scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Drugs as Anticancer Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Zappavigna ◽  
Alessia Maria Cossu ◽  
Anna Grimaldi ◽  
Marco Bocchetti ◽  
Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Good Strategy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Prevention And Therapy

Inflammation is strictly associated with cancer and plays a key role in tumor development and progression. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that inflammation can predispose to tumors, therefore targeting inflammation and the molecules involved in the inflammatory process could represent a good strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. In the past, several clinical studies have demonstrated that many anti-inflammatory agents, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are able to interfere with the tumor microenvironment by reducing cell migration and increasing apoptosis and chemo-sensitivity. This review focuses on the link between inflammation and cancer by describing the anti-inflammatory agents used in cancer therapy, and their mechanisms of action, emphasizing the use of novel anti-inflammatory agents with significant anticancer activity.

scholarly journals Neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease and therapeutic evidence of anti-inflammatory drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taysa Bervian Bassani ◽  
Maria A.B.F. Vital ◽  
Laryssa K. Rauh
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Progressive Degeneration ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting approximately 1.6% of the population over 60 years old. The cardinal motor symptoms are the result of progressive degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons which are involved in the fine motor control. Currently, there is no cure for this pathology and the cause of the neurodegeneration remains unknown. Several studies suggest the involvement of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of PD as well as a protective effect of anti-inflammatory drugs both in animal models and epidemiological studies, although there are controversial reports. In this review, we address evidences of involvement of inflammatory process and possible therapeutic usefulness of anti-inflammatory drugs in PD.

Current Studies of Aspirin as an Anticancer Agent and Strategies to Strengthen its Therapeutic Application in Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong H.L. Tran ◽  
Beom-Jin Lee ◽  
Thao T.D. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Aspirin Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Risk Of Bleeding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

: Aspirin has emerged as a promising intervention in cancer in the past decade. However, there are existing controversies regarding the anticancer properties of aspirin as its mechanism of action has not been clearly defined. In addition, the risk of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract from aspirin is another consideration that requires medical and pharmaceutical scientists to work together to develop more potent and safe aspirin therapy in cancer. This review presents the most recent studies of aspirin with regard to its role in cancer prevention and treatment demonstrated by highlighted clinical trials, mechanisms of action as well as approaches to develop aspirin therapy best beneficial to cancer patients. Hence, this review provides readers with an overview of aspirin research in cancer that covers not only the unique features of aspirin, which differentiates aspirin from other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but also strategies that can be used in the development of drug delivery systems carrying aspirin for cancer management. These studies convey optimistic messages on continuing efforts of scientist on the way of developing an effective therapy for even patients with a low response to current cancer treatments.

scholarly journals A Review: Inflammatory Process in Alzheimer's Disease, Role of Cytokines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Rubio-Perez ◽  
Juana Maria Morillas-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder to date. Neuropathological hallmarks areβ-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, but the inflammatory process has a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of AD. Inflammatory components related to AD neuroinflammation include brain cells such as microglia and astrocytes, the complement system, as well as cytokines and chemokines. Cytokines play a key role in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes in AD. An important factor in the onset of inflammatory process is the overexpression of interleukin (IL)-1, which produces many reactions in a vicious circle that cause dysfunction and neuronal death. Other important cytokines in neuroinflammation are IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. By contrast, other cytokines such as IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-βcan suppress both proinflammatory cytokine production and their action, subsequently protecting the brain. It has been observed in epidemiological studies that treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decreases the risk for developing AD. Unfortunately, clinical trials of NSAIDs in AD patients have not been very fruitful. Proinflammatory responses may be countered through polyphenols. Supplementation of these natural compounds may provide a new therapeutic line of approach to this brain disorder.

scholarly journals ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF PEPTIC ULCER: back to the past?

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Barbosa ARAÚJO ◽  
Paulo BORINI ◽  
Romeu Cardoso GUIMARÃES
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Made In

ObjectivesTo review some aspects of the etiopathogenesis of peptic ulcerous disease especially on the basis of studies on its correlation withHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori).MethodsA search was made in the data bases MEDLINE, LILACS and PubMed, and in Brazilian and foreign books, referring to the incidence and prevalence of infection by H. pylori and of peptic ulcerous disease in various populations of different countries.ResultsIt was observed that the prevalence of H. pyloriinfection is similar in individuals with peptic ulcerous disease and the general population. There are differences between countries with respect to the prevalence of infection and of gastric or duodenal peptic ulcers. In many countries the prevalence of infection by H. pylorishows stability while the prevalence of peptic ulcerous disease is declining. The prevalence of peptic ulcerous disease without H. pylori infection varies between 20% and 56% in occidental countries.DiscussionThe observations might be suggestive of H. pyloribeing only one more factor to be summed together with other aggressive components in the genesis of peptic ulcerous disease. We would therewith be returning to the classic concept that peptic gastric and duodenal ulcers have multifactorial etiology and would result from imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors. The focus of studies should be enriched with the identification of the defensive factors and of other aggressive factors besides the well known H. pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, since these two aggressors do not exhaust the full causal spectrum.

scholarly journals NSAID Gastroenteropathy: Past, Present and Future

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Disorders ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthase ◽  
Nsaid Enteropathy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Identification And Characterization

The toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the gastrointestinal tract continues to be a major limitation to their use in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of NSAID enteropathy has facilitated the development of novel NSAIDs that spare the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, identification and characterization of the inducible form of prostaglandin synthase has led to the design of novel NSAIDs that specifically target that enzyme. The pathogenesis of NSAID gastroenteropathy is reviewed, as are the strategies that have been used in the past and are used now to develop NSAIDs that spare the gastrointestinal tract. Also reviewed are the strategies being employed to achieve this goal in the future.

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