scholarly journals Smooth Muscle Cell Responses to Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Triacrylate Networks with Different Crosslinking Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8932
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Aoning Wang ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Cellular Behaviors ◽  
Good Biocompatibility

Poly(ε-caprolactone) triacrylate (PCLTA) is attractive in tissue engineering because of its good biocompatibility and processability. The crosslinking time strongly influences PCLTAs cellular behaviors. To investigate these influences, PCLTAs with different molecular weights were crosslinked under UV light for times ranging from 1 to 20 min. The crosslinking efficiency of PCLTA increased with decreasing the molecular weight and increasing crosslinking time which could increase the gel fraction and network stiffness and decrease the swelling ratio. Then, the PCLTA networks crosslinked for different time were used as substrates for culturing rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs). SMC attachment and proliferation all increased when the PCLTA molecular weight increased from 8k to 10k and then to 20k at the same crosslinking time. For the same PCLTA, SMC attachment, proliferation, and focal adhesions increased with increasing the crosslinking time, in particular, between the substrates crosslinked for less than 3 min and longer than 5 min. This work will provide a good experimental basis for the application of PCLTA.

scholarly journals Effects of the Molecular Weight of Hyaluronic Acid in a Carbon Nanotube Drug Delivery Conjugate

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Arpicco ◽  
Michał Bartkowski ◽  
Alessandro Barge ◽  
Daniele Zonari ◽  
Loredana Serpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Highly Hydrophobic ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a ubiquitous biopolymer involved in many pathophysiological roles. One HA receptor, the cluster of differentiation CD44 protein, is often overexpressed in tumor cells. As such, HA has attracted considerable interest in the development of drug delivery formulations, given its intrinsic targetability toward CD44 overexpressing cells. The present study is focused on examining the correlation of HA molecular weight with its targetability properties. A library of conjugates obtained by linking the amino group of the phospholipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DMPE) to the carboxylic residues of HA of different molecular weight (6.4, 17, 51, 200, and 1,500 kDa) were synthesized and fully characterized. The HA-DMPE conjugates were then used to non-covalently functionalize the highly hydrophobic single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), and further encapsulate the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). Our results show that the complexes DOX/CNT/HA-DMPE maintain very good and stable dispersibility. Drug release studies indicated a pH-responsive release of the drug from the nanocarrier. Cell viability tests demonstrated that all HA modified CNTs have good biocompatibility, and specific targeting toward cells overexpressing the CD44 receptor. Among all the molecular weights tested, the 200 kDa HA showed the highest increase in cellular uptake and cytotoxic activity. All these promising attributes make CNT/HA200-DMPE a “smart” platform for tumor-targeted delivery of anticancer agents.

Angiotensin II stimulation of rapid paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation correlates with the formation of focal adhesions in rat aortic smooth muscle cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Turner ◽  
K.M. Pietras ◽  
D.S. Taylor ◽  
C.J. Molloy
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Protein Kinase C Activation

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that has been also implicated in vascular hyperproliferative diseases, including atherosclerosis and restenosis following angioplasty. Treatment of cultured, serum-starved rat aortic smooth muscle cells with angiotensin II causes rapid protein tyrosine phosphorylation that precedes cell mitogenesis. We have identified two of the phosphoproteins as paxillin (75 kilodaltons) and the tyrosine kinase pp125Fak, both components of actin-associated focal adhesion sites. Angiotensin II stimulated a 5-fold increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and a smaller (1.5-fold) increase in pp125Fak tyrosine phosphorylation. Paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was evident within 1 minute, and was maximal after 10 minutes. Similar elevated protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels of paxillin were obtained with exposure of the rat aortic smooth muscle cells to peptides endothelin-1 and alpha-thrombin that function, as angiotensin II, through binding to members of the seven transmembrane domain G protein coupled receptors. Angiotensin II treatment also stimulated the production of a well-ordered actin-containing stress fiber network and prominent paxillin-containing focal adhesions. The focal adhesions stained intensely with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody suggesting the tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and cytoskeletal reorganization were tightly coupled. Angiotensin II receptor occupancy has been shown previously to lead to protein kinase C activation. However, compared to angiotensin II stimulation, a smaller, delayed increase in paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was observed following direct protein kinase C activation by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate. Paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was selective for certain agonists since no increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein was observed following exposure to the potent mitogen PDGF. Thus, actin-based cytoskeletal changes involving sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix may play an important role in normal and pathophysiologic smooth muscle cell growth regulation in response to certain angiotensin II-type vasoactive agonists.

Pentobarbital, but not Propofol, Suppresses Vasopressin-stimulated Heat Shock Protein 27 Induction in Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1807-1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Kozawa ◽  
Kumiko Tanabe ◽  
Hiroyuki Matsuno ◽  
Masayuki Niwa ◽  
Takuji Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Kinase C

Background Although it is known that systemic blood pressure decreases after the administration of pentobarbital or propofol, the mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular effects of these anesthetics are still poorly understood. The authors previously showed that vasopressin stimulates the induction of heat shock protein (HSP) 27, a low-molecular-weight HSP, by a protein kinase C-dependent manner in aortic smooth muscle A10 cells. It is recognized that HSP27 may act as a chaperone like high-molecular-weight HSPs such as HSP70. HSP27 is reportedly associated with agonist-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells. The authors examined the effects of pentobarbital and propofol on the vasopressin-stimulated HSP27 induction in A10 cells. Methods Cultured A10 cells were pretreated with pentobarbital or propofol and then stimulated by vasopressin or 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). The effect of vasopressin on HSP70 was evaluated by Western blot analysis and compared with its effect on HSP27. The concentrations of HSP27 were determined by a specific immunoassay. The effect of pentobarbital on the expression levels of mRNA for HSP27 by vasopressin was evaluated by Northern blot analysis. Results Vasopressin induced HSP27 but had little effect on HSP70. At concentrations used clinically, pentobarbital inhibited the accumulation of HSP27 by vasopressin or TPA. Pentobarbital reduced the levels of mRNA for HSP27 induced by vasopressin. In contrast, propofol affected neither the vasopressin- nor TPA-induced HSP27 accumulation. Conclusions These results suggest that pentobarbital suppresses the vasopressin-stimulated HSP27 induction in vascular smooth muscle cells. This inhibitory effect is probably exerted at a point downstream from protein kinase C.

Neutrophil migration through in vitro interstitial matrix

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 894-895
Author(s):  
J. Roemer ◽  
S.R. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Specific Culture

We are developing an in vitro interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) system for study of inflammatory cell migration. Falcon brand Cyclopore membrane inserts of various pore sizes are used as a support substrate for production of ECM by R22 rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Under specific culture conditions these cells produce a highly insoluble matrix consisting of typical interstitial ECM components, i.e.: types I and III collagen, elastin, proteoglycans and fibronectin.

Sorghum Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae NK Enhances Inhibition of Vascular Inflammation in TNF-α-stimulated Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Hae Seong Song ◽  
Jung-Eun Kwon ◽  
Hyun Jin Baek ◽  
Chang Won Kim ◽  
Hyelin Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2

Abstract. Sorghum bicolor L. Moench is widely grown all over the world for food and feed. The effects of sorghum extracts on general inflammation have been previously studied, but its anti-vascular inflammatory effects are unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-vascular inflammation effects of sorghum extract (SBE) and fermented extract of sorghum (fSBE) on human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). After the cytotoxicity test of the sorghum extract, a series of experiments were conducted. The inhibition effects of SBE and fSBE on the inflammatory response and adhesion molecule expression were measured using treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a crucial promoter for the development of atherosclerotic lesions, on HASMCs. After TNF-α (10 ng/mL) treatment for 2 h, then SBE and fSBE (100 and 200 μg/mL) were applied for 12h. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (2.4-fold) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (6.7-fold) decreased, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (3.5-fold) increased compared to the TNF-α control when treated with 200 μg/mL fSBE (P<0.05). In addition, the fSBE significantly increased the expression of HO-1 and significantly decreased the expression of VCAM-1 and COX-2 compared to the TNF-α control in mRNA level (P<0.05). These reasons of results might be due to the increased concentrations of procyanidin B1 (about 6-fold) and C1 (about 30-fold) produced through fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae NK for 48 h, at 37 °C. Overall, the results demonstrated that fSBE enhanced the inhibition of the inflammatory response and adherent molecule expression in HASMCs.

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