash ◽  
Day By Day

Background: In Bangladesh fatality rate due to road traffic accidents is rising sharply day by day. At least 2297 people were killed and 5480 were injured in road traffic accidents within 1st six months of 2017.Whereas in the previous year at 2016 at least 1941 people were killed and 4794 were injured within the 1st six months. No survey has been reported in Bangladesh yet correlating ADHD as a reason of impulsive driving which ends up in a road crash.

Positive Aspects of COVID 19 Pandemic: A Blessing in Disguis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Anjankar Ashish P ◽  
Anjankar Vaibhav P ◽  
Anjankar Anil J ◽  
Kanyal Lata
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
The World

COVID 19 is undeniably one of the deadliest diseases that humanity has ever seen. It continues to affect the lives and livelihood of people appallingly across the world. Maximum discussions focus towards the apprehension of catching the infection, dwelling in homes, overpopulated nursing homes and shut down of all kinds. But, here let’s discuss the positive side of COVID 19 pandemic.As COVID 19 has spread its influence all over the world, affected countries have either announced lockdown or have implemented severe restrictions in their respective countries. Because of this, everyone dwells in their homes. Thus, exercising social distancing and functioning from home. All of the above is directed at restricting the transmission of coronavirus and expectantly ostracising the fatality from COVID 19. These transformations have also brought about some unanticipated emanations; some good things have come out of the pandemic as well. Positive effects of COVID 19 are seen on reduced road traffic, and road traffic accidents lowered levels of air pollution which has to lead to lowered heart attack rates and rejuvenating environment. Crime rates have fallen, and expenses are reduced in most places. Community action, communication amongst families, behaviour, sanitation, hygiene, online and distance education has positively impacted by COVID 19 pandemic. COVID 19 despite a bane for humans, can be thought of a boon for living beings. The habitats and elements have been purified with the stringent use of petrochemical products. To breathe fresh air and to consume purified water is a boon by itself. Now, it is time for humans to lead a caring life to every bounty bestowed on them by Nature. This thoughtful and considerate life will give hope for a healthy, stress-free life.

Influence of environmental factors on road traffic accidents: Hospital based cross sectional study at Tirupati

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Khadervali N. ◽  
Chandrasekhar C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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