scholarly journals MicroRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Mechanobiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Cazzanelli ◽  
Karin Wuertz-Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Degenerative Disc ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation ◽  
Ivd Degeneration ◽  
The Impact

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a multifactorial pathological process associated with low back pain, the leading cause of years lived in disability worldwide. Key characteristics of the pathological changes connected with degenerative disc disease (DDD) are the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), apoptosis and senescence, as well as inflammation. The impact of nonphysiological mechanical stresses on IVD degeneration and inflammation, the mechanisms of mechanotransduction, and the role of mechanosensitive miRNAs are of increasing interest. As post-transcriptional regulators, miRNAs are known to affect the expression of 30% of protein-coding genes and numerous intracellular processes. The dysregulation of miRNAs is therefore associated with various pathologies, including degenerative diseases such as DDD. This review aims to give an overview of the current status of miRNA research in degenerative disc pathology, with a special focus on the involvement of miRNAs in ECM degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation, as well as mechanobiology.

scholarly journals Impedance Therapy in Rehabilitation of Degenerative Disc Disease Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Degenerative Disc Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Degenerative Disc ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim: The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of Impedance Therapy (IT) in the treatment of degenerative disc disease by confirming the presence of the "disc grow-up" (DGU) phenomenon. Method: The set consisted of 55 patients with DDD with an average age of 51.3 years divided into two groups – the experimental group and control group. The experimental group consisted of 29 patients with an average age of 56.7 years. The control group consisted of 26 patients with an average age of 45.8 years. Results: In the experimental group of patients with DDD, who received IT, the DGU phenomenon with a success rate of 76% was observed, with an average increase in the volume of the intervertebral disc of 31% (p <0.000). In the control group of patients receiving standard electrotherapy, the DGU phenomenon was not proven – the DDD progressed normally with a mean volume reduction of 15% (p <0.000). Conclusions: Degenerative disc disease as a disease of modern civilization is treatable. It can be concluded that the theory, that degenerative disc changes are irreversible has been overcome by the impact of impedance therapy.

scholarly journals Computational Modeling Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology: A Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory Volz ◽  
Shady Elmasry ◽  
Alicia R. Jackson ◽  
Francesco Travascio
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Ivd Degeneration ◽  
Physical Changes

Lower back pain is a medical condition of epidemic proportion, and the degeneration of the intervertebral disc has been identified as a major contributor. The etiology of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is multifactorial, depending on age, cell-mediated molecular degradation processes and genetics, which is accelerated by traumatic or gradual mechanical factors. The complexity of such intertwined biochemical and mechanical processes leading to degeneration makes it difficult to quantitatively identify cause–effect relationships through experiments. Computational modeling of the IVD is a powerful investigative tool since it offers the opportunity to vary, observe and isolate the effects of a wide range of phenomena involved in the degenerative process of discs. This review aims at discussing the main findings of finite element models of IVD pathophysiology with a special focus on the different factors contributing to physical changes typical of degenerative phenomena. Models presented are subdivided into those addressing role of nutritional supply, progressive biochemical alterations stemming from an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, aging and those considering mechanical factors as the primary source that induces morphological change within the disc. Limitations of the current models, as well as opportunities for future computational modeling work are also discussed.

Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease Increases Deformations at Cephalad Adjacent Levels In Vivo

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaobai Wang ◽  
Michal Kozanek ◽  
Kirkham B. Wood ◽  
Guoan Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Back ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease ◽  
Degenerative Disc ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Ivd Degeneration

Low back pain, one of the most common causes of disability in working population is in the vast majority of cases attributed to degeneration of the lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD). It has been reported that in patients with degenerative disc diseases (DDD) at one level, the discs adjacent to the diseased level have a greater tendency to degenerate. Studies have also suggested altered biomechanics as causative factors [1, 2]. However, to date no data has been reported on the deformation of the disc in vivo in DDD patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lumbar IVD degeneration on the deformation of the discs at the adjacent levels during functional weightbearing postures.

scholarly journals Cell-Based Therapies Used to Treat Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies and Human Clinical Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Oehme ◽  
Tony Goldschlager ◽  
Peter Ghosh ◽  
Jeffrey V. Rosenfeld ◽  
Graham Jenkin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Degenerative Disc Disease ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Degenerative Disc ◽  
Disc Regeneration

Low back pain and degenerative disc disease are a significant cause of pain and disability worldwide. Advances in regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies, particularly the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells and intervertebral disc chondrocytes, have led to the publication of numerous studies and clinical trials utilising these biological therapies to treat degenerative spinal conditions, often reporting favourable outcomes. Stem cell mediated disc regeneration may bridge the gap between the two current alternatives for patients with low back pain, often inadequate pain management at one end and invasive surgery at the other. Through cartilage formation and disc regeneration or via modification of pain pathways stem cells are well suited to enhance spinal surgery practice. This paper will systematically review the current status of basic science studies, preclinical and clinical trials utilising cell-based therapies to repair the degenerate intervertebral disc. The mechanism of action of transplanted cells, as well as the limitations of published studies, will be discussed.

scholarly journals Chemometric evaluation of concentrations of trace elements in intervertebral disc tissue in patient with degenerative disc disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-617
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kubaszewski ◽  
Anetta Zioła-Frankowska ◽  
Zuzanna Gasik ◽  
Marcin Frankowski ◽  
Mikołaj Dąbrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Degenerative Disc Disease ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Degenerative Disc ◽  
Disc Tissue

scholarly journals Inflammation in intervertebral disc degeneration and regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (104) ◽  
pp. 20141191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Molinos ◽  
Catarina R. Almeida ◽  
Joana Caldeira ◽  
Carla Cunha ◽  
Raquel M. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Discogenic Pain ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodelling ◽  
Ivd Degeneration ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is one of the major causes of low back pain, a problem with a heavy economic burden, which has been increasing in prevalence as populations age. Deeper knowledge of the complex spatial and temporal orchestration of cellular interactions and extracellular matrix remodelling is critical to improve current IVD therapies, which have so far proved unsatisfactory. Inflammation has been correlated with degenerative disc disease but its role in discogenic pain and hernia regression remains controversial. The inflammatory response may be involved in the onset of disease, but it is also crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, if properly balanced it may contribute to tissue repair/regeneration as has already been demonstrated in other tissues. In this review, we focus on how inflammation has been associated with IVD degeneration by describing observational and in vitro studies as well as in vivo animal models. Finally, we provide an overview of IVD regenerative therapies that target key inflammatory players.

Impact of the production of underutilized vegetables on the livelihood of farmers in Southwestern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1669-1682
Author(s):  
Oluwatosin Adejoke Oyedele ◽  
Kemisola O. Adenegan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Average Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose African indigenous vegetables have high nutritive value which contains high levels of minerals. The current status of indigenous vegetable production in developing countries shows that these crops are “under-recognized” and “underutilized” with respect to nutritional value and opportunities for food security. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the production of underutilized vegetables on the livelihood of farmers in South Western Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach The population for the study includes all the vegetable farmers in South Western Nigeria with a special focus on farmers’ groups formed by the NICANVEG project in Osun, Oyo, Ondo and Ekiti states. Descriptive statistics and propensity score matching (PSM) was used to analyze the objective. Findings Perceptions on individual household income reveal that the majority of participating respondents perceived higher production and harvesting density. This is due to the fact that harvesting is done by cutting the stems of the vegetables. The probability score shows that the dependent variables have an average effect of 44.6 percent on the probability of farmers participating in NICANVEG project. The PSM results reveal that average treatment effect on the treated is ₦269,254.87. Average treatment on the untreated is ₦11,990.63 while average treatment effect is ₦139,336.43. The total income of the participants from all the various livelihood strategies is increased by 29.73 percent because of their participation in the NICANVEG project. Originality/value This work has not been carried out by any other person before. This work will add to the existing knowledge on the impact of evaluation in agricultural economics.

scholarly journals The nucleus pulposus microenvironment in the intervertebral disc: the fountain of youth?

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 707-738
Author(s):  
J , Guerrero ◽  
◽  
S Häckel ◽  
AS Croft ◽  
S Hoppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Fountain Of Youth ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ivd Degeneration

The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex tissue, and its degeneration remains a problem for patients, without significant improvement in treatment strategies. This mostly age-related disease predominantly affects the nucleus pulposus (NP), the central region of the IVD. The NP tissue, and especially its microenvironment, exhibit changes that may be involved at the outset or affect the progression of IVD pathology. The NP tissue microenvironment is unique and can be defined by a variety of specific factors and components characteristic of its physiology and function. NP progenitor cell interactions with their surrounding microenvironment may be a key factor for the regulation of cellular metabolism, phenotype, and stemness. Recently, celltransplantation approaches have been investigated for the treatment of degenerative disc disease, highlighting the need to better understand if and how transplanted cells can give rise to healthy NP tissue. Hence, understanding all the components of the NP microenvironment seems to be critical to better gauge the success and outcomes of approaches for tissue engineering and future clinical applications. Knowledge about the components of the NP microenvironment, how NP progenitor cells interact with them, and how changes in their surroundings can alter their function is summarised. Recent discoveries in NP tissue engineering linked to the microenvironment are also reviewed, meaning how crosstalk within the microenvironment can be adjusted to promote NP regeneration. Associated clinical problems are also considered, connecting bench-to-bedside in the context of IVD degeneration.

Response of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Intervertebral Disc Cells to Inflammatory Challenge

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neena Rajan ◽  
Nathaniel Stetson ◽  
Passquale Razzano ◽  
Mitchell Levine ◽  
Daniel Grande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Disc Cells ◽  
Ivd Degeneration ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Human intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is accompanied by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1β and TNF-α [1–3]. Cytokine secretion by disc cells increases catabolic breakdown of the tissue, resulting in a positive feedback of disc integrity loss and further inflammation [4–6]. A recent study by our group has shown that severity of degeneration in an injury model can influence the therapeutic effect of cell based repair, such as treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [7]. The goal of this study is to measure the response of MSCs to inflammatory challenge, and to compare this response to that of differentiated disc cells from the nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosis (AF) and end plate (EP). In this study, we investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on intervertebral disc cells and MSCs viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and extracellular matrix (ECM) expression. LPS is an endotoxin that induces strong immune responses in animal tissue and hence widely used as a pre-clinical model of inflammation. This approach provides an opportunity to study broad aspects of the physiological inflammatory process observed in degenerative disc disease.

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL MARKERS OF DEGENERATION AND REGENERATION OF THE HUMAN INTERVERTEBRAL DISK

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
MANUELA PELETTI-FIGUEIRÓ ◽  
ISRAEL SILVEIRA DE AGUIAR ◽  
SUELEN PAESI ◽  
DENISE CANTARELLI MACHADO ◽  
SERGIO ECHEVERRIGARAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Degenerative Disc Disease ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease ◽  
Degenerative Disc ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Safranin O

ABSTRACT Objective: To define histological scores for intervertebral disc degeneration that would enable the definition of morphological characteristics of disease, besides improving knowledge of the lumbar degenerative disc disease by means of immunohistochemical markers. Methods: Hematoxylin and Eosin, Alcian/PAS, Masson Trichrome and Safranin O/FCF staining was used on the intervertebral disc degeneration sections of patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease. The protein markers defined in immunohistochemistry were cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (p53). Results: The study data enabled the determination of Safranin O/FCF stain as the most effective one for evaluating parameters such as area, diameter, and number of chondrocyte clusters. The importance of using stains in association, such as Safranin O/FCF, Masson Trichrome, Alcian/PAS and Hematoxylin and Eosin, was also determined, as they are complementary for the histopathological verification of intervertebral disc degeneration. By expressing proteins using the immunohistochemistry technique, it was possible to consider two stages of disc degeneration: cell proliferation with chondrocyte cluster formation, and induction of apoptosis. Conclusion: This study enabled the histological and immunohistochemical characterization to be determined for lumbar degenerative disc disease, and its degrees of evolution, by determining new disc degeneration scores.

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